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Volume 5, Number 35
29 August 2005
Due to the upcoming holiday weekend, The Pop Reporter will publish its next issue on Tuesday, September 6. If you have an event or resource (report, article, etc.) you would like to be considered for inclusion in The Pop Reporter, send your information to Robert Jacoby at rjacoby@jhuccp.org.
FAMILY PLANNING/REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH RESEARCH
Coherence and correspondence criteria for rationality: experts' estimation of risks of sexually transmitted infections
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Global)
Journal of Behavioral Decision Making. 2005 Jul 13;18(3):169-186.
Adam MB | Reyna VF
This study examines both coherence and correspondence criteria for rationality in experts' judgments of risk. The authors investigated biases in risk estimation for STIs predicted by fuzzy-trace theory, i.e., that specific errors would occur despite experts' knowledge of correct responses. Experts misestimated risk, overestimated the effectiveness of condoms, and also suffered from processing biases. Biases were linked to gist representations, retrieval failures, and processing errors, as opposed to knowledge about STIs.
The epidemiology of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 infection in low-income urban populations in coastal Peru
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; South America)
Sexually Transmitted Diseases. 2005 Sept;32(9):534-541.
Konda KA | Klausner JD | Lescano AG | Leon S | Jones FR | Pajuelo J | Caceres CF | Coates TJ | The NIMH Collaborative HIV/STI Prevention Trial Group
This study determined the epidemiology of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) in general and socially marginalized populations of low-income, urban, coastal Peru. In the socially marginalized population, HSV-2 prevalence was 72.3% in men who have sex only with men, 42.5% in women, and 20.7% in men. In the general population, HSV-2 prevalence was 20.5% in women and 7.1% in men. In all groups except the male general population, HSV-2 prevalence increased with age or number of sexually active years.
Trends in the timing of first marriage among men and women in the developing world 
(Working Paper; Global)
(You need Adobe Acrobat Reader to access this document)
New York, NY, The Population Council, 2005.
Mensch BS | Singh S | Casterline JB
The timing of first union merits investigation not only because of the close temporal link between marriage and the onset of childbearing, but also because the age when men and women marry has implications for the organization of family life and for gender relations within society. This paper begins by reviewing the contributions of various social science disciplines to an understanding of the timing of marriage. It then examines recent trends in the timing of first marriage or union for men and women in the developing world.
Integration of sexual and reproductive health services in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Sub-Saharan Africa)
Health Policy and Planning. 2005 Sept;20(5):310-318.
Maharaj P | Cleland J
The practical realities of integration in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, were examined from the perspective of both providers and clients. The majority of clients would have welcomed any assessment of reproductive and sexual health needs over and above their main presenting need and many were classified as being in need, particularly for advice and services with regard to sexually transmitted infections, including HIV. Most providers were positive about integration, but their ability to practice an active form of integration was limited by inadequate training and time constraints.
Sexually transmitted infections in female sex workers in five border provinces of Vietnam
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Asia)
Sexually Transmitted Diseases. 2005 Sept;32(9):550-556.
Thuong NV | Long NT | Hung ND | Truc LTT | Nhung VTT | Van CTB | O'Farrell N
The goal of this study was to determine 1) the prevalence of selected STIs and correlates of chlamydia or gonococcal infection, and 2) contraceptive practices, STI-related symptoms, and healthcare-seeking behavior in FSWs in border provinces of Vietnam. Overall, the prevalences of syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, and gonorrhea/chlamydia among FSWs in the five border provinces were 10.7%, 10.7%, 11.9%, and 19.9%, respectively.
FAMILY PLANNING/REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH NEWS
PAC breaks silence on HIV and AIDS, reproductive health
(News Article; Sub-Saharan Africa)
25 Aug 2005
The Chronicle Newspaper (Lilongwe)
The Public Affairs Committee (PAC), an organization comprising various faith groups in the malawi, says it has joined the fight to help break the silence existing in churches on HIV and AIDS by embarking on sensitization meetings about the pandemic.
Whatever happened to the Femidom?
(News Article; Global)
23 Aug 2005;
The Guardian
Since it was launched to such hype 13 years ago, the female condom has vanished without trace - from UK shelves, at least. But in other parts of the world it has quite literally proved a lifesaver.
Taiwan drops ad featuring nun holding condom
(News Article; Asia)
25 Aug 2005
Reuters
Taiwan has withdrawn an anti-AIDS campaign ad featuring a smiling nun holding a condom after it sparked an outcry from Roman Catholics. The poster, which shows the nun holding the condom with both hands and saying "Although I don't need one, even I know", had been removed from all condom machines in Taipei hospitals, subway stations and elsewhere.
FDA dragging its heels yet again over 'morning after' pill Plan B
(News Article; North America)
29 Aug 2005
News-Medical.Net
Women in the U.S., unlike their counterparts in the UK and other countries, will still be denied easy access to the 'morning after' contraceptive pill, Plan B, after a decision by the Food and Drug Administration to yet again delay ruling on over-the-counter sales.
Condom crisis deepens in Uganda
(News Article; Sub-Saharan Africa)
(You need Adobe Acrobat Reader to access this document)
26 Aug 2005
Center for Health and Gender Equity
Related Compilation: Ugandan condom crisis background documents
Related News Article: Uganda: No shortage of condoms
U.S. and Ugandan government policies are exacerbating a dramatic condom shortage in Uganda, the African country best known for its successful HIV prevention efforts, according to the US-based Center for Health and Gender Equity. In a related article, the BBC reports that the Ugandan government has rejected these reports, quoting a senior official at the ministry of health as saying, "We have enough condoms. We just procured 65 million condoms about two months ago and another 80 million is on the way, so there is no shortage of condoms in the country."
FAMILY PLANNING/REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH LAW AND POLICY
Women's reproductive rights on the margins at September's UN summit
(News Article; Global)
August 2005
Population Reference Bureau
This article is adapted with permission from a forthcoming report commissioned by the Population Program of the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation and it expounds on the importance of women's reproductive rights in reducing poverty at the grass roots, a point not officially recognized for the September Millenium Project UN meeting.
Best practices in financial sustainability plans for immunization programs
(Working Paper; Global)
(You need Adobe Acrobat Reader to access this document)
Bethesda, MD, ABT Associates Inc., 2005.
Gadhia R | Makinen M
This paper examines the nominated “best practices” in financial sustainability plans (FSPs) submitted to the Global Alliance on Vaccines and Immunizations in late 2003. It develops and applies a method for identifying a “best practice.” The result is the classification of practices in seven areas of FSP preparation from eight countries as some form of good practice.
Chinese to file suit over forced abortions
(News Article; Asia)
28 Aug 2005
The Washington Post
Since March, the farmers said, local authorities had been raiding the homes of families with two children and demanding at least one parent be sterilized. Women pregnant with a third child were forced to have abortions. And if people tried to hide, the officials jailed their relatives and neighbors, beating them and holding them hostage until the fugitives turned themselves in. Now, an activist is preparing an unlikely challenge to the crackdown: a class-action lawsuit.
HIV/AIDS RESEARCH
Risk behaviors and HIV/AIDS prevention education among IDUs in drug treatment in Shanghai
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Asia)
Journal of Urban Health. 2005 Sept 1;82(3):84-91.
Zhao M | Wang QY | Lu GH | Xu P | Xu H | McCoy CB
The authors estimated seroincidence of HIV, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus, and the prevalence of risk behaviors among injection drug users (IDUs) who accepted inpatient detoxification by 14-day methadone tapering treatment in Shanghai. They also evaluated the effect of an HIV/AIDS prevention education intervention on those IDUs. This study confirmed that IDUs in Shanghai are a high-risk population for blood-borne diseases such as hepatitis B and hepatitis C and HIV. HIV/AIDS prevention education increased HIV knowledge, improved understanding of HIV prevention methods, and changed attitudes toward HIV/AIDS.
The influence of HIV/AIDS on the practice of primary care nurses in Jordan: Rhetoric and reality
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Middle East)
International Journal of Nurse Practitioners. 2005 Oct;11(5):200.
Nawafleh H | Francis K | Chapman Y |
This interpretive ethnographic study sought to illuminate the role of primary care nurses and examine the influence of HIV/AIDS on their practice in Jordan. Poor resources and educational preparation, a limited nursing skill mix and access to professional development, lack of nursing leadership and role models, cultural beliefs and geographic isolation are factors that reduced the capacity of the primary care nurses to raise awareness and, therefore, influence the prevention and control of HIV/AIDS.
HIV knowledge and risk behaviors among women in law enforcement in Bogota, Colombia: potential role as community educators
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; South America)
Journal of Urban Health. 2005 Sept;82(3):43-57.
Miguez-Burbano MJ | de Pool I | Hadrigan S | Jackson J Jr | Angarita I | Then EP | Burbano X | Shor-Posner G
Because of their frequent and accepted contact with members of the community, female law officers in Colombia, if knowledgeable, could be well suited to provide information/education related to HIV/STD transmission. This article demonstrates that with the proper training, women in law enforcement could be useful educators for the general population.
Expediting the transfer of funds for HIV/AIDS services
(Working Paper; Global)
(You need Adobe Acrobat Reader to access this document)
Management Sciences for Health, 2005.
Chesnais P | Lewis E | Helfenbein S
Over the last few years, the shift in responses from mainly preventive activities to mitigating activities has again positioned civil society organizations as the primary implementers of programs that draw on new funding opportunities from the Global Fund, President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), and the World Bank’s Multi-Country HIV/AIDS Program for Africa (MAP). This paper discusses the problem of civil society organizations that frequently do not have the capacity to take on the management burdens that come with the new funds to enable them to do this work.
Convergence of behaviour change models for AIDS risk reduction in sub-Saharan Africa
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Sub-Saharan Africa)
The International Journal of Health Planning and Management. 20(3):239-252.
Odutolu O
This paper argues for evidence-based behavior change interventions in sub-Saharan Africa and revisits the behavior change theories and their relevance to the African situation. It proposes an integration of models based on the convergence of three existing theories of social learning, diffusion of innovation and social networks, and the author's understanding of some African culture.
Prevalence of STI/HIV co-infections among special treatment clinic attendees in Ibadan, Nigeria
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Asia)
Journal of The Royal Society for the Promotion of Health. 2005 Jul;125(4):186-186.
Kehinde AO | Lawoyin TO
This study was carried out to ascertain STI/HIV co-infection rates and also to obtain relevant socio-demographic and reproductive health data associated with STI/HIV infections among special treatment clinic (STC) attendees. The study's HIV prevalence rate was 21.9%. STI/HIV co-infection rate was significantly higher among unskilled and unemployed patients compared with professional and skilled workers.
Evaluation of an HIV/AIDS peer education programme in a South African workplace
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Sub-Saharan Africa)
South African Medical Journal. 2005;95(4):261-264.
Sloan NM | Myers JE
This paper evaluates a South African workplace HIV/AIDS peer-education program running since 1997. Training by peer educators had no significant impact on any outcome. The HIV peer-education program was found to be ineffective and may have involved an opportunity cost. The program contrasts with more costly comprehensive care that includes antiretrovirals.
HIV/AIDS NEWS
Beijing sees 53.2 percent rise in reported HIV carriers
(News Article; Asia)
27 Aug 2005
People's Daily Online
Beijing found 311 HIV carriers, including 54 suffering from AIDS, in the first 7 months of this year, up 53.2% and 42.1%, respectively, over the corresponding period last year.
UNDP, Nepal sign agreement to fight HIV/AIDS
(News Article; Asia)
25 Aug 2005
People's Daily Online
Nepal has signed an agreement with the United Nations Development Program to fight HIV/AIDS in the country, according to the Federation of Nepalese Chambers of Commerce and Industry.
Kazakhstan: Fight against HIV/AIDS continues
(Feature Article; Asia)
23 Aug 2005
Integrated Regional Information Networks
Efforts to mitigate the spread of HIV/AIDS in Kazakhstan are proceeding well, despite an increase in rates of sexual transmission. Central Asia's largest state enjoys a relatively low prevalence of the disease.
AU not happy with continent’s handling of HIV/AIDS
(News Article; North Africa | Sub-Saharan Africa)
24 Aug 2005
SABC News
The African Union has accused the continent's health ministers of not doing enough to curb the spread of HIV/AIDS epidemic. This emerged at the 55th Afro-World Health Organization conference held in Maputo, Mozambique.
Soviet ghosts haunt Kazakh AIDS policy
(Feature Article; Asia)
27 Aug 2005
BBC News
In Kazakhstan, more than 5,000 people are formally registered as having HIV-AIDS, but officials say the actual total is more than 13,000, in a population of about 15 million. one of the difficulties in addressing this is that most people in Kazakhstan still have very conservative attitudes to these marginalised groups, a legacy in part of the Soviet era.
Uganda stocks AIDS drugs for six years
(News Article; Sub-Saharan Africa)
25 Aug 2005
The Monitor
Uganda has stocked anti-retroviral drugs for the next six years, the Deputy Executive Director of the AIDS Support Organization has said.
S Africa tackles AIDS with SMS
(News Article; Sub-Saharan Africa)
25 Aug 2005
The Navhind Times
In South Africa, specially tailored mobile phones are programmed with a list of questions aimed at monitoring patients on anti-retroviral drugs.
Topless virgins vie for king in AIDS-hit Swaziland
(News Article; Sub-Saharan Africa)
29 Aug 2005
Reuters
Related News Article: Swazis irritated by foreign ridicule
More than 50,000 bare-breasted virgins vied to become the King of Swaziland's 13th wife on Monday in a ceremony which critics say ill befits a country with the world's highest HIV/AIDS rate. Meanwhile, Swazis from all walks of life are growing increasingly irritated with the manner in which this key cultural celebration and the Swazi monarchy are held up to ridicule.
Uganda: Global fund suspends anti-AIDS grants
(News Article; Sub-Saharan Africa)
24 Aug 2005
Integrated Regional Information Network
Related News Article: Uganda: Government to probe use of anti-AIDS grants
The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria recently announced a suspension of all its grants to Uganda due to "evidence of serious mismanagement" of the funds.
MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH RESEARCH
Use of multiple opportunities for improving feeding practices in under-twos within child health programmes
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Asia)
Health Policy and Planning. 2005 Sept;20(5):328-336.
Bhandari N | Mazumder S | Bahl R | Martines J | Black RE | Bhan MK
Researchers aimed to promote exclusive breastfeeding and appropriate complementary feeding practices in under-twos to ascertain the feasibility of using available channels for nutrition counselling, their relative performance, and the relationship between intensity of counselling and behavior change. Results showed that using multiple available opportunities and workers for counselling caregivers was feasible, resulted in high coverage and impact, and instead of disrupting ongoing services, resulted in their improvement.
Improving knowledge of antenatal care (ANC) among pregnant women: a field trial in Central Java, Indonesia
(Abstract; Asia)
Asian-Pacific Journal of Public Health. 2005;17(1):3-8.
Nuraini E | Parker E
The purpose of this study was to ascertain if a new approach to antenatal care can improve pregnant women’s knowledge of its benefits. The improvement of knowledge was significantly influenced by the respondents’ educational back ground and socio-economic status.
Progress and emerging challenges in preventing mother-to-child transmission
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Sub-Saharan Africa)
Current Infectious Disease Reports. 2005 Sept;7(5):393-400.
Chersich MF | Gray GE
This review summarizes the programmatic and evidence-based reasons for adopting a standardized approach to long-course, triple-drug mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) prophylaxis in sub-Saharan Africa. Antiretroviral treatment programs in resource-constrained settings have achieved similar levels of effectiveness as high-income countries, despite adopting standardized approaches to antiretroviral treatment. Similarly, in resource-constrained settings with adequate infrastructure and programmatic capacity, use of standardized, long-course, triple-drug regimens for MTCT prevention are likely to achieve levels of effectiveness seen in Brazil, Europe, and the United States.
Understanding and addressing childhood immunization coverage in urban slums
(Research Article; Asia)
(You need Adobe Acrobat Reader to access this document)
Indian Pediatrics. 2005 Jul 17;42:653-663.
Agarwal S | Bhanot A | Goindi G
This paper attempts to understand the current scenario and
challenges in improving immunization coverage in urban
slums; immunization being one of the most successful
public health interventions of the past century. It also discusses possible mechanisms for effectively reaching the often left-out urban poor. Coordinated activities by the multitude of providers, accurate information based outreach, effective monitoring and community enablement to demand quality services are critical for improving utilization of immunization services by a heterogeneous urban poor population.
The effect of community nurses and health volunteers on child mortality: The Navrongo Community Health and Family Planning Project
(Working Paper; Sub-Saharan Africa)
(You need Adobe Acrobat Reader to access this document)
The Population Council, 2005.
Pence BW | Nyarko P | Phillips JF | Debpuur C
This report presents the child mortality impact of a trial of primary health-care servicedelivery strategies in rural Ghana. After adjustment for sociodemographic factors, underfive mortality in areas with village-based community-nurse services fell by 16% during the five years of program implementation compared with mortality before the intervention. The results suggest that convenient, accessible professional medical care can reduce child mortality in impoverished African settings. They raise questions, however, about the benefits to children’s survival of relying on community volunteers.
MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH NEWS
Mozambique moves to save "AIDS fetuses"
(News Article; Sub-Saharan Africa)
23 Aug 2005
IslamOnline.net
Already fighting a high HIV prevalence, Mozambique has moved in cooperation with world bodies to nip the deadly virus in the bud by trying to prevent its transmission from HIV-positive pregnant mothers to fetuses.
Mothers, babies receive better care in Tibet
(Feature Article; Asia)
25 Aug 2005
Xinhuanet
In recent years, with a large investment from the central government and co-operation between China's Ministry of Health and the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), the maternal and infant mortality rates have decreased sharply in the Tibetan region.
Birth Registration Called Fundamental to Alleviating Health Disparities
(Feature Article; Global)
Aug 2005
Population Reference Bureau
A new campaign by UNICEF and the nonprofit development organization Plan is pushing governments and the United Nations to recognize birth registration as a basic human right. "Having an identity is children's first right," said Maja Cubarrubia, Plan USA 's chief operating officer. "Once they have that, they can get access to other essential services."
MEN'S HEALTH RESEARCH
Patterns of condom use: Perspectives of men in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Sub-Saharan Africa)
Development Southern Africa. 2005 Jun;22(2):187-197.
Maharaj P
The aim of this article is to explore the extent and determinants of condom use inside and outside the primary sexual relationships. The study found that knowledge about condoms, as a method of dual protection against the risk of pregnancy and disease, is high. Despite this, condoms are not a popular method of protection, especially within the primary sexual relationship. Consistent with numerous other studies, this study found widespread disapproval of condom use.
POPULATION RESEARCH
Active life expectancy and functional limitations among older Cambodians: Results from a 2004 survey
(Working Paper; Asia)
(You need Adobe Acrobat Reader to access this document)
New York, NY, The Population Council, 2005.
Zimmer Z
This study’s aims were to: 1) determine the prevalence of functional limitations among older adults in Cambodia using activities of daily living (ADLs); 2) compare limitation prevalence with other countries in the region; 3) estimate active life expectancy; 4) examine standard correlates of functional status and assess whether they are associated
with limitation in expected ways. Results were generally consistent with expectations. For example, women live longer than men but spend a greater proportion of life with limitations, and older age is related to higher rates of limitation and less active life.
Global demographic change: Dimensions and economic significance
(Working Paper; Global)
(You need Adobe Acrobat Reader to access this document)
Harvard Initiative for Global Health, 2005.
Bloom DE | Canning D
This paper explores the implications of demographic change for macroeconomic performance. Section II reviews major features of the global demographic scene and its evolution. Section III sets out a simple model of economic growth that allows for possible demographic effects. Section IV examines the labor supply, savings, and education channels through which these demographic factors may affect economic growth, either because of accounting or behavior. Special attention is paid to population health and age structure as missing factors in a unified explanation of such disparate phenomena as East Asia’s “economic miracle” and sub-Saharan Africa’s economic debacle.
2005 World Population Data Sheet
(Chart; Global)
Population Reference Bureau, 2005.
The Population Reference Bureau's 2005 World Population Data Sheet provides new and essential information on just how much separates rich from poor.
POPULATION NEWS
Macao logs world highest population density
(News Article; Asia)
25 Aug 2005
Xinhuanet
Macao recorded the world highest population density of 17,309 per square kilometer on June 30, according to official statistics issued recently.
Number of births hits record low in S. Korea
(News Article; Asia)
24 Aug 2005
People's Daily Online
The number of childbirths fell to an all-time low last year as an increasing number of S. Korean women are getting married at a later age and having fewer children.
WOMEN'S HEALTH RESEARCH
Developing an HIV intervention for indigent women substance abusers in the United States Virgin Islands
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Central America and the Caribbean)
Journal of Urban Health. 2005 Sept 1;82(3):74-83.
Surratt HL | Inciardi JA
This article describes an initiative to develop an HIV prevention-intervention protocol for the cultural context of substance abusing women in the US Virgin Islands. Through street-based survey research combined with focus groups and in-depth interviews with such "cultural insiders" as members of the substance-abusing target population, members of the local public health and social services system, and community leaders, a culturally sensitive HIV/AIDS protocol was developed which addresses the supports and barriers to risk reduction faced by substance abusing women in the Virgin Islands.
Influence of partner participation on sexual risk behavior reduction among HIV-positive Zambian women
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Sub-Saharan Africa)
Journal of Urban Health. 2005 Sept 1;84(4):92-100.
Jones DL | Ross D | Weiss SM | Bhat G | Chitalu N
Sexual risk behavior interventions in sub-Saharan Africa focus predominantly on individual and couples counseling. This cognitive-behavioral group intervention was adapted from an urban US context to urban Zambia. Preliminary data analyses assessed the influence of partner participation on sexual risk behavior among HIV-positive Zambian women. Findings highlight the influence of male partners in implementation of effective risk reduction interventions.
Reaching the tipping point against female genital mutilation
(Research Article; Global)
(You need Adobe Acrobat Reader to access this document)
The Lancet. 366(9483):347-349.
Shaaban LM | Harbison S
The authors review successful programs to eradicate the practice of female genital mutilation.
WOMEN'S HEALTH NEWS
China strengthens prevention, treatment of HIV/AIDS among women: white paper
(News Article; Asia)
24 Aug 2005
People's Daily Online
China is strengthening the prevention and treatment of HIV/AIDS among women, according to a white paper titled Gender Equality and Women's Development in China, issued by the Information Office of China's State Council.
YOUTH HEALTH RESEARCH
Evaluation of the parents as primary sexuality educators program
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; North America)
Journal of Adolescent Health. 2005 Sept;37(3):S94-S99.
Klein JD | Sabaratnam P | Pazos B | Auerbach MM | Havens CG | Brach MJ
This study determined the effectiveness of a sexuality education program designed to help parents become more confident and competent in communicating with their children about sex and sexuality. The Parents as Primary Sexuality Educators program may be an effective way to increase parent-child communication about health, sexuality, and values. Enhancing parents' ability to communicate expectations and values about sexuality may help support children in making healthy decisions about sexual behavior as adolescents.
Predictors of STI vaccine acceptability among parents and their adolescent children
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; North America)
Journal of Adolescent Health. 2005 Sept;37(3):179-186.
Zimet GD | Perkins SM | Sturm LA | Bair RM | Juliar BE | Mays RM
This study identified attitudes and behavioral factors associated with parental intent to vaccinate their adolescent children against STIs and adolescent intent to accept vaccination for the prevention of STIs. The majority of parents and their adolescent children found STI vaccination very acceptable, suggesting that there will be great interest in these vaccines once they become available.
Child Maltreatment 2003
(Report; North America)
Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 2005
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration on Children, Youth and Families.
An estimated 906,000 children were determined to be victims of child abuse or neglect for 2003. The rate of victimization per 1,000 children in the national population has dropped from 13.4 children in 1990 to 12.4 children in 2003. Approximately 80% of perpetrators were parents. Women comprised a larger percentage of all perpetrators than men, 58% compared to 42%.
HIV in Adolescents
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Global)
Current Infectious Disease Reports. 2005 Sept;7(5):401-405.
Catallozzi M | Futterman D
This article reviews the most recent epidemiology of HIV/AIDS in adolescents, gives guidance on clinical practice, including medical and psychosocial care, and examines prevention issues, including counseling and testing, which are needed to make programs effective for youth.
YOUTH HEALTH NEWS
Early marriage in Bangladesh: Still highest in Asia; Almost half of Bangladeshi women marry before age 20
(Press Release; Asia)
24 Aug 2005
PRNewswire
Related Fact Sheet: 2004 MEASURE DHS
Early marriage and childbearing remain major obstacles to further fertility decline in Bangladesh. Almost half of women marry before age 20. This is the highest rate of early marriage in Asia and among the highest worldwide.
Swaziland: Traditional chastity vow may have lowered teenage HIV rates
(News Article; Sub-Saharan Africa)
23 Aug 2005
Integrated Regional Information Networks
As a generation of young Swazi women end a 5-year vow of chastity in a traditional ceremony this week, health officials are debating the impact of the custom on reducing the risk of HIV infection.
SPECIAL REPORTS/PROFILES/RESOURCES
Global Advocates' Country Database
(Tool; Global)
Population Action International, 2005.
This new tool from Population Action International compiles
and presents information on 192 countries across a variety of indicators.
Health and the Millenium Development Goals
(Report; North Africa | Sub-Saharan Africa)
(You need Adobe Acrobat Reader to access this document)
World Health Organization, 2005.
World Health Organization
The report, Health and the Millennium Development Goals, presents data on progress on the health goals and targets and looks beyond the numbers to analyze why improvements in health have been slow and to suggest what must be done to change this. The report points to weak and inequitable health systems as a key obstacle, including particularly a crisis in health personnel and the urgent need for sustainable health financing.
Calendar of Events
June 21, 2006 - June 23, 200614th International Symposium on HIV & Emerging Infectious Diseases
Over the years, the ISHEID has acquired international renown, and welcomed numerous prestigious speakers. This next edition will not stray from our initial vocation: to be a center stage for state-of-the-art scientific data. The Symposium is also an opportunity to present original –and sometimes hitherto unpublished- work in the fields of HIV infection, plus viral hepatitis and emerging infectious diseases; we are keen to increase focus on these latter aspects each time. Aside from guest speakers and poster exhibits, the program also includes symposia of high scientific interest presented by the pharmaceutical industry and more interactive sessions, in the aim of reinforcing the vital link between theory and practice.
Event Location: Toulon, France
August 13, 2006 - August 18, 2006
XVI International AIDS Conference
AIDS2006 Toronto will bring together over twelve thousand participants to share current knowledge on a full spectrum of issues about the global HIV/AIDS epidemic. The International AIDS Conference is open to people from around the world, and aims to advance knowledge of HIV/AIDS in all its medical, social, scientific, community, and political aspects. Conference participants will include researchers, clinicians, community organizations, government personnel, and people living with HIV/AIDS.
Event Location: Toronto, Ontario, Canada
October 19, 2006 - October 21, 2006
22nd IUSTI-Europe Conference on Sexually Transmitted Infections
This conference will be an excellent opportunity for dermatovenereologists, genito-urinary medicine, infectious diseases and HIV physicians as well as microbiologists from all over the world to share skills and experience and discuss the latest advances and progress in clinical works, basic sciences, epidemiology and research in HIV and STIs.
Event Location: Versailles, France
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