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Volume 6, Number 6
13 February 2006
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FAMILY PLANNING/REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH RESEARCH
Prevalence of sexual activity and family-planning use among undergraduates in southwest Nigeria
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Sub-Saharan Africa)
The European Journal of Contraception and Reproductive Health Care . 2005 Dec;4(10):255-260.
Orji EO | Adegbenro CA | Olalekan AW
This study assessed the prevalence of sexual activity and family-planning use among undergraduates in a private tertiary institution in Nigeria. Results showed there is a high level of sexual activity among these undergraduates. Many are aware of family planning, and the condom is the most commonly known and used method, though not consistently.
Sexual behaviours and contraception among university students in Turkey
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Europe)
Journal of Biosocial Science. Online access February 1, 2006.
Aras S | Orcin E | Ozan S | Semin S
This study evaluated the sexual attitudes and behaviors of university students in Izmir, Turkey. The authors found that male students opposed premarital sexual intercourse for both genders more than female students did. The frequency of sexual intercourse among male students (61·2%) was higher than that among female students (18·3%). The mean age of first sexual intercourse was lower among male than among female respondents. The authors suggest that these results may help in the planning of education and health policies in Turkey.
Microbicidal spermicide or spermicidal microbicide?
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Global)
The European Journal of Contraception and Reproductive Health Care . 2005 Dec;10(4):212-218.
Gupta G
This article reviews candidate spermicides/microbicides currently under development worldwide.
FAMILY PLANNING/REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH NEWS
Novel anti-HIV gel passes first round of safety trials
(News Article; Global)
10 Feb 2006
Science and Development Network
Related Abstract; subscription needed for full text: Safety and tolerability of tenofovir vaginal gel in abstinent and sexually active HIV-infected and uninfected women
The first anti-HIV gel to use a drug known to stop the virus from replicating has been shown to be safe in early-stage clinical trials.
Health agency promotes National Condom Week with online campaign
(Press Release; Global | North America)
10 Feb 2006
American Social Health Association
The American Social Health Association (ASHA) is marking National Condom Week with new online publications, including a series of columns answering frequently asked condom questions. Supporting the Condom Week theme of "Respect and Responsibility," ASHA contends that people deserve to have the most accurate, up-to-date information on condoms, which can play a major role in the prevention of many STIs.
Indian wedding vow: we will not abort daughters
(Feature Article; Asia)
12 Feb 2006
The Times
Couples in the western Indian state of Gujarat have added a promise to avoid “female feticide” to their wedding vows amid growing concern about the effects of selective abortion on the balance between the sexes.
Condoms are becoming a habit
(News Article; South America)
13 Feb 2006
Agencia Brasil
The director of Brazil's Ministry of Health's National Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS Program said recently that the use of condoms over the years has produced evidence of positive results and can be commemorated for the changes in behavior it has induced.
Thailand flexes muscles to strengthen foothold in the global condom market
(News Article; Global | Asia)
13 Feb 2006
ThaiDay
Thailand has the potential to give the European Union a run for its money as the top supplier in the US$300-million global market for condoms, according to a recent report. Since it has an abundant supply of natural rubber, Thailand should be able to move up from being second-largest exporter of condoms in the near future.
'Dress Yourself' campaign: Brazil to hand out condoms during Carnival
(News Article; South America)
8 Feb 2006
ABC News
While most Brazilians are preparing for 4 days of madness, which include a street parade with colorful floats and dressed-up divas gyrating to blaring music, the government is planning to hand out 25 million condoms to encourage partyers to never go unprotected.
Condom vending ATM'S in town
(News Article; Sub-Saharan Africa)
8 Feb 2006
New Vision (Kampala)
Condom distribution in Uganda has been simplified with the importation of over 2,000 hi-tech condom vending machines from China.
Youngsters plan to cut AIDS, pregnancies with condoms
(News Article; Asia)
11 Feb 2006
The Nation (Bangkok)
The Thai Youth Network against AIDS recently kicked off its project to have students sell condoms, amid criticism from various parties.
New vaccine trial to combat sexually-transmitted disease
(News Article; Global)
7 Feb 2006
ABC News
A new trial announced in Brisbane could help millions of people worldwide suffering from one of the most common STDs, genital warts.
'Condom trees' plan for WA town
(News Article; Oceania)
7 Feb 2006
The Sydny Morning Herald
Councillors in Western Australia are considering using Valentine's Day to introduce "condom trees" across the area, to combat rising rates of sexually transmitted disease. The trees are in fact PVC pipes filled with free condoms and placed in trees at popular gathering places for the town's young people.
FAMILY PLANNING/REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH LAW AND POLICY
Spreading AIDS now a crime
(News Article; Oceania)
8 Feb 2006
The Fiji Times
People found to be wilfully spreading the HIV/AIDS virus are to be charged with a criminal offence as result of recent amendments to the Public Health Act.
HIV/AIDS RESEARCH
HIV decline associated with behavior change in Eastern Zimbabwe
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Sub-Saharan Africa)
Science. 2006 Feb 3;311(5761):664-666.
Gregson S | Garnett GP | Nyamukapa CA | Hallett TB | Lewis JJ | Mason PR | Chandiwana SK | Anderson RM
Related News Article: Researchers find first HIV decline in southern Africa
This study reports a decline in HIV prevalence in eastern Zimbabwe between 1998 and 2003 associated with sexual behavior change in four distinct socioeconomic strata. HIV prevalence fell most steeply at young ages, by 23% and 49%, respectively, among men aged 17 to 29 years and women aged 15 to 24 years, and in more educated groups. Sexually experienced men and women reported reductions in casual sex of 49% and 22%, respectively, whereas recent cohorts reported delayed sexual debut. Selective AIDS-induced mortality contributed to the decline in HIV prevalence.
Basing policy on evidence: low HIV, STIs, and risk behaviour in Dili, East Timor argue for more focused interventions
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Asia)
Sexually Transmitted Infections. 2006 Feb;82(1):88-93.
Pisani E | Purnomo H | Sutrisna A | Asy A | Zaw M | Tilman C | Bull H | Neilsen G
This study aimed to determine levels of infection with HIV and other sexually transmitted infections and associated risk behaviors in Dili, East Timor, in order to guide resource allocation and appropriate prevention and care strategies. Results show that a few sex workers are infected with HIV in East Timor, but the virus is not circulating widely among their clients, and sexual networking is limited. The risk of a generalized HIV epidemic in East Timor is minimal and HIV can be contained by the provision of basic services to the small minority of the population at highest risk.
HIV and syphilis in migrant workers in eastern China
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Asia)
Sexually Transmitted Infections. 2006 Feb;82(1):11-14.
Hesketh T | Li L | Ye X | Wang H | Jiang M | Tomkins A
This study measured the prevalence of HIV and syphilis in migrant and urban workers in eastern China and determined their knowledge and attitudes towards HIV. Findings show that at present HIV is probably not spreading in the internal migrant population in eastern China. Syphilis is a problem in both the migrant and urban populations. The tendency to migrate with partners makes migrants relatively low risk for engaging in casual sex.
Unfinished business--expanding HIV testing in developing countries
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Global)
The New England Journal of Medicine.. 2006 Feb 2;354(5):440-442.
De Cock KM | Bunnell R | Mermin J
This perspective paper argues that HIV testing must be greatly expanded and that to maximize benefit, a public health approach to HIV testing and treatment — including case finding and testing of partners — should become the norm.
Costs and financial burden of care and support services to PLHA and households in South India
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Asia)
AIDS Care. 2006 Feb;18(2):121-127.
Duraisamy P | Ganesh AK | Homan R | Kumarasamy N | Castle C | Sripriya P | Mahendra V | Solomon S
This study estimated the medical and non-medical out-of-pocket expenditure on care and support services to people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA), the financial burden on households, and the indirect costs and coping strategies to meet the financial burden. A structured pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect data from a cohort of 153 clients of YRG CARE, a leading Chennai based NGO. The direct costs and financial burden of care and support services were shown to increase with the stage of disease. The financial burden is disproportionately more on low-income households. HIV/AIDS leads to depletion of savings and increases the indebtedness of households.
Introduction of HIV post-exposure prophylaxis for sexually abused children in Malawi
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Sub-Saharan Africa)
Archives of Disease in Childhood. 2005 Dec;90(12):1297-1299.
Ellis JC | Ahmad S | Molyneux EM
This study investigated the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of using HIV post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP)for victims of child sexual abuse (CSA) in a pediatric emergency department in Malawi. According to the findings, in a resource-poor setting with a high HIV prevalence, HIV PEP following CSA is acceptable, safe, and feasible.
Cost-effectiveness of highly active antiretroviral therapy in South Africa
(Research Article; Sub-Saharan Africa)
PLoS Medicine. 2006 Jan;3(1):e4.
Badri M | Maartens G | Mandalia S | Bekker LG | Penrod JR | Platt RW | Wood R | Beck EJ
This study examined the impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on health-care provision in South Africa. Results show that HAART is a cost-effective intervention in South Africa, and cost saving when HAART prices are further reduced. These estimates, however, were based on direct costs, and as such the actual cost saving might have been underestimated if indirect costs were also included.
Injection drug use and HIV/AIDS in China: review of current situation, prevention and policy implications 
(Research Article; Asia)
(You need Adobe Acrobat Reader to access this document)
Harm Reduction Journal. 2006 Feb 1;3(1):4.
Qian HZ | Schumacher JE | Chen HT | Ruan YH
This paper reviews drug abuse in China, the HIV/AIDS epidemic and its association with injection drug use (IDU), and Chinese policies on illicit drug abuse and prevention of HIV/AIDS based on published literature and unpublished official data. About half of China's 1.14 million documented drug users inject, and many share needles. IDU has contributed to 42% of cumulatively reported HIV/AIDS cases thus far. In recent years, the central government has outlined a series of pragmatic policies to encourage harm reduction programs; meanwhile, some local governments have not fully mobilized to deal with drug abuse and HIV/AIDS problems seriously.
HIV/AIDS NEWS
Progress varies on global AIDS plan
(News Article; Global)
13 Feb 2006
Washington Post
In its first two years, the Bush administration's global AIDS plan has spent $5.2 billion to help prevent 47,100 infections in infants, bring drug therapy to 471,000 ill people and care for more than 1.2 million children orphaned by the disease. Those were among the highlights of a data-heavy report submitted to Congress last week describing early results of the $15 billion five-year project, formally known as the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR). The vast majority of the money is being spent in 12 African nations and in Guyana, Haiti and Vietnam, although the program is paying for AIDS work in more than 100 other countries, including Russia and India.
Male circumcision protects women from AIDS-study
(News Article; Global | Sub-Saharan Africa)
8 Feb 2006
Reuters
Related Press Release: Review shows male circumcision protects female partners from HIV and other STDs
A statistical review of the past medical files of more than 300 couples in Uganda, in which the female partner was HIV negative and the male was HIV positive, provides solid documentation of the protective effects of male circumcision in reducing the risk of infection among women. Male circumcision also reduced rates of trichomonas and bacterial vaginosis in female partners. The study is believed to be the first to demonstrate the benefits to female partners of male circumcision.
China issues new rules on AIDS
(News Article; Asia)
12 Feb 2006
BBC
China has announced new rules to control and prevent the spread of AIDS. The new regulations make the intentional spreading of the disease a criminal offence. AIDS sufferers and their families will also have their identities protected under the new law. The law, which comes into force on 1 March, will also ban discrimination against AIDS sufferers.
Pricey AIDS drugs cost children’s lives, say experts
(News Article; Global)
9 Feb 2006
Reuters
This article discusses why hundreds of thousands of HIV-positive children are dying every year because they do not have access to drugs, many of which are at least six times the price of treatments for adults.
Free AIDS tests mark Valentine's Day in Bulgaria
(News Article; Europe)
13 Feb 2006
Sofia News Agency
The Health Ministry of Bulgaria announced that they would launch Tuesday the second leg of the national HIV/AIDS prevention campaign celebrating the Valentine's Day. During the campaign HIV/AIDS tests would be free and anonymous, aiming to popularise the services offered in the testing centers.
New campaign tackles HIV/AIDS prejudice
(News Article; Asia)
7 Feb 2006
The St. Petersburg Times
Stay Human, a major nationwide campaign aimed at battling prejudice against HIV-positive people, arrived in St. Petersburg last week with advertisements calling for greater understanding among the general public.
Bush seeks increased funding for international AIDS relief
(News Article; Global)
9 Feb 2006
Voice of America
The Bush administration is asking Congress for a 25% increase in funding for its emergency global HIV/AIDS program for 2007. The State Department says the number of people it is helping reached 42 million last year, although critics say not enough is being done.
Linguists in Mozambique tackle nuances of discussing AIDS
(Feature Article; Sub-Saharan Africa)
13 Feb 2006
Chicago Defender
Linguist Esmeralda Xavier has been assessing how language is used to transmit AIDS messages in Mozambique and whether translations among the various tongues are sensitive to cultural nuances. In Shangana, for example, people use euphemisms when talking about sex. Rather than refer directly to intercourse, they would talk about 'lying down the mat.'
Middle East: Journalists hoping to improve reporting on HIV/AIDS
(Feature Article; Middle East)
9 Feb 2006
Integrated Regional Information Network
Leading Jordanian journalists are hoping to help improve reporting on HIV/AIDS, having taken part in a workshop focusing on curtailing popular misperceptions.
MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH RESEARCH
Integrating prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission into routine antenatal care: the key to program expansion in Cameroon
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Sub-Saharan Africa)
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes. 2005 Dec 1;40(4):486-493.
Welty TK | Bulterys M | Welty ER | Tih PM | Ndikintum G | Nkuoh G | Nkfusai J | Kayita J | Nkengasong JN | Wilfert CM
The Cameroon Baptist Convention Health Board implemented a program to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 (PMTCT) as part of its routine antenatal care, with single-dose maternal and infant peripartum nevirapine (NVP) prophylaxis of HIV-positive mothers and their babies. From February 2000 through December 2004, this program rapidly expanded to 115 facilities in 6 of Cameroon's 10 provinces, not only to large hospitals but to remote health centers staffed by trained birth attendants. Independent risk factors for HIV-1 infection included young age at first sexual intercourse, multiple sex partners, and positive syphilis serology. Consistent training and programmatic support contributed to rapid upscaling and high uptake and counseling rates.
The evaluation of 318 intrauterine pregnancy cases with an intrauterine device
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Europe)
The European Journal of Contraception and Reproductive Health Care . 2005 Dec;10(4):266-271.
Inal MM | Ertopcu K | Ozelmas I
This study determined the factors affecting the pregnancies with intrauterine devices. Findings pointed to dislocation as a significant factor affecting IUD pregnancies. The fact that dislocation is most common in the first year reveals the necessity for more frequent controls in this period.
Financial implications of skilled attendance at delivery in Nepal
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Asia)
Tropical Medicine & International Health. 2006 Feb;11(2):228-237.
Borghi J | Ensor T | Neupane BD | Tiwari S
This study measured the costs and willingness-to-pay for delivery care services in 8 districts of Nepal. It found that the financial cost of developing a skilled attendance strategy in Nepal is substantial. The authors recommend that the mechanisms to direct funding to women in need must be improved, pricing needs to be more transparent, and payment exemptions in public facilities must be better financed if both supply and demand-side barriers to care seeking are to be overcome.
Differences in fertility by HIV serostatus and adjusted HIV prevalence data from an antenatal clinic in northern Uganda
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Sub-Saharan Africa)
Tropical Medicine & International Health. 2006 Feb;11(2):182-187.
Fabiani M | Nattabi B | Ayella EO | Ogwang M | Declich S
This research estimated differences in fertility by HIV serostatus and attempted to validate an adjustment method for estimating the HIV prevalence in the general female population using data from an antenatal clinic. The age-specific pattern of differential fertility by HIV serostatus derived from antenatal clinic data is consistent with findings from population-based studies conducted in Africa. However, differences in fertility between HIV positive and HIV-negative clients underestimate those in the general female population, yielding inaccurate estimates when used to extrapolate the HIV prevalence.
Challenges in the concurrent management of malaria and HIV in pregnancy in sub-Saharan Africa
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Sub-Saharan Africa)
The Lancet Infectious Diseases. 2006 Feb;6(2):100-111.
Brentlinger PE | Behrens CB | Micek MA
No published studies have yet shown whether standard intermittent preventive treatment of malaria and antiretroviral regimens are medically and operationally compatible in pregnancy. The authors reviewed existing policies regarding prevention and treatment of HIV and malaria in pregnancy, as well as published literature on adverse effects of antiretrovirals and antimalarials commonly used in pregnancy in developing countries. They found that concurrent prescription of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, co-trimoxazole, and antiretroviral agents including nevirapine and zidovudine per existing protocols for prevention of malaria and vertical HIV transmission may result in adverse drug interactions or overlapping, diagnostically challenging drug toxicities.
Human papilloma virus (HPV) detection among human immunodeficiency virus-infected pregnant Thai women: Implications for future HPV immunization
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Asia)
Sexually Transmitted Diseases. Online access January 13, 2006.
Bollen LJ | Chuachoowong R | Kilmarx PH | Mock PA | Culnane M | Skunodom N | Chaowanachan T | Jetswang B | Neeyapun K | Asavapiriyanont S | Roongpisuthipong A | Wright TC | Tappero JW
This study assessed the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) among HIV-infected pregnant women in Bangkok and evaluated the need for prophylactic HPV vaccines studies in this population. Only one-quarter of HIV-infected pregnant women in Bangkok had high-risk HPV types; less than 10% had HPV types 16 or 18. As the HPV prevalence is expected to increase during HIV disease, prophylactic vaccines targeting HPV types 16 and 18 should be studied among HIV-infected women not yet infected with these HPV types and not previously exposed.
The battle to reduce maternal deaths in Southern Lima
(Report; South America)
PLoS Medicine. 2006 Feb;3(2):e16.
Vega L
This report discusses the many obstacles to improving maternal health in Lima, Peru and the steps being taken to overcome them. The author is an obstetrician and gynecologist at the Maria Auxiliadora Hospital (HAMA), a 20-year-old government hospital that serves about 2 million people living in Southern Lima, the poorest area of the city and one that is experiencing an explosive growth in population.
MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH NEWS
Study says drug used in Africa stops AIDS infection in moms
(Abstract; Global | Sub-Saharan Africa)
9 Feb 2006
Associated Press
Related Abstract: Effectiveness of repeat single-dose nevirapine in subsequent pregnancies among Ugandan women
The drug nevirapine prevents the spread of the AIDS virus from mother to child time after time, a new study suggests, challenging earlier findings. The new research found that in Ugandan women who received the drug during a first pregnancy, HIV transmission was prevented during second pregnancies as well.
Sharp fall in infant mortality rate in Karur
(News Article; Asia)
10 Feb 2006
The Hindu
Sustained information dissemination among the masses and infrastructure development in medical establishments have helped in bringing down the infant mortality rate in the Karur district of India.
MEN'S HEALTH RESEARCH
Randomized, controlled intervention trial of male circumcision for reduction of HIV infection risk: The ANRS 1265 trial
(Research Article; Sub-Saharan Africa)
PLoS Medicine. 2005 Nov;2(11):e298.
Auvert B | Taljaard D | Lagarde E | Sobngwi-Tambekou J | Sitta R | Puren A
This study tested the assertion that male circumcision may provide protection against HIV-1 infection. Findings indicate that male circumcision provides a degree of protection against acquiring HIV infection, equivalent to what a vaccine of high efficacy would have achieved.
MEN'S HEALTH NEWS
An old way to fight AIDS
(Editorial)
10 Feb 2006
LA Times
This editorial argues that male circumcision programs should be part of efforts supported by the Group of Eight industrialized nations and the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief to curb the spread of HIV/AIDS worldwide.
POPULATION NEWS
Putin tries to lure millions of Russian expats home
(News Article; Asia)
9 Feb 2006
Times Online
The Russian President is planning to tackle a shrinking population and a shortage of skilled workers by offering ethnic Russians voluntary repatriation, according to the Russian business newspaper, Vedomosti. The newspaper said that Mr. Putin has ordered officials in the presidential administration and several other state bodies to draft a program by June 1 which might attract Russians who have been scattered by work and exile across Central Asia and the Baltic states.
Is Europe committing 'demographic suicide'?
(Commentary; Europe)
5 Feb 2006
Chicago Tribune
Even with the addition of immigrants, Europe's population is projected to decline after 2025.
Blueprint sets population control
(News Article; Asia)
10 Feb 2006
Xinhua
China recently said it plans to control its mainland population to within 1.5 billion by 2020 and improve the health of its citizens.
Population growth lowest since 1900
(News Article; Europe)
10 Feb 2006
Expatica
Population growth in the Netherlands is at a 100-year low due to increasing emigration combined with low immigration and a low birth rate.
WOMEN'S HEALTH RESEARCH
The unmet need for contraception among Nigerian women in the first year post-partum
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Sub-Saharan Africa)
The European Journal of Contraception and Reproductive Health Care. 2005 Dec;10(4):229-234.
Adeyemi AB | Ijadunola KT | Orji EO | Kuti O | Alabi MM
This study determined the level of unmet need for contraception among women in the first year post-delivery in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. There was a high level of unmet need (59.4%) in the sample of Nigerian women despite a high level of awareness of common methods of contraception. Education and parity had no significant effect on usage of contraception. No reason was given for non-usage in the largest proportion (30.3%) of the non-users. Only one-third of the respondents could correctly report the ‘at-risk’ period for getting pregnant in the post-partum period.
WOMEN'S HEALTH NEWS
DRC: Rape on the rise in North Kivu, as fighting displaces 70,000
(News Article; Sub-Saharan Africa)
10 Feb 2006
Integrated Regional Information Network
Incidents of rape have risen sharply along the Kanyabayonga-Kayna road in the Democratic Republic of Congo's North Kivu Province, where fighting between the army and renegade soldiers has displaced at least 70,000 people, according to humanitarian workers.
Great Lakes: Treat rape as crime against humanity, women urge
(News Article; Sub-Saharan Africa)
9 Feb 2006
Integrated Regional Information Network
Rape is a serious offence that should be treated as a crime against humanity, alongside genocide and war crimes, representatives of women's organizations in Africa's Great Lakes region have proposed.
YOUTH HEALTH RESEARCH
Community collaborative youth-focused HIV/AIDS prevention in South Africa and Trinidad: preliminary findings
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Central America and the Caribbean | Sub-Saharan Africa)
Journal of Pediatric Psychology. Online access February 1, 2006.
Baptiste DR | Bhana A | Petersen I | McKay M | Voisin D | Bell C | Martinez DD
This article describes the HIV crises in South Africa and Trinidad; outlines a community participatory research framework to adapt and deliver family-based prevention; and presents preliminary data from intervention pilots in each setting. Both settings reported promising results including high recruitment and retention and favorable pre to post changes in parent/youth frequency and comfort in talking about sensitive subjects, HIV transmission knowledge, and attitudes about persons with HIV/AIDS.
Effectiveness of structured teaching program in improving knowledge and attitude of school going adolescents on reproductive health
(Research Article; Asia)
(You need Adobe Acrobat Reader to access this document)
Kathmandu University Medical Journal. 2005 Oct-Dec;3(12):380-383.
Dhital AD | Badhu BP | Paudel RK | Uprety DK
This article studies the effectiveness of a structured teaching program in improving the reproductive health knowledge and attitude of adolescents in Nepal.
Contraceptive use by Maori youth in New Zealand: associated risk and protective factors
(Abstract; subscription needed for full text; Oceania)
The New Zealand Medical Journal. 2006 Jan 27;119(1228):U1816.
Clark T | Robinson E | Crengle S | Watson P
This study identified risk and protective factors associated with consistent contraception use by sexually active Maori youth. Consistent use of condoms is a common self-reported contraceptive practice by many young Maori. However, this behavior is not universal, and in view of the significant sexual and reproductive health disparities that exist for Maori youth, sexual and reproductive health programs should examine a broader strategy of promoting protective factors such as strengthening youth-parent relationships and reducing risk factors, such as minimizing substance misuse.
YOUTH HEALTH NEWS
Jordan: Rights group launches drive to curb early marriage
(News Article; Middle East)
9 Feb 2006
Integrated Regional Information Network
A leading Jordanian rights group has launched the country's first ever public campaign to raise awareness about the dangers of early marriage.
Among Pakistan quake's fallen structures: barriers for girls
(Feature Article; Asia)
7 Feb 2006
The Christian Science Monitor
The fault line of October's quake encompasses some of the most conservative areas of largely Sunni Muslim Pakistan, where the rigid observance of purdah, a segregation of the sexes, has deprived many women of education, healthcare, and their own means of livelihood. Now hundreds of girls are attending school for the first time, learning math and science, Urdu and English in tents at the Maira Camp, a relief center where some 20,000 people live. The reason? Many parents needed them to work. But life in the camps has lifted many of those economic restraints.
Sex education a must
(News Article; Central America and the Caribbean)
9 Feb 2006
Jamaica Gleaner
The Vice President of the National Secondary Students Council is urging the Ministry of Education in Jamaica to insist that all secondary schools adopt the Reform of Secondary Education (ROSE) curriculum, which includes HIV/AIDS and reproductive health information.
Children neglected in battle against AIDS: UN
(News Article; Global)
9 Feb 2006
Reuters
Children affected by HIV/AIDS are being neglected and not receiving the care and support they need, UN health experts said recently.
Youth take oath to spread HIV/AIDS awareness
(News Article; Asia)
10 Feb 2006
New Kerala
More than 150 persons from districts of Malwa-Nimar region in Bhopal, India took part in a two-day anti-HIV/AIDS youth meeting organised by UNICEF and Madhya Pradesh Voluntary Health Association (MPVHA) to help spread awareness on the issue.
BOOKS/BOOK REVIEWS
HIV/AIDS in Europe: Moving from death sentence to chronic disease
(Book; Europe)
World Health Organization, Regional Office for Europe, 2006.
This book tells the story of the epidemic from a broad variety of perspectives: biomedical, social, cultural, economic and political. The authors are leading experts and include both the infected and the affected, be they doctors or former drug users, United Nations employees or gay men, public health researchers or community activists. They describe how, from the first documented cases in 1981 to the present era of antiretroviral management, controlling the human immunodeficiency virus in Europe has proven elusive. The chapters not only analyse the past and survey the present, but suggest how to move forward towards two fundamental goals: universal treatment and halting the spread of HIV/AIDS.
SPECIAL REPORTS/PROFILES/RESOURCES
Synergising HIV/AIDS and sexual and reproductive rights: a manual for NGOs
(Teaching and Training Material; Global)
(You need Adobe Acrobat Reader to access this document)
Copenhagen, AIDSNET, 2006.
Liljestrand J | Lazarus JV | Bryld J | Ostergaard LR
The 28 short chapters of this manual for NGOs illustrate how work on HIV/AIDS, sexual and reproductive health and rights, and other public health issues can be integrated. It emphasizes important societal aspects and the most important health system factors. The manual is meant to be a practical tool for NGOs and therefore provides "entry points" for NGOs as well as annotated resources. The manual includes a CD-ROM, which contains the manual in a PDF format and design files, which enable any organization to adapt and reprint the manual according to their needs.
Models for life: advancing antiretroviral therapy in sub-Saharan Africa
(Working Paper)
(You need Adobe Acrobat Reader to access this document)
Bromma, Blomberg & Janson, 2005.
Lazarus JV | Christiansen C | Østergaard LR | Richey LA
The chapters in this volume are based on papers and panel discussions from an international conference entitled "Models for Life: What can we learn about ARV distribution from field experiences in low-income countries?", held in September 2004 in Copenhagen, Denmark, and a satellite seminar "The Power of the Pill: Challenges of ARVs in East Africa" the same month in Uppsala, Sweden.
Calendar of Events
March 2, 2006 - March 4, 20061st International Conference on Female Sexual Health and Dysfunction
This conference will cover the newest information and clinical studies on female sexual dysfunction (FSD), information on gynecologic health, and therapies for FSDs.
Event Location: Palm Springs, California, United States
March 7, 2006 - March 17, 2006
Behaviour Change Communication Planning
Offered by the International Center for Development Communication, this intensive course aims to explore the existing theories of behavior change as guidelines in the development of messages and selection of media as well as the establishment of an enabling environment in effecting desired behavior change in target groups. The output of the course is a communication plan with measurable results-based objectives, messages development, materials and media selection, cost-effective implementation, and objectives based monitoring and evaluation of the communication effort.
Contact's Name: International Center for Delopment Communication, Director / E-Mail: icdc.eto@ku.ac.th
Event Location: Bangkok, Thailand
March 8, 2006 - March 10, 2006
2006 NIMH / IAPAC International Conference on HIV Treatment Adherence
Human service, health care, and behavioral science professionals will examine scientific and practical strategies to enhance adherence to HIV treatment in a variety of settings.
Contact's Name: Aimee Clark / E-Mail: aclark@iapac.org
Event Location: Jersey City, New Jersey, United States
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