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Volume 5, Number 36
6 September 2005
If you have an event or resource (report, article, etc.) you would like to be considered for inclusion in The Pop Reporter, send your information to Robert Jacoby at rjacoby@jhuccp.org.
FAMILY PLANNING/REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH RESEARCH
Contraceptive awareness and use among sexually active breast feeding mothers in Ile-Ife, Nigeria
(Abstract; Sub-Saharan Africa)
East African Medical Journal. 2005 May;82(5):250-255.
Ijadunola KT | Orji EO | Ajibade FO
This study assessed the level of awareness and correlates of use of family planning services among sexually active breastfeeding mothers attending an infant welfare clinic in Nigeria. Results indicate there is a high level of contraceptive awareness but low contraceptive use among breast feeding mothers in Nigeria, with a majority of non-users depending on the perceived contraceptive effects of breastfeeding.
Sexually transmitted diseases and HIV/AIDS in Vanuatu: a cause for concern and action
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Oceania)
The New Zealand Journal of Medicine. 2005 Aug 12;118(1220):1610.
Zenner D | Russell S
This article argues that STIs and HIV/AIDS in Vanuatu are a cause for concern and that a strong response is needed to stem an epidemic. Although Vanuatu Ministry of Health (MoH) case records for gonorrhoea, genital ulceration, and syphilis show national prevalence rates have remained relatively constant between 1.2% and 2%, there is probably gross under-reporting because MoH data exclude trichomoniasis and chlamydiasis cases; surveillance systems are poor; and patient access to services is limited. High STI prevalence and several socioeconomic factors create a high-risk environment for the rapid spread of HIV/AIDS.
FAMILY PLANNING/REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH NEWS
Concern over misuse of morning after pill
(News Article; Asia)
2 Sept 2005
NDTV.com
The use of the controversial morning after pill can often prove to be a health hazard for many unwed women who use it as a last resort. The simple reason being that the morning after pill was never designed as a contraceptive. But the easy availability of the pill, which can be bought from a chemist without a prescription or even a note, has sparked off a debate.
Condom sales get a cold shower
(News Article; Asia)
4 Sept 2005
Hindustan Times
In India, commercial condoms sales have been flagging at an alarming rate of 10% over the last 2 years. And now it’s being widely felt that the high-pitched AIDS campaign — telling people to use the rubber so as not to get infected by the deadly virus — is turning on the cold shower.
Gov't provides free health check-up for married rural women
(Feature Article; Asia)
30 Aug 2005
Xinhua
The provincial family planning commission in China has launched a program which combines free reproductive health checks with routine birth control surveillance for the nine million women living in rural areas, said Zhao Xin, head of the Hebei Commission of Population and Family Planning.
Reproductive health services through mobile camps: SEWA experience in Gujarat
(Feature Article; Asia)
May 2005
Development OUTREACH
The Self-Employed Women Association (SEWA) is a trade union of women who earn a living through their own labor or small business, started by Ela Bhatt in 1972. Headquartered in Ahmedabad (Gujarat, India)the organization has two main goals. First, to organize women workers to achieve full employment, i.e. work security, income security, food security, and social security. Second, to make women individually and collectively self-reliant, economically independent and capable of making their own decisions. This article describes the success of mobile reproductive health camps run by SEWA.
FAMILY PLANNING/REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH LAW AND POLICY
Privilege of China's wealthiest: A 2nd child
(Feature Article; Asia)
2 Sept 2005
China Daily
According to the National Population and Family Planning Commission of China, families who can have two children are "at the two ends of the social scale." They are either so poor that the government never expects them to repay the fine, or so rich that the fine is meaningless. As China's economy and income skyrocket in recent years, the rich are finding it easy to evade the one-child policy.
China may reimpose compulsory pre-marriage physicals: Official
(News Article; Asia)
1 Sept 2005
CRIENGLISH.com
A senior health official says that the Chinese government may reimpose compulsory pre-marital physical check-up to address a sharp decline in couples taking the test since 2003 when compulsory check-ups were abolished.
Birth policy shifts from control to promotion
(News Article; Asia)
4 Sept 2005
The Korea Times
This article reports on the shift in Korea's family planning policies from control to promotion.
Resolution 47 promotes clinical contraception, drop in birth rate
(News Article; Asia)
29 Aug 2005
Vitenam News
The Politburo has issued Resolution 47 on population control and family planning. The chairman of the population department at the Viet Nam Committee for Population, Family and Children Pham Ba Nhat discusses the effects in this interview.
HIV/AIDS RESEARCH
Delivering antiretroviral therapy in resource-constrained settings: Lessons from Ghana, Kenya and Rwanda
(Report; Sub-Saharan Africa)
Family Health International, 2005.
In 2003, Family Health International (FHI) and its donor and country partners launched antiretroviral therapy (ART) "learning sites" in Ghana, Kenya, and Rwanda, hoping to demonstrate that ART services could be provided safely and effectively in resource-constrained settings. In the two years since the initial sites were launched, FHI and its partners have learned valuable lessons that can guide development and expansion of ART services in Africa and other regions. This report presents many of these, along with strategies, challenges and key recommendations. Comments by national and community leaders, providers and patients appear throughout the text to give readers a sense of the programs as they progressed.
Increasing condom use without reducing HIV risk: Results of a controlled community trial in Uganda
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Sub-Saharan Africa)
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. 2005 Sept 1;40(1):77-82.
Kajubi P | Kamya MR | Kamya S | Chen S | McFarland W | Hearst N
This study assesses the change in condom uptake and number of sex partners after a condom promotion trial in Kampala, Uganda. Men in the intervention group redeemed significantly more condom coupons than men in the control group. Men in the intervention group increased their number of sex partners by 0.31 compared with a decrease of 0.17 partners in the control group. Other measures did not support a net reduction in sexual risk in the intervention community compared with the control community and, in fact, showed trends in the opposite direction.
Media reporting of tenofovir trials in Cambodia and Cameroon 
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Asia | Sub-Saharan Africa)
(You need Adobe Acrobat Reader to access this document)
BMC International Health and Human Rights. 2005 Aug 24;5(6)
Mills EJ | Rachlis B | Wu P | Wong E | Heise L | Wilson K | Singh S
Two planned trials of pre-exposure prophylaxis tenofovir in Cambodia and Cameroon to prevent HIV infection in high-risk populations were closed due to activist pressure on host country governments. The international news media contributed substantially as the primary source of knowledge transfer regarding the trials. This study characterized the nature of reporting, specifically focusing on the issues identified by media reports regarding each trial. The primary reasons cited for the Cambodian trial closure were: a lack of medical insurance for trial related injuries (71%); human rights considerations (71%); study protocol concerns (46%); general suspicions regarding trial location (37%) and inadequate prevention counseling (29%). The primary reasons cited for the Cameroon trial closure were: inadequate access to care for seroconverters (69%); participants not sufficiently informed of risks (69%); inadequate number of staff (46%); participants being exploited (46%) and an unethical study design (38%).
Barriers and facilitators to antiretroviral medication adherence among patients with HIV in Chennai, India: A qualitative study
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Asia)
AIDS Patient Care and STDs. 2005 Aug;19(8):526-537.
Kumarasamy N | Safren SA | Raminani SR | Pickard R | James R | Krishnan AK | Solomon S | Mayer KH
This study examined barriers and facilitators of ART adherence among patients receiving HIV primary care at YRG CARE, a nongovernmental organization, in Chennai, India. Almost all of the participants discussed the cost of ART as a barrier, with many reporting extended drug holidays, turning to family and/or friends, or taking drastic measures for financial assistance. Other barriers centered on privacy and stigma issues, such as disclosure of HIV inhibiting pill-taking and social support. Frequently discussed facilitators of adherence included perceived benefits of ART and proper adherence, perceptions about the consequences of nonadherence, and social support, if available.
Developing an innovative cross-cultural strategy to promote HIV/AIDS prevention in different ethnic cultural groups of China
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Asia)
AIDS Care. 2005 Oct;17(7):874-891.
Wang S | Keats D
This study explored how to use cultural resources for developing an effective strategy for promoting HIV prevention in different cultural groups in China. The study examined the cultural appropriateness and effectiveness of peer-led health message diffusion in promoting condom use through a traditional oral communication approach. Key findings showed that the peer-based oral communication strategy was effective for encouraging condom use with casual sexual partners in both the direct training group and the indirect peer diffusion group in all three cultural groups.
How stigmatizing is Stigma in the life of people living with HIV: A study on HIV positive individuals from Chennai, South India
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Asia)
AIDS Care. 2005 Oct;17(7):795-801.
Thomas BE | Rehman F | Suryanarayanan D | Josephine K | Dilip M | Dorairaj VS | Swaminathan S
This study aims at understanding stigma among 203 HIV positive individuals from Chennai, South India. Findings show that actual stigma experienced among those infected with HIV is much less (26%) as compared to the fear of being stigmatized or perceived stigma (97%). Internalizing of stigma was found to have a highly significant negative correlation with quality of life in the psychological domain and a significant negative correlation in the environmental domain. However individuals who did experience actual stigma seemed more determined to live and experience an above moderate quality of life.
Handheld computers in support of HIV/AIDS treatment programs: Experiences and opportunities
(Unpublished Work; Sub-Saharan Africa)
(You need Adobe Acrobat Reader to access this document)
Ladd H
This presentation is from the Strategies for Enhancing Access to Medicines (SEAM) Program, held June 2005, in Accra, Ghana. The presentation reviews experiences to date, shares samples of forms and reference material currently being used in the field, and discusses the limits on this and other comparable ICT interventions.
Factors associated with wanting to know HIV results in South Africa
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Sub-Saharan Africa)
AIDS Patient Care and STDs. 2005 Aug;19(8):518-525.
Mwamburi DM | Dladla N | Qwana E | Lurie MN
The aim of this study was to determine the proportion of study subjects who wanted to know their HIV status and to describe factors associated with and reasons for wanting to know HIV results. The main reported reason for wanting HIV results was to protect themselves against future infections. In the multivariable model for women, number of dependents, partners of migrant men, and those who reported condom use were associated with wanting their HIV results. No factors were associated with wanting HIV results in men.
HIV/AIDS NEWS
Uganda calls in help for HIV fund
(News Article; Sub-Saharan Africa)
31 Aug 2005
BBC News
Uganda is to bring in an international firm of auditors, Ernst and Young, to temporarily oversee the management of funds for fighting AIDS. This follows the suspension of donor money amid accusations of financial mismanagement.
Tanzania: Some local healers help relieve AIDS; others are charlatans
(News Article; Sub-Saharan Africa)
1 Sept 2005
Integrated Regional Information Network
Government health officials in Tanzania acknowledged recently that services provided by many of the 75,000 registered local healers were beneficial to people living with HIV/AIDS, but the officials also warned that some healers were making false claims that they could cure the condition.
Ghana: Government ploughs ahead with plans to produce AIDS drugs locally
(News Article; Sub-Saharan Africa)
31 Aug 2005
Integrated Regional Information Network
A new plant has begun production of antiretroviral drugs as part of government plans to expand distribution of the life prolonging treatment for its HIV-positive citizens.
Beijing takes steps to cope with HIV/AIDS
(News Article; Asia)
2 Sept 2005
Xinhua
An increase in the number of people reported to be infected by HIV in Beijing is not a reason to sound the alarm bells about an AIDS outbreak, a World Health Organization official said recently.
MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH RESEARCH
Economic evaluation of HIV screening in pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in India
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Asia)
Health Policy. 2005 Aug 26;
Kumar M | Birch S | Maturana A | Gafni A
This study evaluated the additional costs to the health care system and the additional health outcomes of introducing a voluntary primary care HIV screening program for pregnant women in India. Nation-wide screening would cost the government Rs. 254.78 million and would prevent 9880 cases of perinatal HIV resulting in savings of 131,700 life years. Implementing the program in only the high prevalence states would achieve 45% of these reductions in cases and life years lost at only 20% of this cost, at an average of Rs. 12,091 per HIV case prevented or Rs (44 Indian rupees = US$ 1).
Knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs of health care workers regarding alternatives to prolonged breast-feeding (ANRS 1201/1202, Ditrame Plus, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire)
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Sub-Saharan Africa)
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. 2005 Sept 1;40(1):102-105.
Becquet R | Ekouevi DK | Sakarovitch C | Bequet L | Viho I |Tonwe-Gold B | Dabis F | Leroy V
The Ditrame Plus project conducted in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire, is aimed at the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in combining perinatal antiretroviral interventions with a systematic proposal of alternatives to prolonged breast-feeding: formula feeding from birth, or exclusive breast-feeding for 3 months then early cessation of breast-feeding. Researchers surveyed all health care workers involved in this project in November 2003 using a self-administered anonymous questionnaire to investigate their knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs regarding the infant feeding interventions proposed since March 2001. Their knowledge regarding infant practices proposed within the study was consistent and their attitude was in accordance with the study protocol.
Improving survival rates of newborn infants in South Africa
(Research Article; Sub-Saharan Africa)
(You need Adobe Acrobat Reader to access this document)
Reproductive Health. 11 Aug 2005;2(1):4.
Pattinson R | Woods D | Greenfield D | Velaphi S
Attitudes to voluntary counselling and testing prior to the offer of Nevirapine to prevent vertical transmission of HIV in northern Tanzania
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Sub-Saharan Africa)
AIDS Care. 2005 Oct;17(7):842-852.
Urassa P | Gosling R | Pool R | Reyburn H
This study identified risk factors for preferring to avoid HIV testing among women attending an antenatal clinic in northern Tanzania in the context of a hypothetical offer of Nevirapine. Having a partner with a history of a sexually transmitted disease and having a partner who had another sexual partner in the last year were positively associated with a preference to avoid HIV testing; while the presence of a partner living at home or feeling able to ask their partner to go for an HIV test were negatively associated with a preference to avoid HIV testing. The major concern of women was for the reaction of their male partners to the possibility of a positive HIV test and low confidence in the confidentiality of HIV testing.
COPE® for Services to Prevent Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV: A Toolbook to Accompany the COPE® Handbook
(Tool; Global)
(You need Adobe Acrobat Reader to access this document)
2005
Engender Health
The COPE process has four tools—Self-Assessment Guides (including Client Record-Review Checklists), a Client Interview Guide, Client-Flow Analysis, and the Action Plan. These tools enable supervisors and their staff to discuss the quality of their services, identify problems that interfere with the delivery of quality services, identify the root causes of those problems, recommend ways to solve the problems, implement the recommendations, and follow up to ensure resolution of the problems.
Development of a VCT information system for enhancement of planning, supervision, and monitoring: The experience in Zambia
(Unpublished Work; Sub-Saharan Africa)
(You need Adobe Acrobat Reader to access this document)
Hazemba O
This presentation is from the Strategies for Enhancing Access to Medicines (SEAM) Program, held June 2005, in Accra, Ghana. Its purpose was to review Zambia’s experiences in developing information and commodity management systems for voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) and prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV/AIDS and to highlight key information generated for programming, policy decision making, and commodity management.
MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH NEWS
Iraq: Child mortality rates finally dropping
(Feature Article; Middle East)
30 Aug 2005
Integrated Regional Information Network
While the health situation for Iraqi children remains perilous, reports from the Ministry of Health and Environment indicate that the last year has witnessed an important drop in rates of disease among children under five.
How Pregnancy, Childbirth Decimate Women
(Feature Article; Sub-Saharan Africa)
1 Sept 2005
This Day (Lagos)
Cold facts emerged from the monthly forum of the Development Communications Network recently in Lagos about how women suffer and die prematurely in Nigeria through childbirth.
'Babies born with HIV/AIDS may increase'
(News Article; Sub-Saharan Africa)
29 Aug 2005
The Monitor (Kampala)
The Program Manager of Uganda AIDS Control Programme, Ms. Elizabeth Madraa, has said babies born with the HIV/AIDS virus may increase due to expectant mothers on anti-HIV drugs disregarding medical guidelines.
As C-section rate grows, so does resistance
(Feature Article; North America)
2 Spet 2005
Women's E News
Caesarean section, in which a baby is delivered by abdominal surgery, has increased fivefold in the past 30 years, prompting concern among health advocates who say vaginal delivery is in many cases a healthier option.
MEN'S HEALTH RESEARCH
Paternal depression in the postnatal period period and child development: a prospective population study
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Europe)
The Lancet. 2005 July 1;365(9478):2201-2205.
Ramchandani P | Stein A | Evans J | O'Connor TG
This study explores the effect of depression in fathers during the early years of a child's life. Depression in fathers during the postnatal period was associated with adverse emotional and behavioural outcomes in children aged 3-5 years and an increased risk of conduct problems in boys. These effects remained even after controlling for maternal postnatal depression and later paternal depression.
MEN'S HEALTH NEWS
China admits gays as major group for AIDS prevention, control
(News Article; Asia)
2 Sept 2005
People's Daily Online
Gays, long neglected in China out of moral concern, are a group that exists and is of major concern to fight against HIV/AIDS, Chinese Vice Health Minister Wang Longde recently said.
POPULATION RESEARCH
Fertility decline in North-Central Namibia: An assessment of fertility in the period 1960-2000 based on parish registers
(Research Article; Sub-Saharan Africa)
(You need Adobe Acrobat Reader to access this document)
Demographic Research. 30 Aug 2005;13:83-116.
Shemeikka R | Notkola V | Siiskonen H
This study examines fertility decline in North-Central Namibia in the period 1960-2000. Fertility decline began in 1980, was rapid in the 1980s, levelled off in the early 1990s, started again in 1994 and continued until the year 2000. Fertility declined in every age group, except among the 15-19 year olds, whose fertility increased. During the 1980s, fertility decline was associated with increasing age at first marriage and declining marital fertility, connected
to, for example, the War of Independence. During the 1990s, an increase in both the use of contraceptives and HIV-prevalence contributed to the fertility decline.
Prevalences, genotypes, and risk factors for HIV transmission in South America
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; South America)
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. 2005 Sept 1;40(1):57-64.
Montano SM | Sanchez JL | Laguna-Torres A | Cuchi P | Avila MM | Weissenbacher M | Serra M | Vinoles J | Russi JC | Aguayo N | Galeano AH | Gianella A | Andrade R | Arredondo A | Ramirez E | Acosta ME | Alava A | Montoya O | Guevara A | Manrique H | Sanchez JL | Lama JR | de la Hoz F | Sanchez GI | Ayala C | Pacheco ME | Carrion G | Chauca G | Perez JJ | Negrete M | Russell KL | Bautista CT | Olson JG | Watts DM | Birx DL | Carr JK | for the South American HIV Molecular Surveillance Working Group
HIV cross-sectional studies were conducted among high-risk populations in 9 countries of South America. HIV prevalences were highest among men who have sex with men and were found to be associated with multiple partners, noninjection drug use (non-IDU), and STIs. By comparison, much lower prevalences were noted among female commercial sex workers and were associated mainly with a prior IDU and STI history.
POPULATION NEWS
The Geopolitics of Babies
(Editorial; Global)
1 Sept 2005
Channel News Asia
This article examines the profound influence that demographics will have on the geopolitics of the 21st Century.
WOMEN'S HEALTH RESEARCH
Increased risk of HIV in women experiencing physical partner violence in Nairobi, Kenya
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Sub-Saharan Africa)
AIDS and Behavior. 25 Aug 2005;
Fonck K | Els L | Kidula N | Ndinya-Achola J | Temmerman M
As part of a study on etiology of STIs among 520 women presenting at the STI clinic in Nairobi, data on partner violence and its correlates were analyzed. Prevalence of lifetime physical violence was 26%, mainly by an intimate partner (74%). HIV seropositive women had an almost twofold increase in lifetime partner violence. Women with more risky sexual behavior such as early sexual debut, number of sex partners, history of condom use and of STI, experienced more partner violence. Parity and miscarriage were associated with a history of lifetime violence.
High risk of HIV in non-brothel based female sex workers in India
(Research Article; Asia)
(You need Adobe Acrobat Reader to access this document)
BMC Public Health. 87(5)
Dandona R | Dandona L | Gutierrez JP | Kumar GA | McPherson S | Samuels F | Bertozzi SM | Asci fpp Study Team
Researchers assessed the non-use of condoms in sex work and with regular sex partners by female sex workers (FSWs), and identified its associations that could assist in
planning HIV prevention programs. Results show about half the FSWs do not use condom consistently with their clients in this Indian state putting them at high risk of HIV infection. Non-brothel-based FSWs, who form the majority of sex workers in India, were at a significantly higher risk of HIV infection as compared with brothel-based FSWs.
Progress of the World’s Women 2005: Women, Work & Poverty
(Press Release; Global)
UNIFEM, 2005.
Chen M | Vanek J | Lund F | Heintz J | Jhabvala R | Bonner C
Related Press Release: UNIFEM Report Calls for Increased Focus on Women\'s Informal Employment in Efforts to Combat Poverty and Gender Inequality
This report marks the fifth anniversary of the UN Millennium Declaration and the tenth anniversary of the Beijing Platform for Action. It argues that unless governments and policymakers pay more attention to employment, and its links to poverty, the campaign to make poverty history will not succeed, and the hope for gender equality will founder on the reality of women’s growing economic insecurity.
Workplace and HIV-related sexual behaviours and perceptions among female migrant workers
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Asia)
AIDS Care. 2005 Oct;17(7):819-833.
Yang H | Li X | Stanton B | Fang X | Lin D | Mao R | Liu H | Chen X | Severson R
Data from female migrants in Beijing and Nanjing, China were analyzed to examine the association of workplace with HIV-related behaviors and perceptions. About 10% of women in the entertainment establishments reported having sold sex, 30% having multiple sexual partners and 40% having sex with men with multiple sexual partners. The rate of consistent condom use was less than 15%. They also tended to have a higher level of perceptions of both peer risk involvement and positive expectancy of risk behaviors, and lower perceptions of severity of STDs and HIV.
WOMEN'S HEALTH NEWS
'Women more equal than men, they should get 50% quota & more'
(Interview; Asia)
31 Aug 2005
Express News Service
Former Vice-Chancellor of Lucknow University Dr. Roop Rekha Verma, also heading an NGO Saajhi Duniya in the city, is wary of the status of women in the state and more specifically the university- ‘the lighthouse of culture’. In this interview she speaks about issues that need to be addressed in the state and are close to her heart.
Violence against women: ‘Govt can’t develop policies when there is no data’
(Feature Article; Asia)
2 Sept 2005
Daily Times (Pakistan)
The government is making efforts to curb domestic violence against women, but in the absence of comprehensive data it's difficult to develop an effective strategy to combat the problem.
Islam is no hindrance to women's child's rights - gov
(News Article; Sub-Saharan Africa)
29 Aug 2005
This Day (Lagos)
Governor Ahmodu Sheriff of Borno State said there was nothing in Islamic religion that prohibited the exercise of women and childrens rights. His statement came on the heel of the recent position taken by the Supreme Council of Ulamas (an apex Islamic body) to the effect that some provisions of the Child's Rights Act should not be adopted by Muslim-dominated states as it conflicts with certain aspects of the religion.
YOUTH HEALTH RESEARCH
The relationship between expressed HIV/AIDS-related stigma and beliefs and knowledge about care and support of people living with AIDS in families caring for HIV-infected children in Kenya
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Sub-Saharan Africa)
2005 Oct;17(7):911- 922.
Hamra M | Ross MW | Karuri K | Orrs M | D'Agostino A
This study study explored the specific belief/knowledge domain surrounding care/support of HIV+ persons in Eastern Kenya. Researchers found significant associations between less expressed stigma and greater care/support knowledge.
"Islands of risk": Subgroups of adolescents at risk for HIV
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; North America)
Journal of Pediatric Psychology . 2005 Aug 29;
Houck CD | Lescano CM | Brown LK | Tolou-Shams M | Thompson J | Diclemente R | Isabel Fernandez M | Pugatch D | Schlenger WE | Silver BJ
This study used cluster analysis to determine profiles of adolescents at risk for HIV. Among males, clusters were characterized by (a) mental health crises and unprotected sex, (b) alcohol/marijuana use and unprotected sex, and (c) lower risk. Among females, clusters were distinguished by (a) unprotected sex, (b) substance use and mental health crises, and (c) lower risk. Cluster membership was associated with secondary variables related to sexual risk.
HIV infection and reproductive health in teenage women orphaned and made vulnerable by AIDS in Zimbabwe
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Sub-Saharan Africa)
AIDS Care. 2005 Oct;17(7):785-794.
Hamra M | Ross MW | Karuri K | Orrs M | D'Agostino A
This study investigated whether orphans and vulnerable children (OVCs) have heightened risks of adverse reproductive health outcomes including HIV infection. According to results, high proportions of HIV infections, STIs and pregnancies among teenage girls in eastern Zimbabwe can be attributed to maternal orphanhood and parental HIV. Many of these could be averted through further female secondary school education. Predicted substantial expanded increases in orphanhood could hamper efforts to slow the acquisition of HIV infection in successive generations of young adults.
Ethical approaches to gathering information from children and adolescents in international settings: Guidelines and resources
(Tool; Global)
Population Council, 2005.
The Horizons Program/Population Council and Family Health International/Impact have developed a resource for researchers and program managers working with children and adolescents in international settings, including those affected by HIV/AIDS.
YOUTH HEALTH NEWS
Do participatory programs work? Improving reproductive health for disadvantaged youth in Nepal
(Feature Article; Asia)
May 2005
Development OUTREACH
The Nepal Adolescent Project was a 5-year project conducted to test the effectiveness of participatory versus non-participatory approaches to youth reproductive health, with programs in urban and rural sites. This article explores the outcomes of this program.
Moldova: Talking about reproductive health – in schools and with peers
(News Article; Europe)
2 Sept 2005
UNFPA
Introducing reproductive health in school curricula met with some initial resistance in a conservative town in northwestern Moldova. But careful dialogue with community leaders and parents led to a successful pilot project in Family Life Education. A peer education network, which also aims to promote healthier behavior among young people, reaches out to a broader population, including orphans and out-of-school youth.
Eight boys die after circumcision rite
(News Article; Sub-Saharan Africa)
2 Sept 2005
The Nation (Nairobi)
Eight boys have died and more than 15 admitted to hospital in Samburu District after undergoing traditional circumcision.
The girl child is still an object of abuse, says Chituwo
(News Article; Sub-Saharan Africa)
30 Aug 2005
The Post (Lusaka)
Education minister Dr. Brian Chituwo has said the girl child is still an object of abuse in many African countries.
SPECIAL REPORTS/PROFILES/RESOURCES
An Index of Donor Performance
(Working Paper; Global)
(You need Adobe Acrobat Reader to access this document)
Center for Global Development, Aug 2005.
Roodman D
The Commitment to Development Index of the Center for Global Development rates 21 rich countries on the “development-friendliness” of their policies. It is revised and updated annually. In the 2005 edition, the component on foreign assistance combines quantitative
and qualitative measures of official aid, and of fiscal policies that support private charitable giving.
Logistics fact sheets: ARV drugs
(Fact Sheet; Global)
(You need Adobe Acrobat Reader to access this document)
2005
Synergy AIDS
This factsheet provides data relating to a variety of HIV/AIDS prescriptions medications, describing each in detail.
Calendar of Events
March 14, 2006 - March 18, 2006Global Summit On HIV/AIDS, Traditional Medicine & Indigenous Knowledge
Contact's Name: J.William Danquah, President/CEO, Africa First, LLC / E-Mail: info@africa-first.com
Event Location: Accra, Ghana
May 30, 2006 - June 2, 2006
Global Health Council, 33rd Annual International Conference on Global Health
The 2006 Annual Conference will explore the many roads taken to reach our common goal: improving the health and well-being of the word’s poorest and most disempowered peoples. What are the key components and strategies for effective and sustainable interventions?
Event Location: Washington, D.C.
June 19, 2006 - June 21, 2006
2nd Africa Conference on Sexual Health and Rights
The African Federation for Sexual Health and Rights (Fédération Africaine pour la Santé et Droits Sexuels) in collaboration with the Africa Regional Office of Planned Parenthood Federation of America-International (PPFA-I) is pleased to make a Call for Abstracts for the 2nd Africa Conference on Sexual Health and Rights to be held in Nairobi, Kenya on 19th-21st June 2006. The theme of this conference will be "Sexuality, Economics and Development in Africa".
Contact's Name: Conference Organizer / E-Mail: conference@ppfa.or.ke
Event Location: Nairobi, Kenya
July 27, 2006 - July 30, 2006
14th IUSTI Asia Pacific International Conference On Sexually Transmitted Infections & HIV/AIDS
The 14th IUSTI Asia-Pacific Conference will be held in Kuala Lumpur, 28-30 July 2006. The Conference will be hosted by the Malayan Medical Association and the Association of Family Practitioners Malaysia, with the support of the Ministry of Health, Malaysia. In line with the theme "STI: Challenges and Strategies", the program will highlight the control of sexually transmitted infections (STI) including HIV/AIDS, with special reference to regional cultural practices and economic constraints. Besides scientific presentations on recent advancements there will also be workshops and interactive sessions of interest to physicians in both hospital and private practice, public health experts and other healthcare professionals, as well as members of organizations concerned with the impact of STI on society.
Event Location: Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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