Bibliography
1. ADONI, A. and BEN CHETRIT, A. The management of intrauterine devices following uterine perforation. Contraception 43(1): 77-81. Jan. 1991.
2. AFFANDI, B. Some Indonesian experiences with IUD. Majalah Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia 16(5): 307-312. Feb. 1986.
3. ALI, M. and CLELAND, J. Contraceptive discontinuation in six developing countries: A cause-specific analysis. International Family Planning Perspectives 21(3): 92-97. Sep. 1995.
4. ALTUNYURT, S., DEMIR, N., and POSACI, C. A randomized controlled trial of coil removal prior to treatment of pelvic inflammatory disease. European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology 107(1): 81-84. Mar. 26, 2003.
5. AMKENI. Quarterly program report: Janurary 1st through March 31st 2005. May 2005. (Family Planning, Reproductive Health and Child Survival Services in Kenya) 53 p. (Unpublished)
6. ANDERSSON, J.K. and RYBO, G. Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device in the treatment of menorrhagia. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 97(8): 690-694. Aug. 1990.
7. ANDERSSON, K., ODLIND, V., and RYBO, G. Levonorgestrel-releasing and copper-releasing (Nova T) IUDs during five years of use: A randomized comparative trial. Contraception 49(1): 56-72. Jan. 1994.
8. ANTEBY, E., REVEL, A., BEN-CHETRIT, A., ROSEN, B., TADMOR, O., and YAGEL, S. Intrauterine device failure: Relation to its location within the uterine cavity. Obstetrics and Gynecology 81(1): 112-114. Jan. 1993.
9. BACKMAN, T., HUHTALA, S., LUOTO, R., TUOMINEN, J., RAURAMO, I., and KOSKENVUO, M. Advance information improves user satisfaction with the levonorgestrel intrauterine system. Obstetrics and Gynecology 99(4): 608-613. Apr. 2002.
10. BACKMAN, T., RAURAMO, I., HUHTALA, S., and KOSKENVUO, M. Pregnancy during the use of levonorgestrel intrauterine system. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 190(1): 50-54. Jan. 2004.
11. BAEYERTZ, J.D. and HARTFIELD, V.J. The Nova-T 200 intrauterine contraceptive device: A 12 year study. New Zealand Medical Journal 110(1043): 169-171. May 9, 1997.
12. BALOGH, S.A., KLAVON, S.L., BASNAYAKE, S., PUERTOLLANO, N., RAMOS, R.M., and GRUBB, G.S. Bleeding patterns and acceptability among Norplant users in two Asian countries. Contraception 39(5): 541-553. May 1989.
13. BARONE, M.A., FAISEL, A.J., ANDREWS, L., AHMED, J., RASHIDA, B., and KRISTENSEN, D. Adaptation and validation of a portable steam sterilizer for processing intrauterine device insertion instruments and supplies in low-resource settings. American Journal of Infection Control 25(4): 350-356. Aug. 1997.
14. BATAR, I., KUUKANKORPI, A., SILJANDER, M., ELOMAA, K., and RAURAMO, I. Five-year clinical experiences with NOVA T 380 copper IUD. Contraception 66(5): 309-314. Nov. 2002.
15. BAVEJA, R., BICHILLE, L.K., COYAJI, K.J., ENGINEER AD, GOGOI MP, HAZRA MN, KOCHHAR M, LAHIRI BC, MANUEL M, NANDA UK, RAI CHOUDHURY, G., ROHATGI, P., SENGUPTA, P.C., and ZAVERI, K. Randomized clinical trial with intrauterine devices (levonorgestrel intrauterine device (LNG), CuT 380Ag, CuT 220C, CuT 200B): A 36-month study. Indian Council of Medical Research Task Force on IUD. Contraception 39(1): 37-52. Jan. 1989.
16. BEGUM, F., COLTON, T., and SHAHNAZ, S. Innovative strategies to ensure high-quality IUD services to rural women: Lessons learned from Bangladesh. Presented at the 129th Annual Meeting of the American Public Health Association, Oct. 22, 2001.
*17. BEST, K. "Rehabilitating' the IUD. Network 23(1). Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, Family Health International. 2003.
18. BLANC, A.K., CURTIS, S.L., and CROFT, T.N. Monitoring contraceptive continuation: Links to fertility outcomes and quality of care. Studies in Family Planning 33(2): 127-140. Jun. 2002.
19. BOUNDS, W., HUTT, S., KUBBA, A., COOPER, K., GUILLEBAUD, J., and NEWMAN, G.B. Randomised comparative study in 217 women of three disposable plastic IUCD thread retrievers. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 99(11): 915-919. Nov. 1992.
20. BRAMBILA, C. and TRARACENA, B. Availability and acceptability of IUDs in Guatemala. New York, Population Council, Jun. 2003. 31 p.
21. BRATT, J.H., FOREIT, J., and DE VARGAS, T. Three strategies to promote sustainability of CEMOPLAF clinics in Ecuador. Studies in Family Planning 29(1): 58-68. Mar. 1998.
22. BROWN, L.F., BRUCE, J., FASSIHIAN, G., FISHER, A., GOROSH, M., HABERLAND, N., JONES, H., MAGGWA, N., MORGON, G.T., OJERMARK, M., PEARLMAN, E., PENCE, B., and VOGEL, C.G. How providers restrict access to family planning methods: Results from five African countries. In: Miller, K., Miller, R., Askew, I., Horn, M.C., and Ndhlovu, L., eds. Clinic-Based Family Planning and Reproductive Health Services in Africa: Findings from Situation Analysis Studies. New York, Population Council, 1998. p. 159-180.
23. CANTO DE CETINA, T.E., CANTO, P., and ORDONEZ LUNA, M. Effect of counseling to improve compliance in Mexican women receiving depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate. Contraception 63(3): 143-146. Mar. 2001.
24. CAO, X., ZHANG, W., ZHAO, X., LIN, N., and WANG, L. Three-year efficacy and acceptability of the GyneFix 200 intrauterine system. Contraception 69(3): 207-211. Mar. 2004.
25. CARAEL, M., VAN DE PERRE, P.H., LEPAGE, P.H., ALLEN, S., NSENGUMUREMYI, F., VAN GOETHEM, C., NTAHORUTABA, M., NZARAMBA, D., and CLUMECK, N. Human immunodeficiency virus transmission among heterosexual couples in Central Africa. AIDS 2(3): 201-205. 1988.
26. CAROLINA POPULATION CENTER (CPC) EVALUATION PROJECT. IUD use in Morocco: Identifying barriers and evaluating progress. Chapel Hill, North Carolina, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CPC, 1997. 2 p.
27. CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL. Current trends ectopic pregnancy: United States, 1990-1992. Morbidity Mortality Weekly Report 44(3): 46-48. Jan. 27, 1995.
28. CENTER FOR DRUG EVALUATION AND RESEARCH. US FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION (US FDA). Application Number: 21-225, Approval letter. Washington, D.C., US FDA, Dec. 6, 2000. 6 p.
29. CENTER FOR DRUG EVALUATION AND RESEARCH. US FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION (US FDA). Application Number: 21-225, Approved labeling. Washington, D.C., US FDA, 2000. 53 p.
*30. CHIOU, C.F., TRUSSELL, J., REYES, E., KNIGHT, K., and WALLACE, J. Economic analysis of contraceptives for women. Contraception 68(1): 3-10. Jul. 2003.
31. CLELAND, J. and ALI, M.M. Reproductive consequences of contraceptive failure in 19 developing countries. Obstetrics and Gynecology 104(2): 314-320. Aug. 2004.
32. COOPER, D.R. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT). In: Medical Encyclopedia. Bethesda, Maryland, MedlinePlus, Mar. 3, 2004.
33. CROSIGNANI, P.G., VERCELLINI, P., MOSCONI, P., OLDANI, S., CORTESI, I., and DE GIORGI, O. Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device versus hysteroscopic endometrial resection in the treatment of dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Obstetrics and Gynecology 90(2): 257-263. Aug. 1997.
34. DAVIES, A.J. Reduction of menstrual blood loss by naproxen in intrauterine contraceptive device users. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics 17(4): 353-354. Jan.-Feb. 1980.
35. DAVIES, A.J., ANDERSON, A.B., and TURNBULL, A.C. Reduction by naproxen of excessive menstrual bleeding in women using intrauterine devices. Obstetrics and Gynecology 57(1): 74-78. Jan. 1981.
36. DAY, L.M. Designing a family planning user fee system: A handbook for program managers. Family Planning Service Expansion and Technical Support Project, John Snow, Inc., 1993. 58 p.
37. DIAZ, J., FAUNDES, A., OLMOS, P., and DIAZ, M. Bleeding complaints during the first year of Norplant® implants use and their impact on removal rate. Contraception 53(2): 91-95. Feb. 1996.
38. DOLAN, L.M., MULHOLLAND, M., and PRICE, J. The levonorgestrel intra-uterine system: Therapeutic application in family planning. Journal of Family Planning and Reproductive Health Care 27(1): 19-21. Jan. 2001.
39. DOLL, H., VESSEY, M., and PAINTER, R. Return of fertility in nulliparous women after discontinuation of the intrauterine device: Comparison with women discontinuing other methods of contraception. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 108(3): 304-314. Mar. 2001.
40. DREISHPOON, I.H. Complications of pregnancy with an intrauterine contraceptive device in situ. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 121(3): 412-413. Feb. 1, 1975.
*41. EREN, N., RAMOS, R., and GRAY, R.H. Physicians vs. auxiliary nurse-midwives as providers of IUD services: A study in Turkey and the Philippines. Studies in Family Planning 14(2): 43-47. Feb. 1983.
42. ETTINGER, B., LI, D.K., and KLEIN, R. Unexpected vaginal bleeding and associated gynecologic care in postmenopausal women using hormone replacement therapy: Comparison of cyclic versus continuous combined schedules. Fertility and Sterility 69(5): 865-869. May 1998.
43. EUROPEAN STUDY GROUP ON HETEROSEXUAL TRANSMISSION OF HIV. Comparison of female to male and male to female transmission of HIV in 563 stable couples. British Medical Journal 304(6830): 809-813. Mar. 1992.
44. FAGUER, C. [Study and significance of ferritin levels in 104 women using intrauterine devices]. Journal de gynécologie, obstétrique et biologie de la reproduction 23(2): 141-144. 1994.
45. FAMILY HEALTH INTERNATIONAL (FHI). Effect of a provider-based educational outreach ("detailing") to stimulate IUCD use in Kenya: Protocol summary. FHI, 2003.
*46. FAMILY HEALTH INTERNATIONAL (FHI). IUD re-introduction in Kenya. Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, FHI, 2003. (FHI Briefs) 2 p.
47. FAMILY HEALTH INTERNATIONAL (FHI). Qualitative assessment of IUD service delivery in Kenya. FHI, 2003. (FHI Briefs) 2 p.
48. FAMILY HEALTH INTERNATIONAL. Introduction of the IUD Screening Checklist in family planning clinics: Field test results summary. [Draft]. 2005. 1 p.
49. FARLEY, T. (World Health Organization) [Effective life span of the TCu-380A IUD] Personal communication, Apr. 12, 2005.
*50. FARLEY, T.M., ROSENBERG, M.J., ROWE, P.J., CHEN, J.H., and MEIRIK, O. Intrauterine devices and pelvic inflammatory disease: An international perspective. Lancet 339(8796): 785-788. Mar. 28, 1992.
51. FARR, G. and AMATYA, R. Contraceptive efficacy of the Copper T 380A and Copper T 200 intrauterine devices: Results from a comparative clinical trial in six developing countries. Contraception 49(3): 231-243. Mar. 1994.
52. FARR, G., AMATYA, R., ACOSTA, M., EKWEMPU, C., and KISNINCI, H. Clinical performance of the TCu 380A and Lippes Loop IUDs in three developing countries. Contraception 52(1): 17-22. Jul. 1995.
53. FARR, G., AMATYA, R., BETANCOURT, J.D., DAVID, M., ALFONSO, L., and DACALOS, E. Clinical performance of the TCu 380A and TCu 220C IUDs in four developing country family planning clinics. Contraception 50(5): 417-429. Nov. 1994.
54. FARR, G., AMATYA, R., DOH, A., EKWEMPU, C.C., TOPPOZADA, M., and RUMINJO, J. An evaluation of the Copper-T 380A IUD's safety and efficacy at three African centers. Contraception 53(5): 293-298. May 1996.
*55. FARR, G., RIVERA, R., and AMATYA, R. Non-physician insertion of IUDs: Clinical outcomes among TCu380A insertions in three developing-country clinics. Advances in Contraception 14(1): 45-57. Mar. 1998.
56. FAUNDES, A., ALVAREZ, F., BRACHE, V., and TEJADA, A.S. The role of the levonorgestrel intrauterine device in the prevention and treatment of iron deficiency anemia during fertility regulation. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics 26(3): 429-433. Jun. 1988.
57. FAUNDES, A., TELLES, E., CRISTOFOLETTI, M.L., FAUNDES, D., CASTRO, S., and HARDY, E. The risk of inadvertent intrauterine device insertion in women carriers of endocervical Chlamydia trachomatis. Contraception 58(2): 105-109. Aug. 1998.
58. FINGER, W.R. Cost analysis serves many purposes. Network 18(2). Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, Family Health International. Winter 1998.
59. FINGER, W.R. Guidelines require comprehensive steps. Network 19(1). Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, Family Health International. Fall 1998.
*60. FISHER, A.A. and DE SILVA, V. Satisfied IUD acceptors as family planning motivators in Sri Lanka. Studies in Family Planning 17(5): 235-242. Sep.-Oct. 1986.
61. FOREIT, J., BRATT, J., FOREIT, K., and DE VARGAS, T. Cost control, access and quality of care: The impact of IUD revisit norms in Ecuador. Journal of Health and Population in Developing Countries 1(2): 11-18. 1998.
62. FOREIT, K.G., FOREIT, J.R., LAGOS, G., and GUZMAN, A. Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of postpartum IUD insertion in Lima, Peru. International Family Planning Perspectives 19(1): 19-24, 33. Mar. 1993.
63. FRENCH, R.S., COWAN, F.M., MANSOUR, D., HIGGINS, J.P., ROBINSON, A., PROCTER, T., MORRIS, S., and GUILLEBAUD, J. Levonorgestrel-releasing (20 µg/day) intrauterine systems (Mirena) compared with other methods of reversible contraceptives. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 107(10): 1218-1225. Oct. 2000.
*64. FRONTIERS IN REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH. Marketing new reproductive health services is cost-effective. OR Summaries, No. 26. Washington, D.C., Population Council, Dec. 2001. 2 p.
65. FRONTIERS IN REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH. Ghana & Guatemala contraceptive choice: Clients and providers need better support and guidance on IUDs. OR Summaries, No. 32. Washington, D.C., Population Council, Jul. 2003. 2 p.
66. FRONTIERS IN REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH and OPPORTUNITIES AND CHOICES RESEARCH PROGRAMME OF THE UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON. Workshop report: Developing and testing strategies for increasing awareness of the IUD as a contraceptive option. Southampton, UK, Feb. 18-20, 2004. 71 p.
67. FULCHERI, E., DI CAPUA, E., and RAGNI, N. Pregnancy despite IUD: Adverse effects on pregnancy evolution and fetus. Contraception 68(1): 35-38. Jul. 2003.
*68. FURLONG, L.A. Ectopic pregnancy risk when contraception fails: A review. Journal of Reproductive Medicine 47(11): 881-885. Nov. 2002.
69. GAO, J., WANG, S.L., WU, S.C., SUN, B.L., ALLONEN, H., and LUUKKAINEN, T. Comparison of the clinical performance, contraceptive efficacy and acceptability of levonorgestrel-releasing IUD and Norplant-2 implants in China. Contraception 41(5): 485-494. May 1990.
70. GAREEN, I.F. Intrauterine devices and pelvic inflammatory disease. Current Women's Health Reports 3(4): 280-287. Aug. 1, 2003.
71. GENZ, F. Country case study. IUD Toolkit: Kenya. Washington, D.C., MAQ IUD Subcommittee, Jun. 2005.
72. GOH, T.H., HARIHARAN, M., and TAN, C.H. A longitudinal study of serum iron indices and haemoglobin concentration following copper-IUD insertion. Contraception 22(4): 389-395. Oct. 1980.
73. GOMMAA, H.I. Effects of contraceptive counseling on mother's acceptance, continuation rate and side effects of I.U.D. and pill. Summary. 1991. 11 p. (Unpublished)
74. GORSLINE, J.C. and OSBORNE, N.G. Management of the missing intrauterine contraceptive device: Report of a case. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 153(2): 228-229. Sep. 15, 1985.
75. GRIMES, D., SCHULZ, K., and STANWOOD, N. Immediate postabortal insertion of intrauterine devices (Cochrane Review). In: The Cochrane Library, Issue 2, 2004.
76. GRIMES, D., SCHULZ, K., VAN VLIET, H., and STANWOOD, N. Immediate post-partum insertion of intrauterine devices (Cochrane Review). In: The Cochrane Library, Issue 2, 2004.
*77. GRIMES, D.A. Intrauterine device and upper-genital-tract infection. Lancet 356(9234): 1013-1019. Sep. 16, 2000.
78. GRIMES, D.A. Intrauterine devices and infertility: Sifting through the evidence. Lancet 358(9275): 6-7. Jul. 7, 2001.
79. GRIMES, D.A. IUD safety. Dialogues in Contraception 7(1): 4. Summer 2001.
80. GU, S.J., DU, M.G., YUAN, D.Y., ZHANG, L.D., XU, M.F., LIU, Y.L., WANG, S.H., WU, S.L., WANG, P.Z., GAO, Y.L., HE, X., QI, L.F., CHEN, C.R., LIU, Y.P., MO, P., and SIVIN, I. A two-year study of acceptability, side effects, and effectiveness of Norplant and Norplant-2 implants in the People's Republic of China. Contraception 38(6): 641-657. Dec. 1988.
81. GUILLEBAUD, J. Intrauterine devices and infertility. Lancet 358(9291): 1460. Oct. 27, 2001.
82. GUILLEBAUD, J. Intrauterine devices. In: Guillebaud, J. Contraception: Your Questions Answered. 4th ed. Churchill Livingstone, Nov. 2003. p. 357-449.
83. GUILLEBAUD, J., ANDERSON, A.B., and TURNBULL, A.C. Reduction of mefenamic acid of increased menstrual blood loss associated with intrauterine contraception. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 85(1): 53-62. Jan. 1978.
84. GYAPONG, J., ADDICO, G., OSEI, I., ABBEY, M., and KOBINAH, D.A. An assessment of trends in the use of the IUD in Ghana. Population Council, May 2003. 35 p.
85. HAJII, N. and LAKSISIR, A. [Qualitative study on the intrauterine device (IUD) in Morocco]. Rabat, Morocco, Royaume du Maroc, Ministère de la Santé Publique, Direction de la Population, Programme de Planification Familiale, Nov. 1996. 80 p.
86. HARMAN, S.M., NAFTOLIN, F., BRINTON, E.A., and JUDELSON, D.R. Is the estrogen controversy over? Deconstructing the Women's Health Initiative Study: A critical evaluation of the evidence. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1052: 43-56. Jun. 2005.
87. HASSAN, E.O., EL-HUSSEINI, M., and EL-NAHAL, N. The effect of 1-year use of the CuT 380A and oral contraceptive pills on hemoglobin and ferritin levels. Contraception 60(2): 101-105. Aug. 1999.
88. HEIKKILÄ, M., NYLANDER, P., and LUUKKAINEN, T. Body iron stores and patterns of bleeding after insertion of a levonorgestrel- or a copper-releasing intrauterine contraceptive device. Contraception 26(5): 465-474. Nov. 1982.
89. HENRY-SUCHET, J., SLUZHINSKA, A., and SERFATY, D. Chlamydia trachomatis screening in family planning centers: A review of cost/benefit evaluations in different countries. European Journal of Contraception and Reproductive Health Care 1(4): 301-309. Dec. 1996.
90. HODOGLUGIL, N.N., ASLAN, D., and BERTAN, M. Intrauterine device use and some issues related to sexually transmitted disease screening and occurrence. Contraception 61(6): 359-364. Jun. 2000.
91. HONEY, E. and TEMPLETON, A. Prevention of pelvic inflammatory disease by the control of C. trachomatis infection. International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics 78(3): 257-261. Sep. 2002.
*92. HUBACHER, D., CÁRDENAS, C., HERNÁNDEZ, D., CORTÉS, M., and JANOWITZ, B. The costs and benefits of IUD follow-up visits in the Mexican Social Security Institute. International Family Planning Perspectives 25(1): 21-26. Mar. 1999. (
93. HUBACHER, D., GOCO, N., GONZALEZ, B., and TAYLOR, D. Factors affecting continuation rates of DMPA. Contraception 60(6): 345-351. Dec. 1999.
*94. HUBACHER, D., LARA-RICALDE, R., TAYLOR, D.J., GUERRA-INFANTE, F., and GUZMAN-RODRIGUEZ, R. Use of copper intrauterine devices and the risk of tubal infertility among nulligravad women. New England Journal of Medicine 345(8): 561-567. Aug. 23, 2001.
95. INFO PROJECT and WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO). Outcomes of the Expert Working Group Meeting. Proceedings of the Expert Working Group Meeting to Develop Consensus for the Global Handbook for Family Planning Providers, Geneva, Jun. 22-24, 2005. 8 p. (Unpublished)
96. INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE POST-MARKETING SURVEILLANCE OF NORPLANT. Post-marketing surveillance of Norplant contraceptive implants: I. Contraceptive efficacy and reproductive health. Contraception 63(4): 167-186. Apr. 2001.
*97. INTERNATIONAL PLANNED PARENTHOOD FEDERATION (IPPF) and WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO). The intrauterine device (IUD). [Draft]. IPPF and WHO, Fall 2001. (IPPF/WHO Myth Monograph) 20 p.
98. IRVINE, G.A., CAMPBELL-BROWN, M.B., LUMSDEN, M.A., HEIKKILÄ, A., WALKER, J.J., and CAMERON, I.T. Randomised comparative trial of the levonorgestrel intrauterine system and norethisterone for treatment of idiopathic menorrhagia. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 105(6): 592-598. Jun. 1998.
99. JACOBSTEIN, R. (EngenderHealth) [Countries where the ACQUIRE Project is working to increase access to IUDs] Personal communication, Aug. 26, 2005.
*100. JANOWITZ, B., HUBACHER, D., PETRICK, T., and DIGHE, T. Should the recommended number of IUD revisits be reduced? Studies in Family Planning 25(6): 362-367. Nov.-Dec. 1994.
101. JESSANI, N., NYBRO, E., and VIRK, J. Reintroduction of the IUD: An analysis of current use and recommendations for future programs. Chapel Hill, North Carolina, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, 2004. 41 p. (Student Project)
102. JHPIEGO. IUD guidelines for family planning service programs: A problem-solving reference manual. 2nd ed. Mcintosh, N., Kinzie, B., and Blouse, A., eds. Baltimore, JHPIEGO, 1995.
103. JHPIEGO. IUD ModCal course notebook for trainers. Baltimore, JHPIEGO, Aug. 1999.
104. JOESOEF, M.R., KARUNDENG, A., RUNTUPALIT, C., MORAN, J.S., and LEWIS, J.S. High rate of bacterial vaginosis among women with intrauterine devices in Manado, Indonesia. Contraception 64(3): 169-172. Sep. 2001.
105. JOSSENS, M.O., SCHACHTER, J., and SWEET, R.L. Risk factors associated with pelvic inflammatory disease of differing microbial etiologies. Obstetrics and Gynecology 83(6): 989-997. Jun. 1994.
106. KAPIGA, S.H., LYAMUYA, E.F., LWIHULA, G.K., and HUNTER, D.J. The incidence of HIV-1 infection among women using family planning methods in Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania. AIDS 12(1): 75-84. Jan. 1, 1998.
107. KAPIGA, S.H., SHAO, J.F., LWIHULA, G.K., and HUNTER, D.J. Risk factors for HIV infection among women in Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 7(3): 301-309. Mar. 1994.
108. KATZ, K., JOHNSON, L., JANOWITZ, B., and CARRANZA, J.M. Reasons for the low level of IUD use in El Salvador. International Family Planning Perspectives 28(1): 26-31. Mar. 2002.
109. KENYA CENTRAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS (CBS), KENYA MINISTRY OF HEALTH (MOH), and ORC MACRO. Kenya Demographic and Health Survey, 2003. Calverton, Maryland, CBS, MOH, and ORC Macro, Jul. 2004.
*110. KENYA MINISTRY OF HEALTH. An extremely low-cost option. IUCD Method Briefs: A New Look at IUDs, No. 3. Nairobi, Kenya, 2003. 2 p.
111. KENYA MINISTRY OF HEALTH. IUCD method briefs: A new look at IUDs. Nairobi, Kenya, Kenya Ministry of Health, 2003.
112. KIRKINEN, P., SIMOJOKI, M., KIVELA, A., and JOUPPILA, P. Ultrasound-controlled removal of a dislocated intrauterine device in the first trimester of pregnancy: A report of 26 cases. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology 2(5): 345-348. Sep. 1, 1992.
113. KREDITANSTALT FÜR WIDERAUFBAU ENTWICKLUNGSBANK (KfW Development Bank). Output-based aid, KfW, 2004.
114. LANDE, R.E. Performance improvement. Population Reports, Series J, No. 52. Baltimore, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Population Information Program, Spring 2002. 28 p.
115. LARSSON, G., MILSOM, I., JONASSON, K., LINDSTEDT, G., and RYBO, G. The long-term effects of copper surface area on menstrual blood loss and iron status in women fitted with an IUD. Contraception 48(5): 471-480. Nov. 1993.
*116. LARSSON, P.G., BERGSTROM, M., FORSUM, U., JACOBSSON, B., STRAND, A., and WOLNER-HANSSEN, P. Bacterial vaginosis. Transmission, role in genital tract infection and pregnancy outcome: An enigma. Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica, et Immunologica Scandinavica 113(4): 233-245. Apr. 2005.
117. LASSNER, K.J., CHEN, C.H., KROPSCH, L.A., OBERLE, M.W., LOPES, I.M., and MORRIS, L. Comparative study of safety and efficacy of IUD insertions by physicians and nursing personnel in Brazil. Bulletin of the Pan American Health Organization 29(3): 206-215. Sep. 1995.
*118. LAZCANO PONCE, E.C., SLOAN, N.L., WINIKOFF, B., LANGER, A., and COGGINS, C. The power of information and contraceptive choice in a family planning setting in Mexico. Sexually Transmitted Infections 76(4): 277-281. 2000.
119. LEI, Z., WU, S.C., GARCEAU, R.J., JIANG, S., YANG, Q., WANG, W., and VANDER MEULEN, T.C. Effect of pretreatment counseling on discontinuation rates in Chinese women given depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate for contraception. Contraception 53(6): 357-361. Jun. 1996.
120. LÉON, F.R., RIOS, A., ZUMARÁN, A., DE LA CRUZ, M., BRAMBILA, C., and BRATT, J.H. Enhancing quality for clients: The balanced counseling strategy. Washington, D.C., Frontiers in Reproductive Health, Population Council, Jul. 2003. 11 p.
121. LIEDHOLM, P. and SJOBERG, N.O. Two years experience with Copper-T 200 in a Swedish population: A comparison between nulliparous and parous women. Contraception 10(1): 55-61. Jul. 1974.
*122. LIMPAPHAYOM, K., AJELLO, C., REINPRAYOON, D., LUMBIGANON, P., and GAFFIKIN, L. The effectiveness of model-based training in accelerating IUD skill acquisition. A study of midwives in Thailand. British Journal of Family Planning 23(2): 58-61. Jul. 1997.
123. LU, R. (JHPIEGO) [Signs to help detect cervical infections] Personal communication, 2005.
124. LU, R. and PLEAH, T. (JHPIEGO) [Using the WHO Medical Eligibility Criteria to update national service delivery guidelines] Personal communication, Jul. 13, 2005.
125. LUUKKAINEN, T., ALLONEN, H., HAUKKAMAA, M., HOLMA, P., PYÖRÄLÄ, T., TERHO, J., TOIVONEN, J., BATAR, I., LAMPE, L., ANDERSSON, K., ATTERFELDT, P., JOHANSSON, E.D.B., NILSSON, S., NYGREN, K.G., ODLIND, V., OLSSON, S.E., RYBO, G., SIKSTRÖM, B., NIELSEN, N.C., BUCH, A., OSLER, M., STEIER, A.J., and ULSTEIN, M. Effective contraception with the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device: 12-month report of a European multicenter study. Contraception 36(2): 169-179. Aug. 1987.
126. LUUKKAINEN, T., ALLONEN, H., NIELSEN, N.C., NYGREN, K.G., and PYORALA, T. Five years' experience of intrauterine contraception with the Nova-T and the Copper-T-200. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 147(8): 885-892. Dec. 15, 1983.
127. LUUKKAINEN, T., PAKARINEN, P., and TOIVONEN, J. Progestin-releasing intrauterine systems. Seminars in Reproductive Medicine 19(4): 355-363. Dec. 2001.
128. MAGGWA, N. Using evidence to change practices: The case for the IUDs in the era of HIV/AIDS. Presented at the Implementing Best Practices Conference, Entebbe, Uganda, Jun. 21-25, 2004. Family Health International.
129. MAKARAINEN, L. and YLIKORKALA, O. Ibuprofen prevents IUCD-induced increases in menstrual blood loss. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 93(3): 285-288. Mar. 1986.
130. MANN, J.M., NZILAMBI, N., PIOT, P., BOSENGE, N., KALALA, M., FRANCIS, H., COLEBUNDERS, R.C., AZILA, P.K., CURRAN, J.W., and QUINN, T.C. HIV infection and associated risk factors in female prostitutes in Kinshasa, Zaire. AIDS 2(4): 249-254. Aug. 1988.
131. MARTIN, H.L., NYANGE, P.M., RICHARDSON, B.A., LAVREYS, L., MANDALIYA, K., JACKSON, D.J., NDINYA-ACHOLA, J.O., and KREISS, J. Hormonal contraception, sexually transmitted diseases, and risk of heterosexual transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1. Journal of Infectious Diseases 178(4): 1053-1059. Oct. 1998.
132. MATI, J.K., HUNTER, D.J., MAGGWA, B.N., and TUKEI, P.M. Contraceptive use and the risk of HIV infection in Nairobi, Kenya. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics 48(1): 61-67. Jan. 1995.
*133. MCBRIDE, J. and AHMED, R. Social franchising as a strategy for expanding access to reproductive health services: A case study of the Green Star service delivery network in Pakistan. Washington, D.C., Commercial Market Strategies, Sep. 2001. (Commercial Market Strategies Technical Paper Series) 90 p.
134. MCGINN, E. (Family Health International) [IUCD uptake in Kenya] Personal communication, Mar. 2, 2005.
135. MCGINN, E., TERI, E., BUKUSI, V., TIEDEMANN, M., WELSH, M., and NUTLEY, T. Global evidence for local decisions: Re-introducing the IUD in Kenya. Presented at the 5th International Conference on the Scientific Basis of Health Services, Washington D.C., Sep. 20-23, 2003.
136. MEIRIK, O., FARLEY, T.M., SIVIN, I., and DIAZ, S. Post-marketing surveillance of Norplant contraceptive implants: I. Contraceptive efficacy and reproductive health. Contraception 63(4): 167–186. Apr. 2001.
137. MELNGAILIS, I. and EBER, M. IUD toolkit: Marketing communications component outline. Presented at the MAQ Subcomittee on IUDs, Arlington, Virgina,, Jan. 10, 2005. The Acquire Project and Population Services International. (39 slides)
138. MENDOZA, I. and VERNON, R. Promoting reproductive health services in rural communities in Honduras. Washington, D.C., Population Council, Jun. 15, 2001. 11 p.
139. MERKI-FELD, G.S., LEBEDA, E., HOGG, B., and KELLER, P.J. The incidence of actinomyces-like organisms in Papanicolaou-stained smears of copper- and levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine devices. Contraception 61(6): 365-368. Jun. 2000.
140. MERMET, J., BOLCATO, C., RUDIGOZ, R.C., and DARGENT, D. [Outcome of pregnancies with an intrauterine devices and their management]. Revue française de gynécologie et d'obstétrique 81(4): 233-235. Apr. 1986.
141. MINISTRY OF POPULATION WELFARE GOVERNMENT OF PAKISTAN. Knowledge and use of contraception. In: Pakistan Reproductive Health and Family Planning Survey 2000-01.
142. MISHELL, D.R. Current status of contraceptive steroids and the intrauterine device. Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology 17(1): 35-51. Mar. 1974.
143. MISHELL, D.R., JR., BELL, J.H., GOOD, R.G., and MOYER, D.L. The intrauterine device: A bacteriologic study of the endometrial cavity. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 96(1): 119-126. Sep. 1, 1966.
144. MISHELL, D.R., JR. and SULAK, P.J. The IUD: Dispelling the myths and assessing the potential. Dialogues in Contraception 5(2): 1-4. Spring 1997.
*145. MOHLLAJEE, A. Sexually transmitted infections and intrauterine devices. 2004. (Systematic review conducted for the Expert Working Group Meeting to Update the Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use) 33 p. (Unpublished)
146. MOL, B.W., ANKUM, W.M., BOSSUYT, P.M., and VAN DER VEEN, F. Contraception and the risk of ectopic pregnancy: A meta-analysis. Contraception 52(6): 337-341. Dec. 1995.
*147. MORRISON, C.S., SEKADDE-KIGONDU, C., MILLER, W.C., WEINER, D.H., and SINEI, S.K. Use of sexually transmitted disease risk assessment algorithms for selection of intrauterine device candidates. Contraception. 59(2): 97-106. Feb. 1999.
*148. MORRISON, C.S., SEKADDE-KIGONDU, C., SINEI, S.K., WEINER, D.H., and KWOK, C. Is the intrauterine device appropriate contraception for HIV-1-infected women? British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 108(8): 784-790. Aug. 2001.
149. MOSTAD, S.B., OVERBAUGH, J., DEVANGE, D.M., WELCH, M.J., CHOHAN, B., MANDALIYA, K., NYANGE, P., MARTIN, H.L., JR., NDINYA-ACHOLA, J., BWAYO, J.J., and KREISS, J.K. Hormonal contraception, vitamin A deficiency, and other risk factors for shedding of HIV-1 infected cells from the cervix and vagina. Lancet 350(9082): 922-927. Sep. 1997.
150. NAFTOLIN, F., TAYLOR, H.S., KARAS, R., BRINTON, E., NEWMAN, I., CLARKSON, T.B., MENDELSOHN, M., LOBO, R.A., JUDELSON, D.R., NACHTIGALL, L.E., HEWARD, C.B., HECHT, H., JAFF, M.R., and HARMAN, S.M. The Women's Health Initiative could not have detected cardioprotective effects of starting hormone therapy during the menopausal transition. Fertility and Sterility 81(6): 1498-1501. Jun. 2004.
151. NATIONAL COUNCIL FOR POPULATION AND DEVELOPMENT and INSTITUTE FOR RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT / MACRO SYSTEMS. Kenya Demographic and Health Survey, 1989. Columbia, Maryland, Institute for Resource Development/Macro Systems, Inc., Oct. 1989. 158 p.
*152. NESS, R.B., HILLIER, S.L., KIP, K.E., SOPER, D.E., STAMM, C.A., MCGREGOR, J.A., BASS, D.C., SWEET, R.L., RICE, P., and RICHTER, H.E. Bacterial vaginosis and risk of pelvic inflammatory disease. Obstetrics and Gynecology 104(4): 761-769. Oct. 2004.
153. NEUTEBOOM, K., DE KROON, C.D., DERSJANT-ROORDA, M., and JANSEN, F.W. Follow-up visits after IUD-insertion: Sense or nonsense? A technology assessment study to analyze the effectiveness of follow-up visits after IUD insertion. Contraception 68(2): 101-104. 2003.
154. NICOLOSI, A., CORREA LEITE, M.L., MUSICCO, M., ARICI, C., GAVAZZENI, G., and LAZZARIN, A. The efficiency of male-to-female and female-to-male sexual transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus: A study of 730 stable couples. Italian Study Group on HIV Heterosexual Transmission. Epidemiology 5(6): 570-575. Nov. 1994.
155. NILSSON, C.G., LÄHTEENMÄKI, P.L., and LUUKKAINEN, T. Ovarian function in amenorrheic and menstruating users of a levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device. Fertility and Sterility 41(1): 52-55. Jan. 1984.
156. ODDENS, B.J. Women's satisfaction with birth control: A population survey of physical and psychological effects of oral contraceptives, intrauterine devices, condoms, natural family planning, and sterilization among 1466 women. Contraception 59(5): 277-286. May 1999.
157. OHANA, E., SHEINER, E., LERON, E., and MAZOR, M. Appendix perforation by an intrauterine contraceptive device. European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology 88(2): 129-131. Feb. 2000.
158. ORGANON FRANCE. Mentions légales Multiload®. Sep. 2003.
159. PAAVONEN, J. and LEHTINEN, M. Chlamydial pelvic inflammatory disease. Human Reproduction Update 2(6): 519-529. Nov.-Dec. 1996.
160. PAKARINEN, P., TOIVONEN, J., and LUUKKAINEN, T. Randomized comparison of levonorgestrel- and copper-releasing intrauterine systems immediately after abortion, with 5 years' follow-up. Contraception 68(1): 31-34. Jul. 2003.
161. PAKARINEN, P.I., SUVISAARI, J., LUUKKAINEN, T., and LÄHTEENMÄKI, P. Intracervical and fundal administration of levonorgestrel for contraception: Endometrial thickness, patterns of bleeding, and persisting ovarian follicles. Fertility and Sterility 68(1): 59-64. Jul. 1997.
162. PANEL ON REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH, COMMITTEE ON POPULATION, COMMISSION ON BEHAVIORAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCES AND EDUCATION, NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL. Reproductive health in developing countries: Expanding dimensions, Building solutions. Tsui, A.O., Wasserheit, J.N., and Haaga, J.G., eds. Washington, D.C., National Academy Press, 1997. 314 p.
163. PAP-AKESON, M., SOLHEIM, F., THORBERT, G., and AKERLUND, M. Genital tract infections associated with the intrauterine contraceptive device can be reduced by inserting the threads into the uterine cavity. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 99(8): 676-679. Aug. 1992.
164. PETERSEN, K.R., BROOKS, L., JACOBSEN, B., and SKOUBY, S.O. Intrauterine devices in nulliparous women. Advances in Contraception 7(4): 333-338. Dec. 1991.
165. PETTA, C.A., AMATYA, R., and FARR, G. Clinical evaluation of the TCu 380A IUD at six Latin American centers. Contraception 50(1): 17-25. Jul. 1994.
166. PLATT, R., RICE, P.A., and MCCORMACK, W.M. Risk of acquiring gonorrhea and prevalence of abnormal adnexal findings among women recently exposed to gonorrhea. Journal of the American Medical Association 250(23): 3205-3209. Dec. 16, 1983.
167. PLOURDE, P.J., PLUMMER, F.A., PEPIN, J., AGOKI, E., MOSS, G., OMBETTE, J., RONALD, A.R., CHEANG, M., D'COSTA, L., and NDINYA-ACHOLA, J.O. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in women attending a sexually transmitted diseases clinic in Kenya. Journal of Infectious Diseases 166(1): 86-92. Jul. 1992.
168. POPULATION COUNCIL. Population Council applauds FDA approval of Mirena®. Dec. 7, 2000.
169. POPULATION REFERENCE BUREAU (PRB). Family planning worldwide: 2002 data sheet. PRB, 2002. 11 p.
170. POTTS, M. The potential for output-based health services in Kenya: Report to Kreditanstalt für Wideraufbau Frankfurt. Jun. 14, 2002. 29 p. (Unpublished)
171. POTTS, M. (University of California, Berkeley) [Output-based health services in Kenya] Personal communication, Feb. 15, 2005.
172. POTTS, M. (University of California, Berkeley) [Signs to help detect cervical infections] Personal communication, 2005.
173. PREMA, K., MALHOTRA, U., CHOUDHURY, S.D., and SAXENA, N.C. Uterine perforations with Copper T IUDs. Contraceptive Delivery System 2(4): 327-329. Oct. 1981.
174. PRESCRIPTION SOLUTIONS. RxNews: 2003 patent expiration. 2005.
175. RAUDASKOSKI, T., TAPANAINEN, J., TOMAS, E., LUOTOLA, H., PEKONEN, F., RONNI-SIVULA, H., TIMONEN, H., RIPHAGEN, F., and LAATIKAINEN, T. Intrauterine 10 microg and 20 microg levonorgestrel systems in postmenopausal women receiving oral oestrogen replacement therapy: Clinical, endometrial and metabolic response. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 109(2): 136-144. Feb. 2002.
176. REES, E. The treatment of pelvic inflammatory disease. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 138(7 Pt 2): 1042-1047. Dec. 1, 1980.
177. REINPRAYOON, D., GILMORE, C., FARR, G., and AMATYA, R. Twelve-month comparative multicenter study of the TCu 380A and ML 250 intrauterine devices in Bangkok, Thailand. Contraception 58(4): 201-206. Oct. 1998.
178. REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH OUTLOOK. Family planning program issues. Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH), 2004.
179. RHINTERCHANGE. The Supply Initiative.
*180. RICHARDSON, B.A., MORRISON, C.S., SEKADDE-KIGONDU, C., SINEI, S.K., OVERBAUGH, J., PANTELEEFF, D.D., WEINER, D.H., and KREISS, J.K. Effect of intrauterine device use on cervical shedding of HIV-1 DNA. AIDS 13(15): 2091-2097. Oct. 22, 1999.
*181. RINEHART, W. WHO updates medical eligibility criteria for contraceptives. INFO Reports, No. 1. Baltimore, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, The INFO Project, Aug. 2004. 8 p.
182. RIVERA, R., ALMONTE, H., ARREOLA, M., LOPEZ, F., MONARREZ, G., NAVARRO, C., ORTIZ, E., PERKIN, G.W., and RUIZ, R. The effects of three different regimens of oral contraceptives and three different intrauterine devices on the levels of hemoglobin, serum iron and iron binding capacity in anemic women. Contraception 27(3): 311-327. Mar. 1983.
183. RIVERA, R., CHEN-MOK, M., and MCMULLEN, S. Analysis of client characteristics that may affect early discontinuation of the TCu-380A IUD. Contraception 60(3): 155-160. Sep. 1999.
184. RIVERA, R., GAITAN, J.R., NAVARRO, C.L., VALLES, J., ALMONTE, H., RUIZ, R., and HERNANDEZ, A.B. Effect of the Lippes IUD on the circulating levels of hemoglobin, hematocrit, serum iron and iron binding capacity in normal women. Contraception 17(3): 195-205. Mar. 1978.
185. RIVERA, R., YACOBSON, I., MCGINN, E., and HAYDON, A. (Family Health International) [Utility of the "positive swab test" for detection of cervical infections] Personal communication, Apr. 5, 2005.
186. ROBINSON, M. Country case study. IUD Toolkit: Guatemala. Washington, D.C., MAQ IUD Subcommittee, 2005.
187. ROBINSON, M. Country case study. IUD Toolkit: Honduras. Washington, D.C., MAQ IUD Subcommittee, 2005.
188. RÖNNERDAG, M. and ODLIND, V. Health effects of long-term use of the intrauterine levonorgestrel-releasing system. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica 78(8): 716-721. Sep. 1999.
189. ROSENBERG, M.J., FOLDESY, R., MISHELL, D.R., JR., SPEROFF, L., WAUGH, M.S., and BURKMAN, R. Performance of the TCu380A and Cu-Fix IUDs in an international randomized trial. Contraception 53(4): 197-203. Apr. 1996.
190. ROSENBERG, M.J., WAUGH, M.S., and BURNHILL, M.S. Compliance, counseling and satisfaction with oral contraceptives: A prospective evaluation. Family Planning Perspectives 30(2): 89-92, 104. Mar.-Apr. 1998.
191. ROSS, J. and WINFREY, W. Unmet need for contraception in the developing world and the former Soviet Union: An updated estimate. International Family Planning Perspectives 28(3): 138-143. Sep. 2002.
192. ROWE, A.K., DE SAVIGNY, D., LANATA, C.F., and VICTORA, C.G. How can we achieve and maintain high-quality performance of health workers in low-resource settings? Lancet 366(9490): 1026-1035. Sep. 17, 2005.
193. RUDY, S., TABBUTT-HENRY, J., SCHAEFER, L., and MCQUIDE, P.A. Improving client-provider interaction. Population Reports, Series Q, No. 1. Baltimore, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, The INFO Project, Fall, 2003.
194. SALEM, R. World Health Organization updates guidance on how to use contraceptives. INFO Reports, No. 4, Baltimore, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, The INFO Project, Apr. 2005. 8 p.
195. SCHERING OY. Mirena approvals around the world, March 2005. Helsinki, Finland, Aug. 15, 2005. 2 p. (Unpublished)
196. SCHMEDING, K. and GAFFIKIN, L. Integration of GTI management with family planning service delivery: Lessons learned in Zimbabwe. In: Issues in Management of STDs in Family Planning Settings. Workshop proceedings, April 19-21, 1995. Baltimore, JHPIEGO, Apr. 1996. p. 64-70.
197. SCHOLES, D., STERGACHIS, A., HEIDRICH, F.E., ANDRILLA, H., HOLMES, K.K., and STAMM, W.E. Prevention of pelvic inflammatory disease by screening for cervical chlamydial infection. New England Journal of Medicine 334(21): 1362-1366. May 23, 1996.
198. SEKADDE-KIGONDU, C., MWATHE, E.G., RUMINJO, J.K., NICHOLS, D., KATZ, K., JESSENCKY, K., and LIKU, J. Acceptability and discontinuation of Depo-Provera, IUCD and combined pill in Kenya. East African Medical Journal, 73(12): 786-794. Dec. 1996.
199. SHELTON, J. Dr. Jim Shelton's Pearls: IUD Mirena. Jan. 15, 2001.
*200. SHELTON, J. The provider perspective: Human after all. International Family Planning Perspectives 27(3):152-153, 161. Sep. 2001.
201. SHELTON, J. (US Agency for International Development) [Potential availability of Mirena through USAID] Personal communication, Jun. 27, 2005.
202. SHELTON, J. (US Agency for International Development) [Signs to help detect cervical infections] Personal communication, 2005.
*203. SHELTON, J., ANGLE, M.A., and JACOBSTEIN, R.A. Medical barriers to access to family planning. Lancet 340(8831): 1334-1335. Nov. 28, 1992.
*204. SHELTON, J. and RIVERA, R. IUDs: A resurging method. Baltimore, INFO Project, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Center for Communication Programs, Mar. 2004. (Global Health Technical Briefs) 2 p.
*205. SHELTON, J.D. Risk of clinical pelvic inflammatory disease attributable to an intrauterine device. Lancet 357(9254): 443. Feb. 10, 2001.
206. SIMMONS, R., HALL, P., DIAZ, M., FAJANS, P., and SATIA, J. The strategic approach to contraceptive introduction. Studies in Family Planning 28(2): 79-94. Jun. 1997.
207. SIMMS, I., ROGERS, P., and CHARLETT, A. The rate of diagnosis and demography of pelvic inflammatory disease in general practice: England and Wales. International Journal of STD and AIDS 10(7): 448-451. Jul. 1999.
208. SINEI, S.K., FORTNEY, J.A., KIGONDU, C.S., FELDBLUM, P.J., KUYOH, M., ALLEN, M.Y., and GLOVER, L.H. Contraceptive use and HIV infection in Kenyan family planning clinic attenders. International Journal of STD and AIDS 7(1): 65-70. Jan.-Feb.1996.
*209. SINEI, S.K., MORRISON, C.S., SEKADDE-KIGONDU, C., ALLEN, M., and KOKONYA, D. Complications of use of intrauterine devices among HIV-1-infected women. Lancet 351(9111): 1238-1241. Apr. 25, 1998.
210. SINEI, S.K., SCHULZ, K.F., LAMPTEY, P.R., GRIMES, D.A., MATI, J.K., ROSENTHAL, S.M., ROSENBERG, M.J., RIARA, G., NJAGE, P.N., BHULLAR, V.B., and OGEMBO, H.V. Preventing IUCD-related pelvic infection: The efficacy of prophylactic doxycycline at insertion. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 97(5): 412-419. May 1990.
211. SIVIN, I. International experience with NORPLANT and NORPLANT-2 contraceptives. Studies in Family Planning 19(2): 81-94. Mar.-Apr. 1988.
*212. SIVIN, I. Dose- and age-dependent ectopic pregnancy risks with intrauterine contraception. Obstetrics and Gynecology 78(2): 291-298. Aug. 1991.
*213. SIVIN, I. Another look at the Dalkon Shield: Meta-analysis underscores its problems. Contraception 48(1): 1-12. Jul. 1993.
*214. SIVIN, I., ALVAREZ, F., DIAZ, J., DIAZ, S., EL MAHGOUB, S., COUTINHO, E., BRACHE, V., DIAZ, M.M., FAUNDES, A., PAVEZ, M., MATTOS, C.E.R., and STERN, J. Intrauterine contraception with copper and with levonorgestrel: A randomized study of the TCu 380Ag and levonorgestrel 20 mcg/day devices. Contraception 30(5): 443-456. Nov. 1984.
*215. SIVIN, I., MAHGOUB, S.E., and MCCARTHY, T. Long-term contraception with the levonorgestrel 20 mcg/day (LNG-20) and the copper T 380Ag intrauterine devices: A five-year randomized study. Contraception 42: 361-378. 1990.
*216. SIVIN, I. and STERN, J. Long-acting, more effective Copper T IUDs: A summary of U.S. experience, 1970-75. Studies in Family Planning 10(10): 263-281. Oct. 1979.
*217. SIVIN, I. and STERN, J. Health during prolonged use of levonorgestrel 20 µg/d and the copper TCu 380Ag intrauterine contraceptive devices: A multicenter study. Fertility and Sterility 61(1): 70-77. Jan. 1994.
218. SIVIN, I., STERN, J., COUTINHO, E., MATTOS, C.E.R., EL MAHGOUB, S., DIAZ, S., PAVEZ, M., ALVAREZ, F., BRACHE, V., THEVENIN, F., DIAZ, J., FAUNDES, A., DIAZ, M.M., MCCARTHY, T., MISHELL, D.R., and SHOUPE, D. Prolonged intrauterine contraception: A seven-year randomized study of the levonorgestrel 20 mcg/day (LNg 20) and the copper T380 Ag IUDs. Contraception 44(5): 473-480. Nov. 1991.
219. SIVIN, I., STERN, J., DIAZ, J., DIAZ, M.M., FAUNDES, A., EL MAHGOUB, S., DIAZ, S., PAVEZ, M., COUTINHO, E., MATTOS, C.E., MCCARTHY, T., MISHELL, D.R., SHOUPE, D., ALVAREZ, F., BRACHE, V., and JIMENEZ, E. Two years of intrauterine contraception with levonorgestrel and with copper: A randomized comparison of the TCu 380Ag and levonorgestrel 20 mcg/day devices. Contraception 35(3): 245-255. Mar. 1987.
220. SKIBIAK, M.A. Country case study. IUD Toolkit: Nepal. Washington, D.C., MAQ IUD Subcommittee, Jun. 2005.
221. SKJELDESTAD, F.E. How effectively do copper intrauterine devices prevent ectopic pregnancy? Acta Obstetrica et Gynecologica Scandinavica 76(7): 684-690. Aug. 1997.
222. SKJELDESTAD, F.E., HALVORSEN, L.E., KAHN, H., NORDBO, S.A., and SAAKE, K. IUD users in Norway are at low risk for genital C. trachomatis infection. Contraception 54(4): 209-212. Oct. 1996.
223. SKJELDESTAD, F.E., HAMMERVOLD, R., and PETERSON, D.R. Outcomes of pregnancy with an IUD in situ--A population based case-control study. Advances in Contraception 4(4): 265-270. Dec. 1988.
*224. SONNENBERG, F.A., BURKMAN, R.T., HAGERTY, C.G., SPEROFF, L., and SPEROFF, T. Costs and net health effects of contraceptive methods. Contraception 69(6): 447-459. Jun. 2004.
225. SPENCE, M.R., ROBBINS, S.M., POLANSKY, M., and SCHABLE, C.A. Seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV-1) antibodies in a family-planning population. Sexually Transmitted Diseases 18(3): 143-145. 1991.
226. SPICEHANDLER, J. and SIMMONS, R. Contraceptive introduction reconsidered: A review and conceptual framework. Geneva, World Health Organization, 1994. 34 p.
227. SRI LANKA MINISTRY OF HEALTH (MOH), FAMILY HEALTH BUREAU, and FAMILY PLANNING ASSOCIATION OF SRI LANKA (FPASR). An experimental operations research field study to increase IUD acceptance in Sri Lanka. Colombo, Sri Lanka, MOH and FPASR, Oct. 1985. 53 p.
228. STAMM, W.E., GUINAN, M.E., JOHNSON, C., STARCHER, T., HOLMES, K.K., and MCCORMACK, W.M. Effect of treatment regimens for Neisseria gonorrhoeae on simultaneous infection with Chlamydia trachomatis. New England Journal of Medicine 310(9): 545-549. Mar. 1, 1984.
*229. STANBACK, J., BRECHIN, S.J., LYNAM, P., TOROITICH-RUTO, C., and SMITH, T. The effectiveness of national dissemination of updated reproductive health / family planning guidelines in Kenya. Final report. Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, Family Health International, Aug. 2001. 19 p.
230. STANBACK, J. and KATZ, K. Methodological quality of WHO medical eligibility criteria for contraceptive use. Contraception 66(1): 1-5. Jul. 2002.
231. STANBACK, J., OMONDI, O., and OMUODO, D. Final report. Why has IUD use slowed in Kenya? Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, Family Health International, Aug. 1995. 47 p.
232. STENCHEVER, M.A., DROEGEMUELLER, W., HERBST, A.L., and MISHELL, D.R. Comprehensive gynecology. 4th ed. St. Louis, Missouri, Mosby, 2001. 1325 p.
233. SULLIVAN, R.S. The competency-based approach to training. Baltimore, JHPIEGO, Sep. 1995. (JHPIEGO Strategy Paper) 11 p.
234. SUVANTO-LUUKKONEN, E., SUNDSTROM, H., PENTTINEN, J., LAARA, E., PRAMILA, S., and KAUPPILA, A. Percutaneous estradiol gel with an intrauterine levonorgestrel releasing device or natural progesterone in hormone replacement therapy. Maturitas 26(3): 211-217. Apr. 1997.
*235. SUVISAARI, J. and LÄHTEENMÄKI, P. Detailed analysis of menstrual bleeding patterns after postmenstrual and postabortal insertion of a copper IUD or a levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system. Contraception 54(4): 201-208. Oct. 1996.
236. SZALLER, J. One lawyer's 25 year journey: The Dalkon Shield saga. Ohio Trial 9(4). Winter 1999.
237. TANG, G.W. and LO, S.S. Levonorgestrel intrauterine device in the treatment of menorrhagia in Chinese women: Efficacy versus acceptability. Contraception 51(4): 231-235. Apr. 1995.
*238. TASK FORCE FOR EPIDEMIOLOGICAL RESEARCH ON REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH. Effects of contraceptives on hemoglobin and ferritin. Geneva, Switzerland. Contraception 58(5): 262-273. Nov. 1998.
239. TATUM, H.J., SCHMIDT, F.H., PHILLIPS, D., MCCARTY, M., and O'LEARY, W.M. The Dalkon Shield controversy. Structural and bacteriological studies of IUD tails. Journal of the American Medical Association 231(7): 711-717. Feb. 17, 1975.
240. TATUM, H.J., SCHMIDT, F.H., and PHILLIPS, D.M. Morphological studies of Dalkon shield tails removed from patients. Contraception 11(4): 465-477. Apr. 1975.
241. TAUBER, P.F., WOLF, A.S., HERTING, W., and ZANEVELD, L.J. Hemorrhage induced by intrauterine devices: Control by local proteinase inhibition. Fertility and Sterility 28(12): 1375-1377. Dec. 1977.
242. TEISALA, K. Removal of an intrauterine device and the treatment of acute pelvic inflammatory disease. Annals of Medicine 21(1): 63-65. Feb. 1989.
243. TOPPOZADA, M., ANWAR, M., ABDEL RAHMAN, H., and GAWEESH, S. Control of IUD-induced bleeding by three non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Contraceptive Delivery System 3(2): 117-125. Apr. 1982.
*244. TREIMAN, K., LISKIN, L., KOLS, A., and RINEHART, W. IUDs -- An update. Population Reports. Series B, No. 6. Baltimore, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Population Information Program, Dec. 1995. 35 p.
245. TRUSSELL, J. Contraceptive failure in the United States. Contraception 70(2): 89-96. Aug. 2004.
*246. TRUSSELL, J., LEVEQUE, J.A., KOENIG, J.D., LONDON, R., BORDEN, S., HENNEBERRY, J., LAGUARDIA, K.D., STEWART, F., WILSON, G., WYSOCKI, S., and STRAUSS, M. The economic value of contraception: A comparison of 15 methods. American Journal of Public Health 85(4): 494-503. Apr. 1995.
247. UNDP, UNFPA, AND WHO SPECIAL PROGRAMME OF RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH TRAINING IN HUMAN REPRODUCTION and WORLD BANK: IUD RESEARCH GROUP. The TCu 380A IUD and the frameless IUD "the FlexiGard": Interim three-year data from an international multicenter trial. Contraception 52(2): 77-83. Aug. 1995.
248. UNITED NATIONS (UN). World contraceptive use 2003. [Wall Chart]. New York, UN, 2004.
*249. UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME, UNITED NATIONS POPULATION FUND, WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION, and WORLD BANK. SPECIAL PROGRAMME OF RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH TRAINING IN HUMAN REPRODUCTION. Long-term reversible contraception: Twelve years of experience with the TCu380A and TCu220C. Contraception 56(6): 341-352. 1997.
250. UNITED NATIONS POPULATION FUND (UNFPA). 2004 IUD provision. UNFPA, 2005. (Unpublished)
251. UNITED NATIONS POPULATION FUND (UNFPA) and WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO). Essential drugs and other commodities for reproductive health services. 2003. 37 p.
252. US AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT. Global health e-learning center: IUD. 2005. (e-learning course)
253. US CENSUS BUREAU. International Database. 2005.
*254. UPADHYAY, U.D. Informed choice in family planning: Helping people decide. Population Reports. Series J, No. 50. Baltimore, The Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, Population Information Program, Spring 2001.
255. WALSH, T.L., BERNSTEIN, G.S., GRIMES, D.A., FREZIERES, R., BERNSTEIN, L., and COULSON, A.H. Effect of prophylactic antibiotics on morbidity associated with IUD insertion: Results of a pilot randomized controlled trial. IUD Study Group. Contraception 50(4): 319-327. Oct. 1994.
256. WATSON, E.J., TEMPLETON, A., RUSSELL, I., PAAVONEN, J., MARDH, P.A., STARY, A., and PEDERSON, B.S. The accuracy and efficacy of screening tests for Chlamydia trachomatis: A systematic review. Journal of Medical Microbiology 51(12): 1021-1031. Dec. 2002.
257. WELKOVIC, S., COSTA, L.O., FAUNDES, A., XIMENES, R.D., and COSTA, C.F. Post-partum bleeding and infection after post-placental IUD insertion. Contraception 63(3): 155-158. Mar. 2001.
258. WESTRÖM, L. Incidence, prevalence, and trends of acute pelvic inflammatory disease and its consequences in industrialized countries. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 138(7 Pt 2): 880-892. Dec. 1, 1980.
259. WHITE, M.K., ORY, H.W., ROOKS, J.B., and ROCHAT, R.W. Intrauterine device termination rates and the menstrual cycle day of insertion. Obstetrics and Gynecology 55(2): 220-224. Feb. 1980.
260. WOLLTER-SVENSSON, L.O., STADBERG, E., ANDERSSON, K., MATTSSON, L.A., ODLIND, V., and PERSSON, I. Intrauterine administration of levonorgestrel 5 and 10 microg/24 hours in perimenopausal hormone replacement therapy. A randomized clinical study during one year. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica 76(5): 449-454. May 1997.
261. WORLD BANK GROUP. Health, nutrition, and population statistics: Demographic projections. 2005.
262. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO). Improving access to quality care in family planning: Medical eligibility criteria for contraceptive use. 2nd ed. Geneva, WHO, 2000.
263. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO). Iron deficiency anaemia: Assessment, prevention and control, A guide for programme managers. Geneva, WHO, 2001. 132 p.
264. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO). Making decisions about contraceptive introduction: A guide for conducting assessments to broaden contraceptive choice and improve quality of care. Geneva, WHO, 2002. 89 p.
*265. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO). Guidelines for the management of sexually transmitted infections. Geneva, WHO, 2003. 98 p.
*266. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO) and THE JOHNS HOPKINS BLOOMBERG SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH, CENTER FOR COMMUNICATION PROGRAMS, INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE FOR OPTIMAL HEALTH (INFO). Decision-making tool for family planning clients and providers. Baltimore, INFO and Geneva, WHO, 2005.
*267. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO) DEPARTMENT OF REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH AND RESEARCH and UNDP/UNFPA/WHO/WORLD BANK SPECIAL PROGRAMME OF RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH TRAINING IN HUMAN REPRODUCTION. Annual technical report 2003. Geneva, WHO, 2003.
*268. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO). DEPARTMENT OF REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH AND RESEARCH. Medical eligibility criteria for contraceptive use. 3rd ed. Geneva, WHO, 2004. 168 p.
*269. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO). DEPARTMENT OF REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH AND RESEARCH. Selected practice recommendations for contraceptive use. 2nd ed. Geneva, WHO, 2004. 170 p.
*270. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO), DEPARTMENT OF REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH AND RESEARCH, FAMILY HEALTH INTERNATIONAL, and POPULATION COUNCIL, FRONTIERS IN REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH PROJECT. Sexually transmitted and other reproductive tract infections: A guide to essential practice. Geneva, WHO, 2005. (Integrating STI/RTI Care for Reproductive Health) 186 p.
271. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION SPECIAL PROGRAMME OF RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH TRAINING IN HUMAN PREPRODUCTION. TASK FORCE ON INTRAUTERINE DEVICES FOR FERTILITY REGULATION. A multinational case-control study of ectopic pregnancy. Clinical Reproduction and Fertility 3(2): 131-143. Jun. 1985.
*272. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION TASK FORCE ON THE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF INFERTILITY. Tubal infertility: Serologic relationship to past chlamydial and gonococcal infection. Sexually Transmitted Diseases 22(2): 71-77. Mar.-Apr. 1995.
273. WRITING GROUP FOR THE WOMEN'S HEALTH INITIATIVE INVESTIGATORS. Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women: Principal results from the Women's Health Initiative randomized controlled trial. Journal of the American Medical Association 288(3): 321-333. Jul. 17, 2002.
274. WU, S., HU, J., and WILDEMEERSCH, D. Performance of the frameless GyneFix and the TCu380A IUDs in a 3-year multicenter, randomized, comparative trial in parous women. Contraception 61(2): 91-98. Feb. 2000.
275. XIAO, B., ZENG, T., WU, S., SUN, H., and XIAO, N. Effect of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device on hormonal profile and menstrual pattern after long-term use. Contraception 51(6): 359-365. Jun. 1995.
276. XIAO, B.L., ZHOU, L.Y., ZHANG, X.L., JIA, M.C., LUUKKAINEN, T., and ALLONEN, H. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device. Contraception 41(4): 353-362. Apr. 1990.
277. XIONG, X., BUEKENS, P., and WOLLAST, E. IUD use and the risk of ectopic pregnancy: A meta-analysis of case-control studies. Contraception 52(1): 23-34. Jul. 1995.
278. XU, J.X., RIVERA, R., DUNSON, T.R., ZHUANG, L.Q., YANG, X.L., MA, G.T., and CHI, I.C. A comparative study of two techniques used in immediate postplacental insertion (IPPI) of the Copper T-380A IUD in Shanghai, People's Republic of China. Contraception 54(1): 33-38. Jul. 1996.
279. YAMAMOTO, C. Output-based aid in health: Reaching the poor through public-private partnership. Geneva, World Health Organization, Dec. 2004.
280. YLIKORKALA, O. and VIINIKKA, L. Comparison between antifibrinolytic and antiprostaglandin treatment in the reduction of increased menstrual blood loss in women with intrauterine contraceptive devices. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 90(1): 78-83. Jan. 1983.
281. ZHANG, J., FELDBLUM, P.J., CHI, I.C., and FARR, M.G. Risk factors for Copper T IUD expulsion: An epidemiological analysis. Contraception 46(5): 427-433. Nov. 1992.
282. ZHANG, K.L., MA, S.J., and XIA, D.Y. Epidemiology of HIV and sexually transmitted infections in China. Sexual Health 16: 39-46. 2004.
283. ZLIDAR, V., GARDNER, R., RUTSTEIN, S.O., MORRIS, L., GOLDBERG, H., and JOHNSON, K. New survey findings: The reproductive revolution continues. Population Reports, Series M, No. 17. Baltimore, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, The INFO Project, Spring 2003.
Addendum
284. CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION. Update: Universal precautions for prevention of transmission of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, and other bloodborne pathogens in health-care settings. Morbidity Mortality Weekly Report 37(24): 377-388. Jun. 24, 1988.
285. FAUNDES, D., PERDIGAO, A., FAUNDES, A., BAHAMONDES, L., and PETTA, C.A. T-shaped IUDs accommodate in their position during the first 3 months after insertion. Contraception 62(4): 165-168. Oct. 16, 2005.
286. FEDER, G., ECCLES, M.P., GROL, R., GRIFFITHS, C., and GRIMSHAW, J.M. Clinical guidelines: Using clinical guidelines. British Medical Journal 318(7185): 728-730. Mar. 13, 1999.
287. FINGER, W.R. Cost analysis helps family planning managers make better decisions. Network 19(1). Sep. 1995.
288. GAREEN, I.F., GREENLAND, S., and MORGENSTERN, H. Intrauterine devices and pelvic inflammatory disease: Meta-analyses of published studies, 1974-1990. Epidemiology 11(55): 589-597. Sep. 2000.
289. JANOWITZ, B. and BRALT, J.H. Methods for costing family planning services. United Nations Population Fund and Family Health International, 1994. 86 p.
290. KAMAL, N. Inter-spousal communication on family planning as a determinant of the use of modern contraception in Bangladesh. Journal of Family Welfare 45(1): 31-43. Apr. 1999.
291. KIMUNA, S.R. and ADAMCHAK, D.J. Gender relations: Husband-wife fertility and family planning decisions in Kenya. Journal of Biosocial Science 33(1): 13-23. Jan. 2001.
292. LARSSON, B. and WENNERGREN, M. Investigation of a copper-intrauterine device (Cu-IUD) for possible effect on frequency and healing of pelvic inflammatory disease. Contraception 15(2): 143-149. Feb. 1977.
293. MOHLLAJEE, A.P., CURTIS, K.M., FLANAGAN, R.G., RINEHART, W., GAFFIELD, M.L., and PETERSON, H.B. Keeping up with the evidence: A new system for WHO's evidence-based family planning guidance. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 28(5): 483-490. Jun. 2005.
294. MORALES-ROSELLÓ, J. Spontaneous upward movement of lowly placed T-shaped IUDs. Contraception 72(6): 430-431. Dec. 2005.
295. POPULATION COUNCIL. Is it possible to improve access to family planning through mobile teams? Looking at two approaches from the region. Egypt and India. Alternatives (3):8. Apr. 1995.
296. SHEKELLE, P., ECCLES, M.P., GRIMSHAW, J.M., and WOOLF, S.H. When should clinical guidelines be updated? British Medical Journal 323(7305): 155-157. Jul. 21, 2001.
297. SHRESTHA, D.P. Determinants of current contraceptive use among Nepalese women: An analysis of NFH survey 1991. Nepal Population and Development Journal: 1-9. Jul. 2000.
298. SOBOL, R.B. Bending the law: The story of the Dalkon Shield bankruptcy. Chicago, The University of Chicago Press, 1991.
299. SODERBERG, G. and LINDGREN, S. Influence of an intrauterine device on the course of an acute salpingitis. Contraception 24(2): 137-143. Aug. 1981.
300. STEEN, R. and SHAPIRO, K. Intrauterine contraceptive devices and risk of pelvic inflammatory disease: Standard of care in high STI prevalence settings. Reproductive Health Matters 12(23): 136-143. May 2004.
301. TEISALA, K. Removal of an intrauterine device and the treatment of acute pelvic inflammatory disease. Annals of Medicine 21(1): 63-65. Feb. 1989.
302. UPADHYAY, U. Why family planning matters. Population Reports Series J, No. 49. Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, Population Information Program, Jul. 1999. 32 p.
303. WESSON, J., OLAWO, A., BUKUSI, V., PIERRE-LOUIS, B., MARSDEN, S., STANBACK, J., and JANOWITZ, B. Effect of a provider-based educational outreach ("detailing") to stimulate IUCD use in Kenya: Final report. Family Health International, Sep. 2005.
304. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION. Universal precautions, including injection safety. 2005. 3 p.
305. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO). Handbook for family planning providers and clients. [Draft]. Baltimore, INFO Project, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 2005. (Unpublished)
|