Tables

Table 1. Megacities Past, Present, and Future
Table 2. Population Distribution by Region, 1975, 2000, and 2030
Table 3. Percentage of Population Living Below the National Poverty Line in Urban and Rural Areas
Table 4. Access to Improved Water and Sanitation in Urban Areas by Region, 1990 and 2000

Table 1. Megacities Past, Present, and Future

Cities with 10 Million or More Inhabitants,
1950, 1975, 2001, and 2015 (Population in Millions)

1950
City Popu-
lation
New York 12.3
1975
City Popu-
lation
Tokyo
New York
Shanghai
Mexico City
São Paulo
Total		 19.8
15.9
11.4
10.7
10.3
68.1
2001
City Popu-
lation
Tokyo
São Paulo
Mexico City
New York
Mumbai1
Los Angeles
Kalkata2
Dhaka
Delhi
Shanghai
Buenos Aires
Jakarta
Osaka
Beijing
Rio de Janeiro
Karachi
Metro Manila
Total		 26.5
18.3
18.3
16.8
16.5
13.3
13.3
13.2
13.0
12.8
11.8
12.1
11.4
11.0
10.8
10.8
10.4
10.1
238.6
2015
City Popu-
lation
Tokyo
Dhaka
Mumbai1
São Paulo
Delhi
Mexico City
New York
Jakarta
Kalkata2
Karachi
Lagos
Los Angeles
Shanghai
Buenos Aires
Metro Manila
Beijing
Rio de
  Janeiro
Cairo
Istanbul
Osaka
Tianjin
Total		 27.2
22.8
22.6
21.2
20.9
20.4
17.9
17.3
16.7
16.2
16.0
14.5
13.6
13.2
12.6
11.7
11.5

11.5
11.4
11.0
10.3
340.5
1Formerly known as Bombay 2Formerly known as Calcutta Source: United Nations, 2002 (131) Population Reports

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Table 2. Population Distribution by Region, 1975, 2000, and 2030

  Population (in Millions) % Urban
1975 2000 2030  
Region Urban Rural Urban Rural Urban Rural 1975 2000 2030
Africa 102 304 295 498 787 702 25 37 53
Asia 592 1805 1376 2297 2679 2271 25 37 54
Latin America & Caribbean 198 124 391 498 127 608 61 75 85
Europe 455 221 534 193 540 131 67 73 80
North America 180 64 243 71 335 61 74 77 84
Oceannia* 15 6 23 8 32 10 72 74 77
*Oceania = Australia, New Zealand, Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia
Source: United Nations, 2002 (131)
Population Reports

Return to chapter 1.1 1st ref. | 2nd ref.

Table 3. Percentage of Population Living Below the National Poverty Line in Urban and Rural Areas

Region & Country Urban Rural
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
Camaroon 1984 44 32
Chad 1995–96 63 67
Ghana 1992 22 34
Kenya 1992 29 46
Lesotho 1993 28 54
Madagascar 1993–94 47 77
Niger 1989–93 52 66
Nigeria 1992–93 30 36
Sierra Leone 1989 53 76
Tanzania 1993 24 50
Zambia 1991 46 88
Zimbabwe 1990–91 10 31
NORTH AFRICA & NEAR EAST
Algeria 1995 15 30
Egypt 1995–96 23 22
Morocco 1998—99 12 27
Tunisia 1990 9 22
Yemen 1992 19 19
ASIA
Bangladesh 1995–96 14 40
Cambodia 1997 21 40
China 1998 <2* 5
India 1994 30 37
Laos 1993 24 53
Mongolia 1995 38 33
Nepal 1995–96 23 44
Pakistan 1991 28 37
Philippines 1997 21 51
Thailand 1992 10 15
Vietnam 1993 26 57
LATIN AMERICA & CARIBBEAN
Brazil 1990 13 33
Colombia 1992 8 31
Costa Rica 1992 19 25
Dominican Republic 1992 11 30
Ecuador 1994 25 47
El Savador 1992 43 56
Guatemala 1989 34 72
Honduras 1993 57 51
Nicaraqua 1993 32 76
Panama 1997 15 65
Paraquay 1991 20 28
Peru 1997 40 65
Trinidad & Tobago 1992 24 20
*New statistics released by China's Ministry of Civil Affairs indicate that 6% of the nation's 320 million urban residents live in extreme poverty (4).
Source: World Bank, 2002 (157)
Population Reports

Return to chapter 2

Table 4. Access to Improved1 Water and Sanitation in Urban Areas by Region, 1990 and 2000

  Population Without Access (in Millions) Population with Access (in Millions) % Population with Access2
Region 1990 2000 1990 2000 1990 2000
WORLD
Water 113 173 2179 2672 95 94
Sanitation 415 403 1877 2442 82 86
AFRICA
Water 31 44 166 253 84 85
Sanitation 30 46 167 251 85 84
ASIA
Water 57 98 972 1254 94 93
Sanitation 339 297 690 1055 67 78
LATIN AMERICA & CARIBBEAN
Water 26 29 287 362 92 93
Sanitation 46 51 267 340 85 87
OCEANIA
Water 0 0 18 21 100 98
Sanitation 0 0 18 21 99 99
EUROPE
Water 0 3 522 542 100 100
Sanitation 0 8 522 537 100 99
NORTH AMERICA
Water 0 0 213 239 100 100
Sanitation 0 0 213 239 100 100
1The WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation defines “improved” sources as those that are better than previous sources, although not necessarily safe for household use.
2Due to rounding, figures may not total 100% even if the population without access is shown as 0.
Source: WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation, 2001 (150)
Population Reports

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