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Bibliographie
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1. ABOUZAHR, C. and WARDLAW, T. Maternal mortality in 2000: Estimates developed by WHO, UNICEF, and UNFPA. 2000 (Available: <http://www.unfpa.org/upload/lib_pub_file/237_filename_ maternal_mortality_2000.pdf>, Accessed Sep. 17, 2004)
2. AMPOFO, K.E. Risk factors of vesico-vaginal fistulae in Maiduguri, Nigeria: A case-control study. Tropical Doctor 20(3): 138-139. Jul. 1990.
3. AMR, M.F. Vesico-vaginal fistula in Jordan. European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology 80: 201-203. 1998.
*4. ARROWSMITH, S., HAMLIN, E.C., and WALL, L.L. Obstructed labor injury complex: Obstetric fistula formation and the multifaceted morbidity of maternal birth trauma in the developing world. Obstetrical and Gynecological Survey 51: 568-574. 1996.
*5. BANGSER, M. Restoring girls’ and women’s lives to dignity: Taking action on vesico-vaginal fistula. Bugando Medical Centre, 1998. 22 p.
6. BANGSER, M., GUMODOKA, B., and BEREGE, Z. A comprehensive approach to vesico-vaginal fistula: A project in Mwanza, Tanzania. 1991. (Safe Motherhood Initiatives: Critical Issues)
7. BROWNING, A. (Addis Ababa Fistula Hospital) [History of Addis Ababa Fistula Hospital] Personal communication, Jan. 5, 2004.
8. BROWNING, A. (Addis Ababa Fistula Hospital) [Work of Addis Ababa Fistula Hospital] Personal communication, Jan. 26, 2004.
9. BUCKSHEE, K. [A resume of cases of obstetric fistulae treated at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences in New Delhi] Personal communication, 1989.
*10. COTTINGHAM, J. and ROYSTON, E. Obstetric fistula: A review of available information. Geneva, World Health Organization (WHO), 1991. (Maternal Health and Safe Motherhood Programme) 39 p.
*11. CRON, J. Lessons from the developing world: Obstructed labor and the vesico-vaginal fistula. Medscape General Medicine 5(3). Aug. 14, 2003. (Available: <http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/455965_print>, Accessed Sep. 28, 2004)
12. ELKINS, T.E. Surgery for the obstetric vesicovaginal fistula: A review of 100 operations in 82 patients. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 170: 1108-1120. 1994.
13. ENGENDERHEALTH. Obstetric fistula: A needs assessment in Ghana. [Draft]. EngenderHealth and Averting Maternal Death and Disability, 2004.
14. ENGENDERHEALTH. Obstetric fistula: A needs assessment in Rwanda. [Draft]. EngenderHealth and Averting Maternal Death and Disability, 2004.
15. EVOH, N.J. and AKINLA, O. Reproductive performance after the repair of obstetric vesico-vaginal fistulae. Annals of Clinical Research 10(6): 303-306. Dec. 1978.
16. FAMILY HEALTH INTERNATIONAL (FHI). The base of the iceberg: Prevalence and perceptions of maternal morbidity in four developing countries. 1997. 104 p.
17. GOH, J.T. Genital tract fistula repair on 116 women. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 38: 158-161. 1998.
18. GRAFF, K. and BANGSER, M. Faces of dignity: Seven stories of girls and women with fistula. Women’s Dignity Project, 2003.
*19. HAMLIN, C. and KENNEDY, R. Report on the meeting for the prevention and treatment of obstetric fistula: Taking stock: Ethiopia. London, United Nations Population Fund, Jul. 2001. 24 p. (Available: <http://www.unfpa.org/upload/lib_pub_file/181_filename_report_july2001.pdf>, Accessed Sep. 17, 2004)
20. HANIF, H. [Analysis of the cases of obstetric fistulae admitted to the Sir Ganga Ram Hospital in Lahore, Pakistan 1978-1988] Personal communication, 1989.
21. HARRISON, K.A. The importance of educated healthy women in Africa. Lancet 349(9052): 644-647. Mar. 1, 1997.
22. HARRISON, K.A., Maternal mortality in developing countries. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 96(1):1-3. Jan. 1989.
23. HILTON, P. Vesico-vaginal fistulas in developing countries. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics 82(3): 285-295. Sep. 2003.
24. HILTON, P. and WARD, A. Epidemiological and surgical aspects of urogenital fistulae: A review of 25 years’ experience in southeast Nigeria. International Urogynecology Journal and Pelvic Floor Dysfunction 9: 189-194. 1998.
25. HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH. The war within the war: Sexual violence against women and girls in eastern Congo. Jun. 2002. 128 p. (Available: <http://www.hrw.org/reports/2002/drc/Congo0602.pdf>, Accessed Sep. 28, 2004)
*26. JHPIEGO. The partograph: An essential tool for decision-making during labor. [Best Practices]. Maternal and Neonatal Health Program 2002 (Available: <http://www.mnh.jhpiego.org/best/parto.pdf>, Accessed Sep. 28, 2004)
27. JONES, H., DIOP, N., ASKEW, I., and KABORE, I. Female genital cutting practices in Burkina Faso and Mali and their negative health outcomes. Studies in Family Planning 30(3): 219-230. Sep. 1999. (Available: <http:www.popcouncil.org/pdfs/councilarticles/sfp/SFP303Jones.pdf>, Accessed Sep. 28, 2004)
28. KELLY, J. Fistulae of obstetric origin. Midwifery 7: 71-73. 1991.
29. KELLY, J. Vesico-vaginal and recto-vaginal fistulae. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 85(5): 257-258. May 1992.
30. KELLY, J. Ethiopia: An epidemiological study of vesico-vaginal fistula in Addis Ababa. World Health Statistics Quarterly 48(1): 15-17. 1995.
31. KELLY, J. and KWAST, B.E. Epidemiologic study of vesico-vaginal fistulas in Ethiopia. International Urogynecology Journal 4: 278-281. 1993.
32. KIIRU, J.M. Findings of needs assessment: The Kenya country situation. [Presented at the 2nd meeting of the working group of the prevention and treatment of obstetric fistula]. 2002.
33. KIIRU, J.M. [Postoperative care in fistula repair] Personal communication, May 18, 2004.
*34. KINZIE, B. and GOMEZ, P. Basic maternal and newborn care: A guide for skilled providers. Baltimore, JHPIEGO, 2004.
35. KWAST, B.E. Obstructed labour: Its contribution to maternal mortality. Midwifery 8(1): 3-7. 1992.
36. MACINTYRE, K. and HOTCHKISS, D.R. Referral revisited: Community financing schemes and emergency transport in rural Africa. Social Science and Medicine 49(11): 1473-1487.
37. MAMDANI, M. and BANGSER, M. Poor people’s experiences of health services in Tanzania: A literature review. Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, Women’s Dignity Project, 2004.
38. MULETA, M. and WILLIAMS, G. Postcoital injuries treated at the Addis Ababa Fistula Hospital, 1991-1997. Lancet 354 (9195): 2051-2052. Dec. 11, 1999.
39. MURRAY, C. and LOPEZ, A., eds. Health dimensions of sex and reproduction: The global burden of sexually transmitted diseases, HIV, maternal conditions, perinatal disorders, and congenital anomalies. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press on behalf of the World Health Organization and World Bank, 1998. 390 p.
40. NEILSON, J.P., LAVENDER, T., QUENBY, S., and WRAY, S. Obstructed labor. British Medical Bulletin 67: 191-204. 2003.
41. ONOLEMHEMHEN, D.O. and EKWEMPU, C.C. An investigation of sociomedical risk factors associated with vaginal fistula in northern Nigeria. Women and Health 28: 103-116. 1999.
42. RAASSEN, T. Training module for obstetric fistula. [Unpublished]. Nov. 2003.
43. RAGHVAN-GILBERT, P. Gender issues in reproductive health: Let’s get serious. Reflections [Newsletter], No. 1, United Nations Population Fund, Jun. 1999. 4 p.
44. RASHEED, A.H. Obstetric fistula: A sociomedical problem in Morocco 1988-1993. Journeys and Voices, International Development Research Centre, 1994. 4 p. (Available: <http://web.idrc.ca/en/ev-28404-201-1-DO_TOPIC.html>, Accessed Sep. 28, 2004)
45. REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH OUTLOOK. Program examples: Ethiopia. (Available: <http://www.rho.org/html/older_progexamples.htm>, Accessed Jan. 4, 2004)
46. RILEY, V.J. Vesicovaginal fistula. (Available: <www.emedicine.com/med/topic3321.htm>, Accessed Mar. 2004)
47. RONSMANS, C., ETARD, J.F., WALRAVEN, G., HØJ, L., DUMONT, A., DE BERNIS, L., and KODIO, B. Maternal mortality and access to obstetric services in West Africa. Tropical Medicine and International Health 8(10). Oct. 2003.
48. ROY, K.K., VAIJYANATH, A.M., SINHA, A., DEKA, D., and TAKKAR, D. Sexual trauma: An unusual case of a vesicovagi-nal fistula. [Case Report]. European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology 101(1): 89-90. Feb. 2002.
49. SADIK, N. Ending fistula. Presented at the South Asian Conference for the Prevention and Treatment of Fistula, Dhaka, Dec. 11, 2003. United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA).
50. SAFE MOTHERHOOD TECHNICAL CONSULTATION. Safe motherhood action agenda: Priorities for the next decade. [Conference Report]. Colombo, Sri Lanka, 1998.
51. SIMMS, J.M. Silver sutures in surgery, the anniversary discourse before the New York Academy of Medicine. New York, Wood, 1858.
52. STEINER, A.K. The problem of post-partum fistulas in developing countries. Acta Tropica 62: 217-223. 1996.
53. TAHZIB, R. Epidemiological determinants of vesicovaginal fistulas. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 90: 387-391. 1983.
*54. THADDEUS, S. and MAINE, D. Too far to walk: Maternal mortality in context. Social Science and Medicine 38: 1091-1110. 1994.
55. TURMEN, T. Making pregnancy safer in rural areas. Geneva, World Health Organization, Apr. 2003. 5 p.
56. UNITED NATIONS (UN). Fact sheet no. 23: Harmful traditional practices affecting the health of women and children. 1995. 39 p. (Available: <http://www.unhchr.ch/html/menu6/2/fs23.htm>, Accessed Mar. 16, 2004)
*57. UNITED NATIONS POPULATION FUND (UNFPA). The second meeting of the working group for the prevention and treatment of obstetric fistula. [Report]. 2002. (Available: <http://www.unfpa.org/upload/lib_pub_file/146_filename_fistula_kgroup02.pdf>, Accessed Sep. 17, 2004)
*58. UNITED NATIONS POPULATION FUND (UNFPA). Campaign to end fistula. (Available: <http://www.unfpa.org/fistula/index.htm> UNFPA, Accessed Oct. 8, 2003.
59. UNITED NATIONS POPULATION FUND (UNFPA). Fistula campaign news. Issue #1 [Newsletter], UNFPA, Sept. 2003.
*60. UNITED NATIONS POPULATION FUND (UNFPA). South Asia conference for the prevention and treatment of obstetric fistula. [Draft]. 2004.
61. UNITED NATIONS POPULATION FUND (UNFPA). UNFPA Sudan news. No. 2, Feb. 2004.
*62. UNITED NATIONS POPULATION FUND (UNFPA), COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY, and THE INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION OF GYNECOLOGY AND OBSTETRICS (FIGO). Report on the meeting for the prevention and treatment of obstetric fistula. London, United Nations Population Fund, Jul. 2001. 24 p.
*63. UNITED NATIONS POPULATION FUND (UNFPA) and ENGENDERHEALTH. Obstetric fistula needs assessment report: Findings from nine African countries. [Report]. New York, United Nations Population Fund and EngenderHealth, 2003. 95 p. (Available: <http://www.unfpa.org/upload/lib_pub_file/186_filename_fistula-needs-assessment.pdf>, Accessed Sep. 17, 2004)
64. VANGEENDERHUYSEN, D., PRUAL, A., and OULD EL JOUD, D. Obstetric fistulae: Incidence estimates for sub-Saharan Africa. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics 73(1): 65-66. Apr. 2001.
65. WAALDIJK, K. The (surgical) management of bladder fistula in 775 women in northern Nigeria. Doctoral thesis, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, 1989. 85 p.
66. WAALDIJK, K. Step-by-step surgery of vesico-vaginal fistulas. Edinburgh, Scotland, Campion Press Limited, 1994. 103 p.
67. WAALDIJK, K. Immediate indwelling bladder catheterization at postpartum urine leakage: Personal experience of 1200 patients. Tropical Doctor 27: 227-228. 1997.
68. WAIZ, N.K., FARUQUL, M., BEGUM, A., SULTANA, N., SARKER, S., and FAISEL, A.J. Situation analysis of obstetric fistula in Bangladesh. Dhaka, Bangladesh, EngenderHealth, Sep. 2003. 43 p.
69. WALL, L.L. Dead mothers and injured wives: The social context of maternal morbidity and mortality among the Hausa of northern Nigeria. Studies in Family Planning 29(4): 341-359. Dec. 1998. (Available: <http://www.wfmic.org/Dead%20mothers.pdf>, Accessed Sep. 28, 2004)
*70. WALL, L.L. The obstetric vesicovaginal fistula: Characteristics of 899 patients from Jos, Nigeria. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 190: 1011-1019. 2004.
*71. WALL, L.L., ARROWSMITH, S., BRIGGS, N.S., and LASEY, A. Urinary incontinence in the developing world: The obstetric fistula. Proceedings of the Second International Consultation on Urinary Incontinence, Paris, Jul. 1-3, 2001. Committee on Urinary Incontinence in the Developing World, p. 1-67. (Available: <http://www.wfmic.org/chap12.pdf>, Accessed Sep. 28, 2004)
72. WAX, E. A brutal legacy of Congo war. Washington Post. Oct. 25, 2003. (Available: <http://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn?pagename=article&contentId=A14059-2003Oct24&Found=true>, Accessed Apr. 9, 2004)
73. WEGNER, M.N. (EngenderHealth) [Fistula working group: Needs assessments] Personal communication, Apr. 23, 2004.
74. WEGNER, M.N. (EngenderHealth) [Gynecologic fistula] Personal communication, Apr. 7, 2004.
*75. WOMEN’S DIGNITY PROJECT (WDP). Tanzania fistula survey. Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, United Nations Population Fund, Tanzania Ministry of Health and Women’s Dignity Project, Aug. 2002. 40 p.
*76. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO). World Health Organization partograph in management of labour. Lancet 343(8910): 1399-1404. Jun. 4, 1994.
77. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO). Communicating family planning in reproductive health. Geneva, WHO, 1997. (Available: <http://www.who.int/reproductive-health/publications/fpp_97_33/fpp_97_33_4.en.html>, Accessed Jan. 1, 2004)
78. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO). Trends: Global situation in reproductive and family health. 2000. (Reproductive Health Focus) (Available: <http://www.wpro.who.int/themes_focuses/theme2/focus3/trends/trends1.htm>, Accessed Jun. 21, 2004)
79. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO), UNITED NATIONS POPULATION FUND (UNFPA), UNITED NATIONS CHILDREN’S FUND (UNICEF), and WORLD BANK. Reduction of maternal mortality. Geneva, WHO, 1999.
80. WORLDWIDE FISTULA FUND. The hidden epidemic: Maternal morbidity and mortality. (Available: <http://www.wfmic.org/hidden_epidemic.htm>, Accessed Sep. 27, 2004)
81. ZACHARIN, R.F. A history of obstetric vesico-vaginal fistula. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Surgery 70: 851-854. 2000.
Addendum
82. World Health Organization (WHO). Managing complications in pregnancy and childbirth: A guide for midwives and doctors. Geneva, WHO, 2002. (Available: <http://www.who.int/reproductive-health/impac/>, Accessed Sep. 28, 2004)
Références photographiques :
index.shtml, WHO/P. Virot
fistula2.shtml, Women’s Dignity Project
fistula3.shtml, JHU/CCP*
fistula4.shtml, WHO/P. Virot
fistula5.shtml, JHU/CCP*
casestudies.shtml, WHO/P. Virot
Autres références :
fistula5.shtml, partographe reproduit avec la permission
de l’OMS
*Photos offertes par Photoshare, un service de l’INFO Project à www.photoshare.org. |
