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Volume 6, Number 3
23 January 2006
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FAMILY PLANNING/REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH RESEARCH
Promoting informed choice: evaluating a decision-making tool for family planning clients and providers in Mexico
(Research Article; Global | Central America and the Caribbean)
International Family Planning Perspectives. 2005 Dec;31(4):162-171.
Kim YM | Kols A | Martin A | Silva D | Rinehart W | Prammawat S | Johnson S | Church K
The World Health Organization (WHO) has developed a decision-making tool to be used by providers and clients during family planning visits to improve the quality of services. This study examines the tool's usability and its impact on counseling and decision-making processes during family planning consultations. Results indicate the decision-making tool was useful both as a job aid for providers and as a decision aid for clients.
Sexual partners in a rural South African setting
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Sub-Saharan Africa)
AIDS and Behavior. Online access January 10, 2006.
Mpofu E | Flisher AJ | Bility K | Onya H | Lombard C
The study investigated sexual behaviors among 1,573 rural South Africans in their early and late adolescence and young adulthood. The participants reported their number of sexual partners and behaviors related to sexual experience, including age of their first sexual experience, use of contraceptives, use of substances, and anal sex. Teenagers with early sexual experience and a history of substance use tended to have multiple sexual partners, confirming the need for targeted HIV prevention interventions for young people in South Africa.
Use of periodic abstinence in Bangladesh: do they really understand?
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Asia)
Journal of Biosocial Science. Online access January 3, 2006.
Kamal N | Saha UR | Ali Khan M | Bairagi R
Data from a nationally representative study in Bangladesh were analysed to identify significant predictors of use of periodic abstinence compared with other modern contraceptive methods. The study found that women in Bangladesh mostly use modern methods during their peak reproductive years, after which some of them switch to periodic abstinence. Overall, for Bangladeshi contraceptive users to reach a higher degree of use-effectiveness for period abstinence, more information, education, and communication materials need to be developed.
The impact of demand factors, quality of care and access to facilities on contraceptive use in Tanzania
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Sub-Saharan Africa)
Journal of Biosocial Science. Online access December 19, 2005.
Arends-Kuenning M | Kessy FL
The low contraceptive prevalence rate and the existence of unmet demand for family planning services present a challenge for parties involved in family planning research in Tanzania. The results show that access to family planning services and quality of care of services are important determinants of contraceptive use in Tanzania even after controlling for demand-side factors.
Gender, children, and family planning networks in Kenya
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Sub-Saharan Africa)
The Social Science Journal. Online access January 18, 2006.
Musalia J
This study examines how having young children in a household influences the patterns of social interaction between men and women. The study reveals that women's social networks are influenced more than men's by having more young children. A large young family forces women to seek instrumental, informational, and emotional support from their friends, thus enlarging their social networks, increasing the intensity of their interactions, and diversifying the composition of their social networks.
Thrombophilic abnormalities, oral contraceptives and risk of cerebral vein thrombosis: a meta-analysis
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Global)
Blood. Online access January 5, 2006.
Dentali F | Crowther M | Ageno W
This article looks at recent studies that suggest that thrombophilic abnormalities and the use of oral contraceptives (OC) are the leading causes of cerebral vein thrombosis (CVT).
FAMILY PLANNING/REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH NEWS
Tanzania: sex and condom education essential - govt
(News Article; Sub-Saharan Africa)
18 Jan 2006
Integrated Regional Information Networks
Tanzania's education ministry has reaffirmed its position on the introduction of reproductive health and HIV/AIDS education at primary school level, despite condemnation from Catholic bishops.
PM says he is against coercive methods of family planning
(News Article; Asia)
19 Jan 2006
Web India 123
Prime Minister Manmohan Singh recently came out strongly against coercive methods of family planning, especially sterilization, and said people must be allowed a choice in such personal matters.
Reproductive health care continues to decline
(News Article; Middle East)
23 Jan 2006
Yemen Times
Recent reproductive health field surveys in Yemen revealed deteriorating care of mothers during pregnancy and after childbirth. The survey also revealed declines in child care, family planning, and reproductive health awareness.
Condom promotion triggers disputes in China
(News Article; Asia)
23 Jan 2006
China View
In a country where sex has been a taboo for well over 2000 years, this piece looks at the different disputes over the placement and use of condoms.
FAMILY PLANNING/REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH LAW AND POLICY
Desperately seeking targets: the ethics of routine HIV testing in low-income countries 
(Research Article; Global)
(You need Adobe Acrobat Reader to access this document)
Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 2006 Jan;84(1):53-57.
Rennie S | Behets F
Researchers explore the key ethical challenges raised by the acceleration of HIV testing in resource-poor countries, focusing on the 2004 policy of routine ("opt-out") HIV testing recommendations made by UNAIDS and WHO. They suggest that in impoverished settings with weak health care systems, poor infrastructures, and gender inequities, opt-out policies may become disconnected from their initial human rights ideals.
Men who pay for sex are 'as bad as child abusers'
(News Article; Europe)
15 Jan 2006
The Guardian (UK)
Men who pay for sex are as bad as child abusers, a senior government minister warned, as she unveiled radical plans to protect prostitutes by targeting their clients. Under the proposals, schoolgirls will be taught about the dangers of selling sex, amid evidence that more than half of streetwalkers start out as teenagers.
HIV/AIDS RESEARCH
Intra-couple communication dynamics of HIV risk behavior among injecting drug users and their sexual partners in northern Vietnam
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Asia)
Drug and Alcohol Dependence. Online access January 18, 2006.
Go VF | Quan VM | Voytek C | Celentano D | Nam LV
This paper focuses on the social context of HIV risk behavior and intra-couple risk communication among injecting drug users (IDUs) and their main sex partner. Some findings include that men rarely used condoms with primary partners, and many IDUs worried about their HIV-status, but none disclosed their injecting or sexual practices to their sex partners, leaving their partners unaware of their HIV risk. Among women who worried about HIV/AIDS, the vast majority was unable to influence their partner's needle sharing or extramarital affairs and most would not initiate condom use because they feared their partner's reaction. Therefore, couple-based interventions to facilitate risk communication combined with programs to promote condom use among male IDUs may help to reduce HIV transmission from IDUs to their primary partners.
Voluntary HIV counseling and testing: knowledge and practices in a rural South African village
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Sub-Saharan Africa)
Journal of Transcultural Nursing. 2006 Jan;17(1):23-29.
Mabunda G
This study identified themes related to voluntary counseling and testing services in a rural South African village. Although participants demonstrated knowledge of the availability of voluntary HIV counseling and testing services in the area, they did not utilize the services unless they had signs and symptoms suggesting possible HIV infection. Therefore, health providers have a responsibility to ensure that individuals get tested before they are infected so as to educate them about ways to protect themselves against HIV infection.
Tenofovir DF, Emtricitabine, and Efavirenz vs. Zidovudine, Lamivudine, and Efavirenz for HIV
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Global)
New England Journal of Medicine. 2006 Jan 19;354(3):251-260.
Gallant JE | DeJesus E | Arribas JR | Pozniak AL | Gazzard B | Campo RE | Lu B | McColl D | Chuck S | Enejosa J | Toole JJ | Cheng AK
Related News Article: Once-a-day AIDS pill could be ready soon
Related News Article: Study sets new gold standard for initial antiretroviral treatment of HIV infection
A simple once-a-day HIV antiretroviral regimen does a better job of suppressing the virus and restoring immune function than the long-standing gold standard for initial treatment of HIV.
HIV/AIDS mitigation strategies and the state in Sub-Saharan Africa - the missing link?
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Sub-Saharan Africa)
(You need Adobe Acrobat Reader to access this document)
Global Health. 2006 Jan 17;2(1)
Mohiddin A | Johnston D
This article discusses strategies for mitigating the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Sub-Saharan Africa. It concludes that for international public health policies to be effective, they must consider a country tailored approach, one that advocates a coordinated strategy designed and led by the state with involvement of wider society specific to each country's particular history, culture, and level of development.
Evaluation of the organizational structure of HIV/AIDS outpatient care in Brazil
(Research Article; South America)
Revista de Saude Publica. 2006 Feb;40(1):143-151.
Melchior R | Nemes MI | Basso CR | Castanheira ER | Britto E Alves MT | Buchalla CM | Donini AA
This study evaluated the healthcare provided by outpatient services for the treatment of AIDS patients. The results indicate that, in addition to ensuring the more homogeneous distribution of resources, the program must invest in the training and dissemination of care management skills, as confirmed by the results of care process organization.
Community home-based care in a rural village: challenges and strategies
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Sub-Saharan Africa)
Journal of Transcultural Nursing. 2006 Jan;17(1):89-94.
Shaibu S
In Botswana, there has been a shift from hospital care to community home-based care (CHBC) because of the HIV/AIDS epidemic. This article discusses the process of establishing the CHBC committee and the challenges faced by faculty, students, and lay caregivers in working with a diverse CHBC group to render culturally sensitive care. Strategies for dealing with these challenges are also discussed.
The cost to health services of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection among tuberculosis patients in Sudan
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; North Africa)
Health Policy. 2006 Feb;75(3):272-279.
El-Sony AI
This study compared the cost of managing HIV-positive and HIV-negative tuberculosis (TB) patients in Sudan. It was concluded that the management of HIV-positive TB cases were more costly than that of the HIV-negative cases in this stage of the HIV/AIDS epidemic.
HIV/AIDS NEWS
NIH halts international HIV/AIDS study
(News Article; Global)
18 Jan 2006
Uniter Press International
Federal officials recently said they have halted enrollment in a global HIV trial due to a higher risk in some patients. The officials said the decision was made because patients in the study of HIV/AIDS therapies who were on episodic treatment were more likely to die. The international trial, the Strategies for Management of Anti-Retroviral Therapy, or SMART, was comparing continuous antiretroviral therapy with episodic treatment initiated only when CD4 cells dropped below a certain threshold.
Argentina, Brazil to jointly make anti-AIDS drugs
(News Article; South America)
18 Jan 2006
Reuters
Argentina and Brazil will begin producing their own anti-AIDS drugs in a jointly owned factory to try to lower the cost of treatment.
Nigeria to spend 10% of debt relief on HIV/AIDS
(News Article; Sub-Saharan Africa)
17 Jan 2006
Angola Press Agency (Luanda)
Nigeria`s President Olusegun Obasanjo has directed that 10% of the country`s US$18 billion debt relief be used in the fight against HIV/AIDS in the country.
Mozambique: MSF to ensure sustainabiliity of ARV programme
(Feature Article; Sub-Saharan Africa)
17 Jan 2006
Integrated Regional Information Networks
In a bid to ensure the sustainability of its antiretroviral treatment program in Mozambique, the international NGO, Medecins Sans Frontieres, has focussed on skills transfer with the aim of handing over the running of its sites to the government.
Yogurt may provide AIDS cure, say scientists
(News Article; Global)
19 Jan 2006
Earth Times
Related Abstract; subscription needed for full text: Bioengineering lactic acid bacteria to secrete the HIV-1 virucide cyanovirin
Scientists have found a way to genetically modify bacteria found in yogurt to make a drug that can prevent HIV infection.
World Bank joins HIV/AIDS fight in Vietnam
(News Article; Asia)
23 Jan 2006
Thanh Nien Daily
The World Bank will provide US$100,000 in aid to a northern Vietnamese province to fight the spread of HIV/AIDS and increase awareness of the disease among the community.
Iraq: rise in numbers living with HIV/AIDS, says health ministry
(News Article; Middle East)
19 Jan 2006
Integrated Regional Information Networks
The health ministry has announced an increase in newly reported cases of HIV/AIDS over the past few months, the first such pronouncement since the fall of the Saddam Hussein regime in 2003.
MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH RESEARCH
Barriers to the implementation of programs for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV: a cross-sectional survey in rural and urban Uganda
(Research Article; Sub-Saharan Africa)
(You need Adobe Acrobat Reader to access this document)
AIDS Research and Therapy. 2005 Oct;2(10)
Bajunirwe F | Muzoora M
This study examines potential barriers that might affect the acceptability of interventions for prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) in rural and urban settings. Results show health facility-based deliveries were significantly lower among mothers in rural areas compared to those in the urban setting. Overall, significant predictors of willingness to test for HIV were post-primary education and knowledge about rapid HIV tests. The strongest predictor of willingness to accept an HIV test was the woman's perception that her husband would approve of her testing for HIV. Women who thought their husbands would approve were almost six times more likely to report a willingness to be tested compared to those who thought their husbands would not approve.
Genital herpes simplex virus infection and perinatal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Global)
Obstetrics & Gynecology. 2005 Dec;106(6):1341-1348.
Chen KT | Segu M | Lumey LH | Kuhn L | Carter RJ | Bulterys M | Abrams EJ
Related News Article: Herpes in pregnancy may raise HIV risk for baby
This study assessed the risk of perinatal HIV transmission in HIV-infected women clinically diagnosed with genital herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection during pregnancy. Based on the results, clinical diagnosis of genital HSV infection during pregnancy in HIV-infected women may be a risk factor for perinatal HIV transmission.
Elimination of HIV infection in infants in Europe—challenges and demand for response
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Europe)
Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine. 2006 Feb;11(1):54-57.
Ostergren M | Malyuta R
This paper looks at how the implementation of all four pillars of the strategic framework developed primarily by the WHO Regional Office for Europe would help European countries achieve the goal of virtual elimination of HIV infection in infants by 2010.
Challenges to the reproductive-health needs of African women: On religion and maternal health utilization in Ghana
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Sub-Saharan Africa)
Social Science & Medicine . Online access January 6, 2006.
Gyimah SO | Takyi BK | Addai I
This study examines the possible link between religion and maternal health service utilization. Researchers found religion (measured by denominational affiliation) to be a significant factor in maternal health use. This is true even after controlling for socio-economic variables. In general, Muslim and traditional women were less likely to use such services compared with Christians.
MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH NEWS
Record-low mother-child mortality rates recognized in Holguin, Cuba
(News Article; Central America and the Caribbean)
20 Jan 2006
Ahora
The Infant-Mother Program in the Cuban province of Holguin was recognized by that region's legislative body for achieving a record-low infant mortality rate of 4.5 deaths for each 1,000 live births. Also recognized was the program's outstanding work throughout 2005 in decreasing maternal deaths and those of children under five.
Operations of compassion
(Feature Article; Asia | Sub-Saharan Africa)
20 Jan 2006
Baltimore Sun
Traveling doctors go to Africa and Asia to repair fistulas, avoidable childbirth injuries that can destroy a mother's reasons for living.
Moves to reduce high maternal death ratio
(News Article; Sub-Saharan Africa)
23 Jan 2006
Graphic Ghana
The Ghana Health Service (GHS) has drawn up a reproductive health strategy document that will direct policies and standards for best reproductive health practices in the country.
MEN'S HEALTH RESEARCH
Healing traditions and men's sexual health in Mumbai, India: The realities of practiced medicine in urban poor communities
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Asia)
Social Science & Medicine. Online access January 18, 2006.
Schensul SL | Mekki-Berrada A | Nastasi B | Saggurti N | Verma RK
Men's pre- and extra-marital sexual behavior has been identified as the primary factor in the growing HIV/STI epidemic among both males and females in India. This paper reports on an ongoing Indo-US project that has focused on men's concerns about sexual health problems and assesses the services provided by non-allopaths in three low-income communities in Mumbai. It suggests that the combination of strong culturally based sexual health concerns and the presence of private non-allopaths who manage these problems present a window of opportunity for intervention programs to address the challenge of HIV/STI prevention and early case identification in India.
A multicentre study investigating subcutaneous etonogestrel implants with injectable testosterone decanoate as a potential long-acting male contraceptive
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Global)
Human Reproduction. 2006 Jan;21(1):285-294.
Brady BM | Amory JK | Perheentupa A | Zitzmann M | Hay CJ | Apter D | Anderson RA | Bremner WJ | Pollanen P | Nieschlag E | Wu FC | Kersemaekers WM
The combination of etonogestrel implants with injectable testosterone decanoate was investigated as a potential male contraceptive. Subcutaneous etonogestrel implants in combination with injectable testosterone decanoate resulted in profound suppression of spermatogenesis that could be maintained for up to 1 year. This combination has potential as a long-acting male hormonal contraceptive.
Adult male circumcision to prevent HIV?
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Global)
International Journal of Infectious Diseases. Online access January 10, 2006.
Atashili J
This paper summarizes and discusses the main findings of studies of the evidence underlying adult male circumcision to prevent HIV and explores its feasibility and the implication for policy and future research.
Sexual activity, fertility and contraceptive use in middle-aged and older men: men in Australia, telephone survey (MATeS)
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Oceania)
Human Reproduction. 2005 Dec;20(12):3429-3434.
Holden CA | McLachlan RI | Cumming R | Wittert G | Handelsman DJ | De Kretser DM | Pitts M
With limited information regarding fertility and sexual activity in the older population, men's behavior, attitudes, and concerns were explored in a representative population of middle-aged and older men using the Men in Australia Telephone Survey. Continuing sexual activity, fertility, and contraception needs in middle-aged and older men suggests that education and service delivery must be more appropriately directed to an aging population.
Condom use in incarcerated adolescent males: knowledge and practice
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; North America)
Sexually Transmitted Diseases. 2006 Jan;33(1):2-4.
Bortot AT | Risser WL | Cromwell PF
The objective of this study was to determine how often incarcerated males used condoms incorrectly and where, how, and from whom they learned condom use. Conclusions were that subjects primarily learned from educators/counselors, family, and friends and methods of learning included reading the package insert, demonstrations, explanations, and media. The authors reported that the adolescents had relatively few condom errors.
MEN'S HEALTH NEWS
Bulgarian fathers join against demographic crisis
(News Article; Europe)
23 Jan 2006
Sofia News Agency
Bulgarian men have launched a club called "Fathers Against the Demographic Crisis," media reported. Socialist MP Atanas Merdzhanov and the club's chairman Hristo Tomov called for a higher birth-rate in Bulgaria. They explained that the demographic crisis was a problem not only in Bulgaria but also in Europe.
Human rights body wants gay men to be allowed to donate blood
(News Article; Sub-Saharan Africa)
20 Jan 2006
BuaNews (Tshwane)
The South African Human Rights Commission (SAHRC) says gay men must not be excluded from donating blood on the basis of identity or HIV and AIDS status.
POPULATION RESEARCH
Modeling the sexual transmissibility of human papillomavirus infection using stochastic computer simulation and empirical data from a cohort study of young women in Montreal, Canada
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; North America)
American Journal of Epidemiology. Online access January 18, 2006.
Burchell AN | Richardson H | Mahmud SM | Trottier H | Tellier PP | Hanley J | Coutlée F | Franco EL
Researchers estimated plausible ranges of the probability of human papillomavirus (HPV) transmission per coital act among newly forming couples by using stochastic computer simulation. This simulation suggests that HPV transmissibility is several-fold higher than that for other viral STIs, such as HIV or herpes simplex virus 2. Therefore, with high transmissibility, any potential protective effect of condoms would disappear over multiple intercourse acts, underlining the need for an effective HPV vaccine.
POPULATION NEWS
German leaders wake up to shrinking population
(News Article; Europe)
23 Jan 2006
Reuters
Related News Article: The challenge of demographic change in old, shriveling Europe
A steep decline in the German population since 1972 and fears the trend will gain pace have led demographers to warn of unsettling consequences.
WOMEN'S HEALTH RESEARCH
Environmental–structural interventions to reduce HIV/STI risk among female sex workers in the Dominican Republic
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Central America and the Caribbean)
American Journal of Public Health. 2006 Jan;96(1):120-125.
Kerrigan D | Moreno L | Rosario S | Gomez B | Jerez H | Barrington C | Weiss E | Sweat M
This study assessed the effectiveness of two environmental–structural interventions in reducing risks of HIV and STIs among female sex workers in the Dominican Republic. It was concluded that interventions that combine community solidarity and government policy show positive initial effects on HIV and STI risk reduction among female sex workers.
Vaginal washing and increased risk of HIV-1 acquisition among African women: a 10-year prospective study
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Sub-Saharan Africa)
AIDS. 2006 Jan 09;20(2):269-273.
McClelland RS | Ludo L | Wisal HM | Kishorchandra M | Jeckoniah NAO | Baeten JM
Related News Article: Vaginal washing 'raises HIV risk'
The findings of this 10-year study suggest that sex workers who perform internal vaginal washing are three times more likely to get HIV than those who do not.
WOMEN'S HEALTH NEWS
Violence against women being classified as social problem: UN
(News Article; Global)
18 Jan 2006
New Kerala
Related Report: The world's women 2005, progress in statistics
(You need Adobe Acrobat Reader to access this document)
Related Press Release: Press conference launching report "The world’s women 2005: progress in statistics"
The fact that studies and surveys are now raising the issue of violence against women is the first step in classifying it as a defined social problem, and bringing it from the shadows out into the light, according to a new UN report.
Liberian leader breaks rape taboo
(News Article; Sub-Saharan Africa)
20 Jan 2006
BBC
As Liberia's first female president, one of Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf's first pledges was to do something about the scourge of rape, using new legislation that came into force the day after her inauguration. But there is severe doubt about whether the law can handle rape cases in Liberia. The president of the Liberian Association of Women Lawyers says that they prosecuted a single case since 1999.
Iraq: women’s groups blast "temporary" marriages
(News Article; Middle East)
23 Jan 2006
Integrated Regional Information Networks
A rise in the incidence of “temporary” marriages among Shi’ite Muslims is causing concern among women’s rights activists. “The poverty, especially for women who have lost their husbands in the years of war, is the main reason for them accepting such agreements,” said Salua Fatihi, head of two non-governmental women’s rights organisations in southern Iraq. “It’s an easy way to protect their children and put food on the table.”
Chilean women celebrate signs of rapid change
(Feature Article; South America)
19 Jan 2006
Women's E-News
Times are changing rapidly for women in Chile, where Michelle Bachelet is taking over as president and a far-reaching law on domestic violence is taking effect.
Cervical cancer common among Filipinas, says WB
(News Article; Asia)
21 Jan 2006
PIA Information Service
A World Bank study reveals that cervical cancer is the most common illness among Filipino women, next to breast cancer.
Women in Pak face rampant violence: report
(News Article; Asia)
20 Jan 2006
Times of Oman
Violence against women in Pakistan remained "rampant" in 2005, with President Pervez Musharraf sparking a global outcry with his remarks on rape, Human Rights Watch said in its annual report.
YOUTH HEALTH RESEARCH
Breaking the silence and saving lives: young people's sexual and reproductive health in the Arab States and Iran
(Report; Middle East)
(You need Adobe Acrobat Reader to access this document)
Cambridge, MA, Harvard School of Public Health, 2005.
Shepard BL | DeJong JL
This research reviews young people's sexual and reproductive health and gender issues affecting young people ages 10-24 in 19 Arab States and the Islamic Republic of Iran. The situation analysis reveals an urgent need for investment in young people's programs and for increased attention to this age group.
Impact of sex and HIV education programs on sexual behaviors of youth in developing and developed countries
(Working Paper; Global)
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Arlington, VA, Family Health International, 2005. (Youth research working paper no. 2)
Kirby D | Laris BA | Rolleri L
Sex and HIV education programs that are based on a written curriculum and that are implemented among groups of youth in school, clinic, or community settings are a promising type of intervention to reduce adolescent sexual risk behaviors. This paper from Family Health International summarizes a review of 83 evaluations of such programs in developing and developed countries. The programs typically focused on pregnancy or HIV/STI prevention behaviors, not on broader issues of sexuality, such as developmental stages, gender roles, or romantic relationships.
Knowledge of contraceptive methods among adolescent students
(Research Article; South America)
Revista de Saúde Pública. 2006 Feb;40(1):57-64.
Martins LB | Costa-Paiva L | Osis MJ | Sousa MH | Pinto Neto AM | Tadini V
This study compared the knowledge of contraceptive methods and identified factors associated with adequate knowledge among public and private school adolescents in São Paulo, Brazil. It was concluded that knowledge of contraceptive methods was low in both public and private school students and that both underprivileged and high socioeconomic adolescents need to have adequate information about family planning to improve their knowledge and change their behavior.
An examination of knowledge, attitudes and practices related to HIV/AIDS prevention in Zimbabwean university students: Comparing intervention program participants and non-participants
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Sub-Saharan Africa)
International Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2006 Jan;10(1):38-46.
Terry PE | Mhloyi M | Masvaure T | Adlis S
This study represents a comprehensive assessment of differences between participants in an HIV/AIDS prevention program and non-participants in knowledge, attitudes, and practices with a focus on cultural, sociological, and economic variables.
Iringa youth behavior survey -- findings and report
(Working Paper; Sub-Saharan Africa)
(You need Adobe Acrobat Reader to access this document)
Arlington, VA, Family Health International, 2005.
This report provides a comprehensive picture of the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of youth about STI/HIV and reproductive health in Iringa, Tanzania.
YOUTH HEALTH NEWS
Kenya moves against HIV/AIDS in education sector
(News Article; Sub-Saharan Africa)
18 Jan 2006
Angola Press Agency (Luanda)
The Kenyan ministry of education says it has begun an HIV/AIDS investment program to protect the education sector against negative impact of the pandemic, maximize the sector's interventions to prevent further infection, and mitigate against the most damaging effect of the disease.
AIDS classroom in nightclub
(News Article; Asia)
23 Jan 2006
The Telegraph
An interesting twist on awareness campaigns targeted towards youth. A DJ, along with his music, will emphasize the virtues of safe sex and give out condoms and T-shirts to every youngster attending popular nightclubs in Calcutta.
Rate of sexual infections increasing in Canada
(News Article; North America)
20 Jan 2006
CTV
Rates of STIs in Canada have increased so much from 1997 to 2004 that experts are calling the phenomenon a "hidden epidemic" and demanding a national strategy.
SPECIAL REPORTS/PROFILES/RESOURCES
More than humanitarianism: a strategic U.S. approach toward Africa
(Report; Global)
Washington, DC, Council on Foreign Relations, 2005.
Lake A | Todd Whitman C | Lyman PN | Bunche R | Morrison S
This Council-sponsored Independent Task Force Report argues that Africa is becoming steadily more central to the United States and to the rest of the world in ways that transcend humanitarian interests. Africa now plays an increasingly significant role in supplying energy, preventing the spread of terrorism, and halting the devastation of HIV/AIDS. Africa’s growing importance is reflected in the intensifying competition with China and other countries for both access to African resources and influence in this region. A more comprehensive US policy toward Africa is needed, the report states, and it lays out recommendations for policymakers to craft that policy.
Demography: analysis and synthesis
(Book; Global)
Academic Press, 2006.
Caselli G | Vallin J | Wunsch G
This four-volume collection of over 140 original chapters covers virtually everything of interest to demographers, sociologists, and others. Over 100 authors present population subjects in ways that provoke thinking and lead to the creation of new perspectives, not just facts and equations to be memorized. The articles follow a theory-methods-applications approach and so offer a kind of "one-stop shop" that is well suited for students and professors who need non-technical summaries, such as political scientists, public affairs specialists, and others.
Continuous Identification of Research Evidence (CIRE) Related to Family Planning Guidance
Lockhat FB, Emembolu JE, and Konje JC. Serum and peritoneal fluid levels of levonorgestrel in women with endometriosis who were treated with an intrauterine contraceptive device containing levonorgestrel. Fertility and Sterility. 2005 Feb;83(2):398-484.
WHO Method: Levonorgestrel IUDs and Condition: Endometriosis
Link to CIRE evidence: http://www.infoforhealth.org/cire_pub.pl?cire_input=L-IUD.Endom..2664.3546.Y
Link to POPLINE record: http://db.jhuccp.org/dbtw-wpd/exec/dbtwpcgi.exe?BU=http%3A%2F%2Fdb.jhuccp.org%2Fdbtw-wpd%2Fexec%2Fdbtwpcgi.exe&QF0=DocNo&QI0=282089&TN=Popline&AC=QBE_QUERY&RF=LongRecordDisplay
Calendar of Events
April 3, 2006 - April 7, 2006Halala! CINDI: Looking Back Living Forward
CINDI Members have been working together for 10 years to address the needs of vulnerable children in the context of the HIV and AIDS epidemic in KwaZulu-Natal. The Conference will provide an opportunity for practitioners, policy makers, and other concerned people to gather together and share 10 years' experience of good practice and enter into discussions about the needs of children in the coming decade.
Event Location: Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
April 3, 2006 - April 21, 2006
Reproductive Health Research Course
This course is developed and directed by the Population and Reproductive Health Programme of the Department of Community Health Sciences. It mainly focuses on issues related to reproductive health in developing countries with particular emphasis to Pakistan. This includes introduction to basic concepts in demography and reproductive health epidemiology, maternal health, fertility regulation, sexual behavior and sexually transmitted infections. This has been offered since 2003 and to date three courses have been organized for 44 local and international participants.
Event Location: Karachi, Pakistan
April 4, 2006 - April 7, 2006
Preventing Mortality from Postpartum Hemorrhage in Africa: Moving from Research to Practice
Contact's Name: Jackie Frazier / E-Mail: pphconference@accesstohealth.org
Event Location: Entebbe, Uganda
July 10, 2006 - July 21, 2006
Workshop on Communicating Population and Health Research to Policymakers
The objective of the workshop is to learn how to maximize policymakers' and planners' use of research results to improve policies and programs. Specifically, participants learn what the implications of their research has on policies; create a policy communications strategy; and develop skills to communicate more effectively with those who develop policies and to work with the media. Each participant creates and delivers oral policy presentations using a computer-based graphics program and prepares and presents short policy documents reports that are appealing to their audiences. The workshop will be conducted in Spanish, but ideally candidates will have a working knowledge of English.
Contact's Name: Sara Adkins-Blanch / E-Mail: saraab@prb.org
Event Location: San José, Costa Rica
July 17, 2006 - August 11, 2006
10th Research Methods Course in Sexual and Reproductive Health and HIV
The course is geared toward doctors, researchers, and policymakers. Participants will learn all aspects of research, from identifying and assessing a research question to determining the best methodology to effectively disseminating and making use of research results. Four weeks long, the training course provides opportunities for discussion and interaction with international, regional, and local facilitators who have Africa-based research experience. The course is organized by the Reproductive Health and HIV Research Unit of the University of the Witwatersrand, in collaboration with the South African Medical Research Council and the Population Council, and has the endorsement of the World Health Organization.
Contact's Name: Sandra McIntosh / E-Mail: s.mcintosh@rhrujhb.co.za
Event Location: Johannesburg, South Africa
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