ÍNDICE
Capítulos
Recomendaciones: del Grupo de Trabajo de Orientación/Competencia Técnica:
- Anticonceptivos orales combinados
- Píldoras sólo de progestágeno
- Inyectables sólo de progestágeno
- Anticonceptivos inyectables combinados
- Implantes Norplant
- DIU con cobre
- Esterilización femenina
- Vasectomía
- Método de la amenorrea de la lactancia
- Planificación familiar natural
- Método de barrera
Agencia de stados Unidos ara el Desarrollo nternacional |
Organización
undial de la Salud nidad de planificación familiar y población |
Publicación del Population Information Program, Center for Communication Programs, The Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, 111 Market Place, Suite 310, Baltimore, Maryland 21202, USA
Volumen XXIV, Número 2
Octubre de 1996 |
Bibliografía
Las recomendaciones del Grupo de Trabaja de Orientación Técnica fueron condensadas de: Grupo de Trabajo de Orientación/Competencia Técnica. Recomendaciones para la actualización de prácticas seleccionadas en el uso de anticonceptivos. Tomos I y II. Chapel Hill, North Carolina, Program for International Training in Health (INTRAH), 1994 y 1997.
1. AEDO, A.R., LANDGREN, B.M., JOHANNISSON, E., and DICZFALUSY,
E. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic investigations with monthly
injectable contraceptive preparations. Contraception 31(5): 453-469.
May 1985.
2. AFFANDI, B., KARMADIBRATA, S., PRIHARTONO, J., LUBIS,
F., and SAMIL, R.S. Effect of Norplant on mothers and infants in
the postpartum period. Advances in Contraception 2(4): 371-380. December
1986.
3. ALVAREZ, F., FAÚNDES, A., BRACHE, V., TEJADA, A.S.,
and SEGAL, S. Prospective study of the pituitary-ovarian function
after tubal sterilization by the Pomeroy or Uchida techniques. Fertility
and Sterility 51: 604-608. 1989.
4. AMERICAN COLLEGE OF OBSTETRICIANS AND GYNECOLOGISTS.
Safety of oral contraceptives for teenagers. Journal of Adolescent
Health 13(4): 333-336. June 1992.
5. AMERICAN SOCIETY OF HOSPITAL PHARMACISTS (ASHP). American
hospital formulary service drug information. Bethesda, Maryland, ASHP,
1994. p. 1208.
6. ANDRADE, A. and PIZARRO, E. Quantitative studies on
menstrual blood loss in IUD users. Contraception 36(1): 129-144.
July 1987.
7. ANGLE, M.A., BROWN, L.A., and BUEKENS, P. IUD protocols
for international training. Studies in Family Planning 24(2): 125-131.
March-April 1993.
8. ANONYMOUS. Cervical cap: Effective, convenient, but
overlooked. Contraceptive Technology Update 11: 49-54. 1990.
9. ANONYMOUS. Drug facts and comparisons. St. Louis,
Missouri, Wolters Kluwer. Facts and Comparisons, October 1990. p.
387a. and 1993. p. 251. and June 1996, p. 358. and July 1996. p. 282-284.
10. ANONYMOUS. Tests show commonly used substances harm
latex condoms. Contraceptive Technology Update 10(2): 20-21. April
1989.
11. ARMSTRONG, K.A., SAMOST, L., and TAVRIS, D.R. HIV-risk
behaviors of sterilized and nonsterilized women in drug treatment
programs—Philadelphia, 1989-1991. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly
Report 41(9): 149-151. March 6, 1992.
12. AUSTIN, H., LOUV, W.C., and ALEXANDER, W.J. A case-control
study of spermicides and gonorrhea. Journal of the American Medical
Association 251: 2822-2824. 1984.
13. AVSC INTERNATIONAL (AVSC). Minilaparotomy under local
anesthesia: Service delivery guidelines. New York, AVSC, May 1996.
14. AVSC INTERNATIONAL (AVSC). No-scalpel vasectomy: A
training course for vasectomy providers and assistants. New York,
AVSC, 1997. (In press)
15. BACK, D.J., BRECKENRIDGE, A.M., GRIMER, S., ORME, M.,
and PURBA, H. Pharmacokinetics of oral contraceptive steroids following
the administration of the anti-malarial drugs primaquine and chloroquine. Contraception
30(3): 289-295. 1984.
16. BACK, D.J. and ORME, M.L. Drug interactions. In:
Goldzieher, J.W. and Fotherby, K., eds. Pharmacology of the contraceptive
steroids. New York, Raven Press, 1994. p. 407-425.
17. BALL, M.J., ASHWELL, E., and GILLMER, M.D.G. Progestagen-only
oral contraceptives: Comparison of the metabolic effects of levonorgestrel
and norethisterone. Contraception 44: 223-233. 1991.
18. BASSOL, S. and GARZA-FLORES, J. Review of ovulation
return upon discontinuation of once-a-month injectable contraceptives. Contraception
49(5): 441-453. May 1994.
19. BASSOL, S., GARZA-FLORES, J., CRAVIOTO, M.C., DIAZ-SANCHEZ,
V., FOTHERBY, K., LICHTENBERG, R., and PEREZ-PALACIOS, G. Ovarian
function following a single administration of depo-medroxyprogesterone
acetate (DMPA) at different doses. Fertility and Sterility 42(2):
216-222. 1984.
20. BELKER, A., THOMAS, A., FUCHS, E., KONNAK, J., and
SHARLIP, I. Results of 1,469 microsurgical vasectomy reversals by
the vasovasotomy study group. Journal of Urology 145: 505-511. 1991.
21. BELL, T.A. and GRAYSTON, J.T. Centers for Disease
Control guidelines for prevention and control of Chlamydia trachomatis
infections. Annals of Internal Medicine 104: 524-526. 1986.
22. BELLAGIO CONSENSUS CONFERENCE ON LACTATIONAL INFERTILITY. Bellagio
consensus statement on the use of breastfeeding as a family planning
method. Contraception 39(8): 477-496. 1989.
23. BELSEY, E.M. The association between vaginal bleeding
patterns and reasons for discontinuation of contraceptive use. Contraception
38(2): 207-225. August 1988.
24. BELSEY, E.M. Menstrual bleeding patterns in untreated
women and with long-acting methods of contraception. Advances in
Contraception 7(2-3): 257-270. June-September 1991.
25. BONJOUR, J.P., THEINTZ, G., BUCHS, B., SLOSMAN, D.,
and RIZZOLI, R. Critical years and stages of puberty for spinal and
femoral bone mass accumulation during adolescence. Journal of Clinical
Endocrinology and Metabolism 73: 555-563. 1991.
26. BORING, C.C., ROCHAT, R.W., and BECERRA, J. Sterilization
regret among Puerto Rican women. Fertility and Sterility 49: 973-981.
1988.
27. BOUNDS, W., GUILLEBAUD, J., DOMINIK, R., and DALBERTH,
B.T. The diaphragm with and without spermicide: A randomized comparative
efficacy trial. Journal of Reproductive Medicine 40: 764-774. 1995.
28. BRACKEN, M.B. Oral contraception and congenital malformations
in offspring: A review and meta-analysis of the prospective studies. Obstetrics
and Gynecology 76(3, pt. 2): 552-557. September 1990.
29. BRACKEN, M.B., HELLENBRAND, K.G., and HOLFORD, T.R.
Conception delay after oral contraceptive use: The effect of estrogen
dose. Fertility and Sterility 58: 21-27. 1990.
30. BROWNLEE, H. and TIBBELS, C. Vasectomy. Journal of
Family Practice 16(2): 279-284. 1983.
31. CASTILLA, E., SIMPSON, J., and QUEENAN, J. Down's
syndrome is not increased in offspring of natural family planning
users (case control analysis). American Journal of Medical Genetics
59(4): 525. 1995.
32. CATES, W., Jr. and HINMAN, A.R. AIDS and absolutism—The
demand for perfection in prevention (sounding board). New England
Journal of Medicine 327: 492-494. 1992.
33. CATES, W., Jr. and STONE, K.M. Family planning, sexually
transmitted diseases and contraceptive choice: A literature update—Part
1. Family Planning Perspectives 24(2): 75-84. March-April 1992.
34. CHAUDHURY, R.R., CHOMPOOTAWEEP, S., DUSITSIN, N., FRIESEN,
H., and TANKEYOON, M. The release of prolactin by medroxyprogesterone
acetate in human subjects. British Journal of Pharmacology 59: 433-434.
1977.
35. CHESTER, A.H., JIANG, C., BORLAND, J.A., YACOUB, M.H.,
and COLLINS, P. Oestrogen relaxes human epicardial coronary arteries
through non-endothelium-dependent mechanisms. Coronary Artery Disease
6: 417-422. 1995.
36. CHI, I.C. The safety and efficacy of progestin-only
oral contraceptives—An epidemiological perspective. Contraception
47(1): 1-21. 1993.
37. CHI, I.C. and FARR, G. Postpartum IUD contraception—A
review of an international experience. Advances in Contraception
5(3): 127-146. September 1989.
38. CHILVERS, C., MCPHERSON, K., PETO, J., PIKE, M.C.,
and VESSEY, M.P. Oral contraceptive use and breast cancer risk in
young women. Lancet 1(8645): 973-982. May 6, 1989.
39. CHRETIEN, F.C., SUREAU, C., and NEAU, C. Experimental
study of cervical blockage induced by continuous low-dose oral progestogens. Contraception
22: 445-456. 1980.
40. CHUTIVONGSE, S., GRAY, R., HILL, C., HULKA, B., KENYA,
P., ODLIND, V., PARDTHAISONG, T., PETITTI, D., RUBIN, G., and SHAPIRO,
S. Depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) and cancer: Memorandum
from a WHO meeting. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 64(3):
375-382. 1986.
41. CLARKE, L. and GREGSON, S. Who has a vasectomy reversal? Journal
of Biosocial Science 18: 253-269. 1986.
42. COHEN, B. and GIBOR, Y. Anemia and menstrual blood
loss. Obstetrical and Gynecological Survey 35(10): 597-618. 1980.
43. COHEN, R.J., BROWN, K.H., CANAHUATI, J., RIVERA, L.L.,
and DEWEY, K.G. Effects of age of introduction of complementary foods
on infant breast milk intake, total energy intake, and growth: A randomized
intervention study in Honduras. Lancet 343: 288-293. 1994.
44. CONSORTIUM FOR EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION (CEC). Emergency
contraceptive pills. Welcome, Maryland, CEC, 1996.
45. COONEY, K.A., NYIRABUKEYE, T., LABBOK, M., HOSER, P.,
and BALLARD, E. Assessment of the nine-month Lactational Amenorrhea
Method (MAMA-9) in Rwanda. Studies in Family Planning 24: 162-171.
1996.
46. COUTINHO, E.M., SPINOLA, P., IONE, B., et al. Multicenter,
double-blind, comparative clinical study on the efficacy and acceptability
of a monthly injectable contraceptive combination of 150 mg dihydroxyprogesterone
acetophenide and 10 mg estradiol enanthate compared to a monthly injectable
contraceptive combination of 90 mg dihydroxyprogesterone acetophenide
and 6 mg estradiol enanthate. Contraception 55: 175-181. 1997.
47. CRAMER, D.W., SCHIFF, I., SCHOENBAUM, S.C., et al. Tubal
infertility and the intrauterine device. New England Journal of Medicine
312(15): 941-947. April 11, 1985.
48. CROXATTO, H.B. Norplant: Levonorgestrel-releasing
contraceptive implant. Annals of Medicine 25: 155-160. 1993.
49. CUNNINGHAM, F.G., MACDONALD, P.C., LEVENO, K.J., GANT,
N.F., and GILSTRAP, L.C. The puerperium. In: Williams Obstetrics.
19th ed. Norwalk, Connecticut, Appleton and Lange, 1993. p. 459-473.
50. D'ARCY, P.F. Drug interaction and reaction: Update:
Drug interactions with oral contraceptives. Drug Intelligence and
Clinical Pharmacy 20: 353-362. 1986.
51. DAHLMAN, T., HELLGREN, M., and BLOMBÄCK, M. Changes
in blood coagulation and fibrinolysis in the normal puerperium. Gynecologic
and Obstetric Investigation 20(1): 37-44. 1985.
52. DARLING, J.R., WEISS, N.S., METCH, B.J., CHOW, W.H.,
SODERSTROM, R.M., MOORE, D.E., SPADONI, L.R., and STADEL, B.V. Primary
tubal infertility in relation to use of an intrauterine device. New
England Journal of Medicine 312(15): 937-941. 1985.
53. DARLING, J.R., WEISS, N.S., VOIGT, L.F., MCKNIGHT,
B., and MOORE, D.E. The intrauterine device and primary tubal infertility.
[Letter] New England Journal of Medicine 326(3): 203-204. 1992.
54. DECEULAER, K., GRUBER, C., HAYES, R., and SERJEANT,
G.R. Medroxyprogesterone acetate and homozygous sickle cell disease. Lancet
2(8292): 229-231. July 31,1982.
55. DESLYPERE, J.P., THIERY, M., and VERMEULEN, A. Effect
of long-term hormonal contraception on plasma lipids. Contraception
31(6): 633-642. June 1985.
56. DESTEFANO, F., PERLMAN, J.A., PETERSON, H.B., and DIAMOND,
E.L. Long-term risk of menstrual disturbances after tubal sterilization. American
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 152(7, pt. 1): 835-841. August
1, 1995.
57. DEVINCENZI, I. A longitudinal study of human immunodeficiency
virus transmission by heterosexual partners. New England Journal
of Medicine 331(6): 341-346. August 11, 1994.
58. DEWEY, K.G., PEERSON, J.M., BROWN, K.H., et al. Growth
of breast-fed infants deviates from current reference data: A pooled
analysis of US, Canadian, and European data sets. Pediatrics 96:
495-503. 1995.
59. DHUPER, S., WARREN, M.P., BROOKS-GUNN, J., and FOX,
R. Effects of hormonal status on bone density in adolescent girls. Journal
of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 71(5): 1083-1088. November
1990.
60. DIAS, P. The long-term effects of vasectomy on sexual
be- haviour. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 67(5): 333-338.
1983.
61. DIAZ, S., CROXATTO, H.B., DAVEZ, M., BELHADJ, H., STERN,
J., and SIVIN, I. Clinical assessment of treatments for prolonged
bleeding in users of Norplant implants. Contraception 42(1): 97-109.
July 1990.
62. DIAZ, S., HERREROS, C., JUEZ, G., CASADO, M.E., SALVATIERRA,
A.M., MIRANDA, P., PERALTA, O., and CROXATTO, H.B. Fertility regulation
in nursing women: 7. Influence of Norplant levonorgestrel implants
upon lactation and infant growth. Contraception 32(1): 53-74. July
1985.
63. DIAZ, S., PERALTA, O., JUEZ, G., HERREROS, C., CASADO,
M., SALVATIERRA, A., MIRANDA, P., and CROXATTO, H. Fertility regulation
in nursing women: 6. Contraceptive effectiveness of a subdermal progesterone
implant. Contraception 30(4): 311-325. October 1984.
64. DIAZ, S., RODRIGUEZ, G., PERALTA, O., et al. Lactational
amenorrhea and the recovery of ovulation and fertility in fully nursing
Chilean women. Contraception 38(1): 53-67. July 1988.
65. DICKER, D., WACHSMAN, Y., and FELDBERG, D. The vaginal
contraceptive diaphragm and the condom: A reevaluation and comparison
of two barrier methods with the rhythm method. Contraception 40(4):
497-504. October 1989.
66. DIXON, G.W., SCHLESSELMAN, J.J., ORY, H.W., and BLYE,
R.P. Ethinyl estradiol and conjugated estrogens as postcoital contraceptives. Journal
of the American Medical Association 244: 1336-1339. 1980.
67. DREW, W.L., BLAIR, M., MINER, R.C., and CONANT, M. Evaluation
of the virus permeability of a new condom for women. Sexually Transmitted
Diseases 17: 110-112. 1990. 68. DUBUISSON, J., CHAPRON, C., NOS, C., et al. Sterilization
reversal: Fertility results. Human Reproduction 10(5): 1145-1151.
May 1995.
69. DUNSON, T.R., MCLAURIN, V.L., GRUBB, G.S., and ROSMAN,
A.W. A multicenter clinical trial of a progestin-only oral contraceptive
in lactating women. Contraception 47(1): 23-35. January 1993.
70. EINARSON, T.R., KOREN, G., MATTICE, D., and SCHECHTER-TSAFRIRI,
O. Maternal spermicide use and adverse reproductive outcome: A meta-analysis. American
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 162: 655-660. 1990.
71. ELIAS, C.J. and HEISE, L.L. Challenges for the development
of female-controlled vaginal microbicides. AIDS 8: 1-9. 1994.
72. EMERLING, J.M., PALOZZI, P., LELVA, J., and COLLINS,
U. Subdermal contraceptive implants in nurse-midwifery practice. Journal
of Nurse-Midwifery 38(2, Suppl.): 80S-87S. March-April 1993.
73. EREN, V., RAMOS, R., and GRAY, R.H. Physicians vs.
auxiliary nurse-midwives as providers of IUD services: A study in
Turkey and the Philippines. Studies in Family Planning 14: 43-47.
1983.
74. EUROPEAN NATURAL FAMILY PLANNING STUDY GROUPS. Prospective
European multi-center study of Natural Family Planning (1989-1992):
Interim results. Advances in Contraception 9(4): 269-283. December
1993.
75. FAMILY HEALTH INTERNATIONAL (FHI). New simplified
OC instructions. Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, FHI, April
1992.
76. FARLEY, T.M., ROSENBERG, M.J., ROWE, P.J., CHEN, J.H.,
and MEIRIK, O. Intrauterine devices and pelvic inflammatory disease:
An international perspective. Lancet 339(8796): 785-788. March 28,
1992.
77. FARR, G. and RIVERA, R.. Interactions between intrauterine
contraceptive devices use and breastfeeding status at time of intrauterine
contraceptive device insertion: Analysis of TCu-380A acceptors in
developing countries. Advances in Contraception 167(1): 144-151.
1992.
78. FAÚNDES, A., ALVAREZ-SANCHEZ, F., BRACHE, V., JIMENEZ,
E., and TEJADA, A.S. Hormonal changes associated with bleeding during
low dose progestogen contraception delivered by Norplant subdermal
implants. Advances in Contraception 7(1): 85-94. 1991.
79. FELDBLUM, P. and JOANIS, C.. Modern barrier methods:
Effective contraception and disease prevention. Research Triangle
Park, North Carolina, Family Health International, 1994.
80. FELDBLUM, P.J., MORRISON, C.S., RODDY, R.E., and CATES,
W., Jr. The effectiveness of barrier methods of contraception in
preventing the spread of HIV. AIDS 9(Suppl. A): S85-S93. 1995.
81. FELDBLUM, P.J. and WEIR, S.S. The protective effect
of nonoxynol-9 against HIV infection. [Letter] American Journal of
Public Health 84: 1032-1034. 1994.
82. FERREIRA, A.E., ARAUJO, M.J., REGINA, C.H., DINIZ,
S.G., and FAÚNDES, A. Effectiveness of the diaphragm, used continuously,
without spermicide. Contraception 48: 29-35. 1993.
83. FIELD, C.S. Dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Primary
Care 15(3): 561-574. 1988.
84. FLYNN, A.M. and LYNCH, S.S. Cervical mucus and identification
of the fertile phase of the menstrual cycle. British Journal of Obstetrics
and Gynaecology (83): 656-659. 1976.
85. FOTHERBY, K. Interactions with oral contraceptives.
American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 163: 2153-2159. 1990.
86. FOTHERBY, K. The progestin-only pill and thrombosis. British
Journal of Family Planning 15: 83-85. 1989.
87. FOTHERBY, K., KOETSAWANG, S., and MATHRUBUTHAM, M.
Pharmacokinetic study of different doses of Depo Provera. Contraception
22(5): 528-536. 1980.
88. FOX, M. Vasectomy reversal—Microsurgery for best
results. British Journal of Urology 73: 449-453. 1994.
89. FOXMAN, B. and CHI, J.-W. Health behavior and urinary
tract infection in college-aged women. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology
43: 329-337. 1990.
90. FRANK-HERRMANN, P., FREUNDL, G., BAUR, S., et al. Effectiveness
and acceptability of the symptothermal method of Natural Family Planning
in Germany. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 165: 2052-2054.
1991.
91. FRASER, I. Vaginal bleeding patterns in women using
once-a-month injectable contraceptives. Contraception 49(4): 399-420.
April 1994.
92. GABBAY, M. and GIBBS, A. Does additional lubrication
reduce condom failure? Contraception 53(3): 155-158. March 1996.
93. GARZA-FLORES, J. Pharmacokinetics of once-a-month
injectable contraceptives. Contraception 49: 347-359. 1994.
94. GARZA-FLORES, J., HALL, P.E., and PEREZ-PALACIOS, G. Long-acting
hormonal contraceptives for women. Journal of Steroid Biochemistry
and Molecular Biology 40(4-6): 697-704. 1991.
95. GARZA-FLORES, J., VAZQUEZ-ESTRADA, L., REYES, A., et
al. Assessment of luteal function after surgical tubal sterilization. Advances
in Contraception 7: 371-377. 1991.
96. GIOVANNUCCI, E., ASCHERIO, A., RIMM, E.B., COLDITZ,
G.A., STAMPFER, M.J., and WILLETT, W.C. A prospective cohort study
of vasectomy and prostate cancer in US men. Journal of the American
Medical Association 269: 873-877. 1993.
97. GIOVANNUCCI, E., TOSTESON, T.D., SPEIZER, F.E., ASCHERIO,
A., VESSEY, M.P., and COLDITZ, G.A. A retrospective cohort study
of vasectomy and prostate cancer in US men. Journal of the American
Medical Association 269: 878-882. 1993.
98. GIWA-OSAGIE, O. and WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION. TASK
FORCE ON LONG-ACTING SYSTEMIC AGENTS FOR FERTILITY REGULATION.
Metabolic
effects of once-a-month combined injectable contraceptives. Contraception
49(5): 421-433. May 1994.
99. GLOCK, J., KIM, A., HULKA, J., et al. Reproductive
outcomes after tubal reversal in women 40 years of age or older. Fertility
and Sterility 65(4): 863-865. 1996.
100. GOEMAN, J., NDOYE, I., SAKHO, L.M., et al. Frequent
use of menfegol spermicidal vaginal foaming tablets associated with
a high incidence of genital lesions. Journal of Infectious Diseases
171(6): 1611-1614. June 1995.
101. GRAY, R. Natural Family Planning and sex selection:
Fact or fiction? American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 165(Pt.
2, Suppl. 6): 1982-1984. 1991.
102. GRAY, R., CAMPBELL, O., ESLAMI, S., ZACUR, H., LABBOK,
M., and APELO, R. The return of ovarian function during lactation:
Results of studies from the United States and the Philippines. In:
Gray, R., ed. Biomedical and demographic determinants of reproduction. Oxford,
UK, Clarendon Press, 1993.
103. GRAY, R., SIMPSON, J., and KAMBIC, R. Timing of conception
and the risk of spontaneous abortion among pregnancies occurring during
the use of Natural Family Planning. American Journal of Obstetrics
and Gynecology 172(5): 1567-1572. 1995.
104. GRAY, R.H., PARDTHAISONG, T., MCDANIEL, E.B., and
DOYLE, P. The timing of the first injection of Depo Provera. IPPF
Medical Bulletin 9(3): 3-4. 1975.
105. GROU, F. and RODRIGUES, I. The morning-after pill—How
long after? American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 171: 1529-1534.
1994.
106. GUILLEBAUD, J. Contraception for women over 35 years
of age. British Journal of Family Planning 17: 115-118. 1992.
107. GUILLEBAUD, J. The forgotten pill—And the paramount
importance of the pill free week. British Journal of Family Planning
12: 35-43. 1987.
108. GUPTA, K.C., JOSHI, J.V., DESAI, N.K., SANKOLLI, G.M.,
CHOWDHARY, V.N., JOSHI, U.M., CHITALANGE, S., and SATOSKAR, R.S. Kinetics
of chloroquine and contraceptive steroids in oral contraceptive users
during concurrent chloroquine prophylaxis. Indian Journal of Medical
Research 80: 658-662. 1984.
109. HALL, P.E. Long-acting injectable formulations. In:
Diczfalusy, E. and Bygdeman, M., eds. Fertility regulation today and
tomorrow. New York, Raven Press, 1987. p 119.
110. HANENBERG, R.S., ROJANAPITHAYAKORN, W., KUNASOL, P.,
and SOKAL, D.S. Impact of Thailand's HIV-control programme as indicated
by the decline of sexually transmitted diseases. Lancet 344(8917):
243-245. July 23, 1994. 111. HAREL, Z., BIRO, F.M., and KOLLAR, L.M. Depo Provera
in adolescents: Effects of early second injection or prior oral contraception. Journal
of Adolescent Health 16: 379-384. 1995.
112. HARLAP, S. Exposure to contraceptive hormones through
breast milk—Are there long-term health consequences? International
Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics 25(Suppl): 47-55. 1987.
113. HARRISON, H.R., COSTIN, M., MEDER, J.B., BOWDS, L.M.,
SIM, D.A., LEWIS, M., and ALEXANDER, E.R. Cervical chlamydia trachomatis
infection in university women: Relationship to history, contraception,
ectopy and cervicitis. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
153(3): 244-251. 1985.
114. HATCHER, R., TRUSSELL, J., STEWART, F., et al. The
diaphragm, contraceptive sponge, cervical cap, and female condom.
and Fertility awareness. Contraceptive Technology. 16th rev. ed. New
York, Irvington Publishers, 1994. p. 191-222. and 327340.
115. HEALY, B. Does vasectomy cause prostate cancer? From
the National Institutes of Health. Journal of the American Medical
Association 269(20): 2620. May 26, 1993.
116. HENSHAW, S.K. and SINGH, S. Sterilization regret
among U.S. couples. Family Planning Perspectives 18: 238-240. 1986.
117. HERBST, A.L., MISHELL, D.R., STENCHEVER, M.A., and
DROEGEMUELLER, W. Comprehensive gynecology. St. Louis, Missouri,
Mosby-Year Book, 1992. p. 1082-1083.
118. HOOTON, T.M., HILLIER, S., JOHNSON, C., ROBERTS, P.L.,
and STAMM, W.E. Escherichia coli bacteriuria and contraceptive method. Journal
of the American Medical Association 265: 64-69. 1991.
119. HOWIE, P.W., FORSYTH, J.S., OGSTON, S.A., CLARK, A.,
and FLOREY, C. Protective effect of breast feeding against infection. British
Medical Journal 300(6716): 11-16. January 6, 1990.
120. HOWIE, P.W., MCNEILLY, A.S., HOUSTON, M.J., COOK,
A., and BOYLE, H. Fertility after childbirth: Postpartum ovulation
and menstruation in bottle and breast feeding mothers. Clinical Endocrinology
17: 323-332. 1982.
121. HUBER, D.H. Voluntary surgical contraception. In:
Hatcher, R.A., Kowal, D., Guest, F., et al., eds. Contraceptive technology:
International edition. Special section on AIDS. Atlanta, Georgia,
Printed Matter, 1989.
122. HUBER, D.H. and HUBER, S.C. Screening oral contraceptive
candidates and inconsequential pelvic examinations. Studies in Family
Planning 6(2): 49-51. 1975.
123. HUFFMAN, S.L. Material malnutrition and breastfeeding:
Is there really a choice for policy makers? Journal of Tropical Pediatrics
37(Suppl): 19-22. 1991.
124. HUNT, W.L., GABBAY, L., and POTTS, M. Lea's Shield,
a new barrier contraceptive: Prelminary clinical evaluations three-day
tolerance study. Contraception 50(6): 551-561. December 1994.
125. ILARIA, G., JACOBS, J.L., POLSKY, B., et al. Detection
of HIV-1 DNA sequences in pre-ejaculatory fluid. [Letter] Lancet
340: 1469. 1992.
126. INSLER, V., MELMED, H., EICHENBRENNER, I., SERR, D.,
and LUNENFELD, B. The cervical score: A simple semiquantitative
method for monitoring of the menstrual cycle. International Journal
of Gynaecology and Obstetrics 10(6): 223-228. 1972.
127. INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR MEDICAL RESEARCH TASK FORCE
ON HORMONAL CONTRACEPTION. Return to fertility following discontinuation
of an injectable contraceptive—NET-EN. Contraception 34(6): 573-582.
1986.
128. INTERNATIONAL PLANNED PARENTHOOD FEDERATION. INTERNATIONAL
MEDICAL ADVISORY BOARD. Statement on emergency contraception. Planned
Parenthood in Europe 24(2): 5-6. 1995.
129. INTRAH (Program for International Training in Health). Guidelines
for clinical procedures in family planning: A reference for trainers.
2nd ed. Chapel Hill, North Carolina, INTRAH, 1993.
130. JACOBS, H.S., KNUTH, U.A., HULL, M.G.R., and FRANKS, S. Post-pill amenorrhea—Cause
or coincidence? British Medical Journal 2(6092): 940-942. October
8, 1977.
131. JANOWITZ, B., DIGHE, N.M., HUBACHER, D., and PETRICK,
T. Assessing the impact of reducing the number of IUD revisits. Presented
at the 120th Annual Meeting of the American Public Health Association,
Washington, D.C., November 8-12, 1992. 12 p.
132. JENNINGS, R. and CLEGG, A. The inhibitory effect
of spermicidal agents on replication of HSV-2 and HIV-1 in vitro. Journal
of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 32: 71-82. 1993.
133. JICK, H., WALKER, A.M., ROTHMAN, K.J., et al. Vaginal
spermicides and congenital disorders. Journal of the American Medical
Association 245(13): 1329-1332. April 3, 1981.
134. KAMBIC, R. and GRAY, R. Factors related to autonomy
and discontinuation of use of Natural Family Planning for women in
Liberia and Zambia. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
165: 2060-2062. 1991.
135. KARIM, M., AMMAR, R., EL MAHGOUB, S., EL GANZOURY,
B., FIKRI, F., and ABDOU, I. Injected progestogen and lactation. British
Medical Journal 1: 200-203. January 23, 1971.
136. KASS-ANNESE, B., AUMACK, K., and GOODMAN, L. Guide
for Natural Family Planning trainers. Los Angeles, Institute for
International Studies in Natural Family Planning, 1990.
137. KAUNITZ, A.M. Injectable contraception. Clinical
Obstetrics and Gynecology 32(2): 356-368. 1989.
138. KAZI, A., KENNEDY, K.I., VISNESS, C.M., and KHAN,
T. Effectiveness of the Lactational Amenorrhea Method in Pakistan. Fertility
and Sterility 64: 717-723. 1995.
139. KEITH, L. and BERGER, G.S. The etiology of pelvic
inflammatory disease. Research Frontiers in Fertility Regulation
3(1): 1-16. 1984.
140. KELAGHAN, J., RUBIN, G.L., ORY, H.W., and LAYDE, P.M.
Barrier-method contraceptives and pelvic inflammatory disease. Journal
of the American Medical Association 248: 184-187. 1982.
141. KENNEDY, K.I. Breastfeeding and the double protection dilemma. Research Triangle
Park, North Carolina, Family Health International, September 1991.
142. KENNEDY, K.I. Fertility, sexuality and contraception
during lactation. In: Riordan, J. and Auerback, K., eds. Breastfeeding
and human lactation. Boston, Jones and Bartlett, 1993.
143. KENNEDY, K.I. Post-partum contraception. [Review.
64 refs] Baillieres Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology 10(1): 25-41.
April 1996.
144. KENNEDY, K.I., GROSS, B., PARENTEAU-CARREAU, S., et
al. Breastfeeding and the symptothermal method. Studies in Family
Planning 26(2): 107-115. 1995.
145. KENNEDY, K.I., LABBOK, M.H., and VAN LOOK, P.F.A. Consensus
statement on the Lactational Amenorrhea Method for family planning. International
Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics 54: 55-57. 1996.
146. KENNEDY, K.I., RIVERA, R., and MCNEILLY, A. Consensus
statement on the use of breastfeeding as a family planning method.
Contraception 39(5): 477-496. 1989.
147. KENNEDY, K.I. and VISNESS, C.M. Contraceptive efficacy
of lactational amenorrhea. Lancet 339(8796): 227-230. March 28, 1992.
148. KESSERU-KOOS, E. Influence of various hormonal contraceptives
on sperm migration in vivo. Fertility and Sterility 22: 584-603.
1971.
149. KESTELMAN, P. and TRUSSELL, J. Efficacy of the simultaneous
use of condoms and spermicides. Family Planning Perspectives 23:
226-227, 232. 1991.
150. KILLICK, S.R., BANCROFT, K., OELBAUMS, M.J., and ELSTEIN,
M. Extending the duration of the pill-free interval during combined
oral contraception. Advances in Contraception 6: 33-40. 1990.
151. KJAEL, A., LAURSEN, K., THORMANN, L., BARGGAARD, O.,
and LEBECH, P. Copper release from copper intrauterine devices removed after up to 8 years of use. Contraception 47(4): 349-350. April 1993.
152. KOETSAWANG, S. Once-a-month injectable contraceptives:
Efficacy and reasons for discontinuation. Contraception 49(4): 387-398.
April 1994.
153. KORBA, V.D. and PAULSON, S.R. Five years of fertility
control with microdose norgestrel: An updated clinical review. Journal
of Reproductive Medicine 13(2): 71-75. August 1974.
154. KRAMER, D. and BROWN, S. Sexually transmitted diseases
and infertility. International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics
22: 19-27. 1984.
155. KREISS, J., NGUGI, E., HOLMES, K., et al. Efficacy
of nonoxynol-9 contraceptive sponge use in preventing heterosexual
acquisition of HIV in Nairobi prostitutes. Journal of the American
Medical Association 268: 477-482. 1992.
156. LABBOK, M., COONEY, K., and COLY, S. Guidelines:
Breastfeeding, family planning, and the Lactational Amenorrhea Method—LAM. Washington,
D.C., Institute for Reproductive Health, 1994.
157. LABBOK, M. and KRASOVEC, K. Toward consistency in
breastfeeding definitions. Studies in Family Planning 21: 226-230.
1990.
158. LABBOK, M., PEREZ, A., VALDES, V., et al. The Lactational
Amenorrhea Method: A new postpartum introductory family planning method. Advances
in Contraception 10: 93-109. 1994.
159. LABBOK, M.H., PEREZ, A., VALDES, V., SEVILLA, F.,
WADE, K., LAUKARAN, V.H., COONEY, K.A., COLY, S., SANDERS, C., and
QUEENAN, J.R. The Lactational Amenorrhea Method (LAM): A postpartum
introductory family planning method with policy and program implications. Advances
in Contraception 10: 93-109. 1994.
160. LADIPO, O.A., FARR, G., OTOLORIN, E., et al. Prevention
of IUD-related pelvic infection: The efficacy of prophylactic doxycycline
at IUD insertion. Advances in Contraception 7(1): 43-54. March 1991.
161. LÄHTEENMAKI, P. Oral contraception and immediate
postabortion pituitary-ovarian function. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica
76(Suppl): 9-43. 1978.
162. LÄHTEENMAKI, P. Postabortal contraception. Annals
of Medicine 25: 185-189. 1993.
163. LÄHTEENMAKI, P., TOIVONEH, J., RASI, V., LUUKKAINEN,
T., and MYLLYÄ, G. Coagulation factors in women using oral contraceptives
or intrauterine contraceptive devices immediately after abortion. American
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 141: 175-179. 1981.
164. LÄHTEENMAKI, P., YÖLSTALO, P., SIPINEN, S.,
TOIVONEN, J., RUUSUVAARA, L., PIKKOLA, P., NILSSON, C.G., and LUUKKAINEN,
T. Return of ovulation after abortion and after discontinuation of
oral contraceptives. Fertility and Sterility 34(3): 246-249. 1980.
165. LAING, J. Periodic abstinence in the Philippines:
New findings from a national survey. Studies in Family Planning 18(1):
32-41. 1987.
166. LAMPRECHT, V. and GRUMMER-STRAWN, L. Development
of new formulas to identify the fertile time of the menstrual cycle.
Contraception 54(6): 339-343. 1996.
167. LANDE, R.E. and BLACKBURN, R. Pharmacists and family
planning. Population Reports, Series J, No. 37. Baltimore, Johns
Hopkins School of Public Health, Population Information Program, November
1989. 32 p.
168. LANDGREN, B.M. and EMICZKY, C.S. The effect on follicular
growth and luteal function of "missing the pill." Contraception 43(2):
149-159. February 1991.
169. LAROS, R.K., Jr., ZATUCHNI, G.I., and ANDROS, G.J. Puerperal
tubal ligation morbidity, histology, and bacteriology. Obstetrics
and Gynecology 41: 397-403. 1973.
170. LASSISE, D.L., SAVITZ, D.A., HAMMAN, R.F., BARON,
A.E., BRINTON, L.A., and LEVINES, R.S. Invasive cervical cancer and
intrauterine device use. International Journal of Epidemiology 20(4):
865-870. 1991.
171. LEADER, A., GALAN, N., GEORGE, R., and TAYLOR, P. A
comparison of definable traits in women requesting reversal of sterilization
and women satisfied with sterilization. American Journal of Obstetrics
and Gynecology 145: 198-202. 1983.
172. LEE, N.C., RUBIN, G.L., and BORUCKI, R. The intrauterine
device and pelvic inflammatory disease revisited: New results from
the women's health study. Obstetrics and Gynecology 72(1): 1-6. 1988.
173. LEE, N.C., RUBIN, G.L., ORY, H.W., and BURKMAN, R.T. Type
of intrauterine device and the risk of pelvic inflammatory disease. Obstetrics
and Gynecology 62: 1-6. 1983.
174. LEITCH, W.S. Longevity of Gynol 2 and Ortho Creme
in the Prentif cervical cap. Contraception 34: 363-379. 1986.
175. LEITCH, W.S. Longevity of Ortho Creme and Gynol 2
in the contraceptive diaphragm. Contraception 34: 381-393. 1986.
176. LEONARD, A.H. and LADIPO, O.A. Postabortion family
planning: Factors in individual choice of contraceptive methods. Advances
in Abortion Care 4(2): 1-4. 1994.
177. LIANG, A.P., LEVENSON, A.G., LAYDE, P.M., SHELTON,
J.D., HATCHER, R.A., POTTS, M., and MICHELSON, M.J. Risk of breast,
uterine corpus, and ovarian cancer in women receiving medroxyprogesterone
injections. Journal of the American Medical Association 249: 2909-2912.
1983.
178. LISKIN, L., PILE, J.M., and QUILLIN, W.F. Vasectomy—Safe
and simple. Population Reports, Series D, No. 4. Baltimore, Johns
Hopkins School of Public Health, Population Information Program, November-December
1983. 40 p.
179. LOBO, R.A. and SPEROFF, L. International consensus
conference on postmenopausal hormone therapy and the cardiovascular
system. Fertility and Sterility 62: 1765-1795. 1994.
180. LOUV, W., AUSTIN, H., ALEXANDER, W., STAGNO, S., and
CHEEKS, J. A clinical trial of nonoxynol-9 for preventing gonococcal
and chlamydial infections. Journal of Infectious Diseases 158(3):
518-522. 1988.
181. LUUKKAINEN, T., NIELSON, N.C., NYGREN, K.G., and PYORALA,
T. Nulliparous women, IUD and pelvic infection. Annals of Clinical
Research 11: 121-124. 1979.
182. MARCIL-GRATTON, N. Sterilization regret among women
in metropolitan Montreal. Family Planning Perspectives 20: 222-227.
1988.
183. MARMAR, J. The status of vasectomy reversals. International
Journal of Fertility 36(6): 352-357. 1991.
184. MASSEY, F.J., Jr., BERNSTEIN, G.S., O'FALLON, W.M.,
et al. Vasectomy and health: Results from a large cohort study. Journal
of the American Medical Association 252: 1023-1029. 1984.
185. MATTSON, R.H. and REBAR, R.W. Contraceptive methods
for women with neurologic disorders. American Journal of Obstetrics
and Gynecology 168: 2027-2032. 1993.
186. MAUCK, C., GLOVER, L.H., MILLER, E., et al. Lea's
Shield: A study of the safety and efficacy of a new vaginal barrier
contraceptive used with and without spermicide. Contraception 53(6):
329-335. June 1996.
187. MCCANN, M.F., MOGGIA, A.V., HIGGINS, J.E., POTTS,
M., and BEEKER, C. The effects of a progestin-only oral contraceptive
(levonorgestrel 0.03 mg) on breastfeeding. Contraception 40(6): 635-648.
1989.
188. MCCANN, M.F. and POTTER, L.S. Progestin-only oral
contraception: A comprehensive review. Contraception 50(6, Suppl.
1): S1-S95. December 1994.
189. MCINTOSH, N., KINZIE, B., and BLOUSE, A., eds. IUD
guidelines for family planning service programs. 2nd ed. Baltimore,
JHPIEGO Corporation, 1993.
190. MIALE, J.B. and KENT, J.W. The effects of oral contraceptives
on the results of laboratory tests. American Journal of Obstetrics
and Gynecology 120(2): 264-272. September 15, 1974.
191. MISHELL, D.R. Long-acting contraceptive steroids:
Postcoital contraceptives and antiprogestins. In: Mishell, D.R.,
Davajan, V., and Lobo, R.A., eds. Infertility, contraception, and
reproductive endocrinology. 3rd ed. Boston, Blackwell Scientific,
1991. p. 872-894.
192. MISHELL, D.R and ROY, S. Copper intrauterine contraceptive
device event rates following insertion 4 to 8 weeks postpartum. American
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 143(1): 29-33. 1982.
193. MOGHISSI, K.S., SYNER, F.N., and EVANS, T.N. A composite
picture of the menstrual cycle. American Journal or Obstetrics and
Gynecology 114(3): 405-418. 1972.
194. MOGHISSI, K.S., SYNER, F.N., and MCBRIDE, L.C. Contraceptive
mechanism of microdose norethindrone. Obstetrics and Gynecology 41:
585-594. 1973.
195. MOLLOY, B.G., COULSON, K.A., LEE, J.M., and WATTERS,
J.K. "Missed pill" conception: Fact or fiction? British Medical
Journal 290(6480): 1474-1475. May 18, 1985.
196. MORENO, L. and GOLDMAN, N. Contraceptive failure rates in developing countries: Evidence from the demographic and health
surveys. International Family Planning Perspectives 17: 44-49. 1991.
197. MURPHY, A., ZACUR, H., CHARACHE, P., and BURKMAN,
R. The effect of tetracycline on levels of oral contraceptives. American
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 164: 28-32. 1991.
198. NASELLO, M., CALLIHAN, D., MENPUS, M., and STEIGHIGEL,
R. A solid-phase enzyme immunoassay (gonozzyme®) test
for direct detection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae antigen in urogenital
specimens from patients at a sexually transmitted disease clinic. Sexually
Transmitted Diseases, October-December 1985. p. 198-202.
199. NEAMATALLA, G.S. and HARPER, P.B. Family planning
counseling and voluntary sterilization. New York, AVSC International,
1990.
200. NIRUTHISARD, S., RODDY, R.E., and CHUTIVONGSE, S. Use
of nonoxynol-9 and reduction in rate of gonococcal and chlamydial
cervical infections. Lancet 339(8806): 1371-1375. June 6, 1992.
201. NOERPRAMANA, N.-P. The Norplant removal training
and service at Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang, Indonesia. Advances
in Contraception 7(4): 389-401. December 1991.
202. NORSIGIAN, J. Feminist perspective on barrier use. In:
Mauck, C.K., Cordero, M., Gabelnick, H.L., Spieler, J.M., and Rivera,
R., eds. Barrier contraceptives: Current status and future prospects. New
York, Wiley-Liss, 1994.
203. O'HANLEY, K. and HUBER, D. Postpartum IUDs: Keys
for success. Contraception 45: 351-361. 1992.
204. ORME, M. and BACK, D.J. Oral contraceptive steroids—Pharmacological
issues of interest to the prescribing physician. Advances in Contraception
7: 325-331. 1991.
205. ORME, M., BACK, D.J., and BRECKENRIDGE, A.M. Clinical
pharmacokinetics of oral contraceptive steroids. Clinical Pharmacokinetics
8: 95-136. 1983.
206. OSTIMEHIN, B.D., OTOLORIN, E.D., and LADIPO, O.A. Sequential
hormone measurements after first trimester abortion for normal Nigerian
women. Advances in Contraception 1(1): 83-90. 1985.
207. OVERSTREET, J.W., KATZ, D.F., and YANAGIMACHI, R. Sperm
transport and capacitation. In: Sciarra, J.J., ed. Gynecology and
obstetrics. Philadelphia, J.B. Lippincott, 1995.
208. OYELOLA, O.O. Fasting plasma lipids, lipoproteins
and apolipoproteins in Nigerian women using combined oral and progestin-only
injectable contraceptives. Contraception 47: 445-454. 1993.
209. PAAVONEN, J., KOUTSKY, L.A., and KIVIAT, N. Cervical
neoplasia and other STD-related genital and anal neoplasias. In:
Holmes, K.K., Mårdh, P., Sparling, P.F., Wiesner, P.J., Cates,
W., Lemon, S.M., and Stamm, W., eds. Sexually transmitted diseases. New
York, McGraw-Hill, 1984. p. 561-592.
210. PARAZZINI, F., LA VECCHIA, C., BOCCIOLONE, L., and
FRANCESHI, S. The epidemiology of endometrial cancer. Gynecologic
Oncology 41: 1-16. 1991.
211. PARDTHAISONG, T. Return of fertility after use of
the injectable contraceptive Depo Provera: Up-dated data analysis. Journal
of Biosocial Science 16: 23. 1984.
212. PARDTHAISONG, T. and GRAY, R.H. In utero exposure
to steroid contraceptives and outcome of pregnancy. American Journal
of Epidemiology 134(8): 795-803. 1991.
213. PARDTHAISONG, T., YENCHIT, C., and GRAY, R. The long-term
growth and development of children exposed to Depo-Provera during
pregnancy or lactation. Contraception 45: 313-324. 1992.
214. PEREZ, A., LABBOK, M.H, and QUEENAN, J.T. Clinical
study of the lactational amenorrhea method for family planning. Lancet
339(8799): 968-970. April 18, 1992.
215. PETERSEN, K.R., BROOKS, L., JACOBSEN, B., and SKOUKY,
S.O. Intrauterine devices in nulliparous women. Advances in Contraception
7(4): 333-338. 1991.
216. PETERSON, H.B., XIA, Z., HUGHES, J.M., et al. The
risk of pregnancy after tubal sterilization: Findings from the U.S.
collaborative review of sterilization. American Journal of Obstetrics
and Gynecology 174: 1161-1170. 1996.
217. PITAKTEPSOMBATI, P. and JANOWITZ, B. Sterilization
acceptance and regret in Thailand. Contraception 44: 623-637. 1991.
218. POPULATION COUNCIL (PC). Copper T 380A intrauterine
device is effective for 10 years. [News Release] New York, PC, September
27, 1994.
219. POPULATION COUNCIL (PC). Norplant levonorgestrel
implants: A summary of scientific data. New York, PC, 1990. p. 2.
220. PRENTICE, A.M., GOLDBERG, G.R., and PRENTICE, A. Body
mass index and lactation performance. European Journal of Clinical
Nutrition 48: S78-S96. 1994.
221. PRITCHARD, J.A. and MACDONALD, P.C. Maternal adaptation
to pregnancy. In: Williams obstetrics. 16th ed. New York, Appleton-Century-Crofts,
1990. p. 221-259.
222. PUDNEY, J., ONETA, M., MAYER, K., SEAGE, G., 3rd,
and ANDERSON, D. Pre-ejaculatory fluid as potential vector for sexual
transmission of HIV-1. [Letter] Lancet 340: 1470. 1992.
223. PUGIN, E., VALDEZ, V., LABBOK, M., PEREZ, A., and
ARAVENA, R. Does prenatal education contribute to the duration of
full breastfeeding in a comprehensive breastfeeding promotion program? Journal
of Human Lactation 12: 15-20. 1996.
224. QUINN, D.A., THAMPSON, B.R., TERRIN, M.L., THRALL,
J.H., ATHANASOULIS, C.A., MCKUSICK, K.A., STEIN, P.F., and HATES,
C.A. A prospective investigation of pulmonary embolism in women and
men. Journal of the American Medical Association 268(13): 1689-1696.
1992.
225. RAMOS, R., KENNEDY, K.I., and VISNESS, C. Effectiveness
of the Lactational Amenorrhea Method in preventing pregnancy in Manila,
the Philippines. British Medical Journal 313: 909-912. 1996.
226. RIVERA, R., GAITAN, J., RUIZ, R., et al. Menstrual
patterns and progesterone circulating levels following different procedures
of tubal occlusion. Contraception 40(2): 157-169. 1989.
227. RODDY, R.E., CORDERO, M., CORDERO, C., and FORTNEY,
J.A. A dosing study of nonoxynol-9 and genital irritation. International
Journal of STD and AIDS 4(3): 165-170. May-June 1993.
228. ROGOW, D., RINTOUL, E., and GREENWOOD, S. A year's
experience with a fertility awareness program: A report. Advances
in Planned Parenthood 15(1): 27-33. 1980.
229. ROSENBERG, M., ROJANAPITHAYAKORN, W., FELDBLUM, P.,
and HIGGINS, J. Effect of the contraceptive sponge on chlamydial
infection, gonorrhea, and candidiasis: A comparative clinical trial. Journal
of the American Medical Association 257: 2308-2312. 1987.
230. ROSENBERG, M.J. and GOLLUB, E.L. Commentary: Methods
women can use that may prevent sexually transmitted disease, including
HIV. American Journal of Public Health 82: 1473-1478. 1992.
231. ROSENFIELD, A., MAINE, D., and GOROSH, M.E. Nonclinical
distribution of the pill in the developing world. International Family
Planning Perspectives 6(4): 130-135. 1980.
232. ROSS, J., HONG, S., and HUBER, D. Voluntary sterilization:
An international fact book. New York, AVSC, 1985.
233. ROUZI, A., MACKINNON, M., and MCCOMB, P. Predictors
of success of reversal of sterilization. Fertility and Sterility
64(1): 29-36. 1995.
234. RULIN, M.C., DAVIDSON, A.R., PHILLIBER, S.G., GRAVES,
W.L., and CUSHMAN, L.F. Changes in menstrual symptoms among sterilized
and comparison women: A prospective study. Obstetrics and Gynecology
74: 149-154. 1989.
235. SANG, G. Pharmacodynamic effects of once-a-month
combined injectable contraceptives. Contraception 49(4): 361-385.
1994.
236. SANTELLI, J.S., BURWELL, L.G., ROZSENICH, C., et.
al. Surgical sterilization among women and use of condoms—Baltimore,
1989-1990. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 41: 568-575. 1992.
237. SARACCO, A., MUSICCO, M., NICOLOSI, A., et. al. Man-to-woman
sexual transmission of HIV: Longitudinal study of 343 steady partners
of infected men. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome 6:
497-502. 1993.
238. SCHIPHORST, L.E., COLLINS, W.P., and ROYSTAR, J.P. An
estrogen test to determine the times of potential fertility in women. Fertility
and Sterility 44: 328-334. 1985.
239. SCHWALLIE, P.C. and ASSENZO, J.R. The effect of depo-medroxyprogesterone
acetate on pituitary and ovarian function, and the return of fertility
following its discontinuation: A review. Contraception 10(4): 181-202.
1974.
240. SECOR, R. The Cervical Cap. NAACOG's Clinical Issues
in Perinatal and Women's Health Nursing 3(2): 236-245. 1992.
241. SHAABAN, M., SALEM, H., and ABDULLAH, K. Influence
of levonorgestrel contraceptive implants, Norplant, initiated early
postpartum upon lactation and infant growth. Contraception 32(6):
623-635. 1985.
242. SHAABAN, M.M. Contraception with progestogens and
progesterone during lactation. Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and
Molecular Biology 40(4-6): 705-710. 1991.
243. SHAIN, R.N., MILLER, W.B., and HOLDEN, A.E.C. Married
women's dissatisfaction with tubal sterilization and vasectomy at
first-year follow-up: Effects of perceived spousal dominance. Fertility
and Sterility 45: 808-819. 1986.
244. SHELTON, J.D., ANGLE, M.A., and JACOBSTEIN, R.A. Medical
barriers to access to family planning. Lancet 340(8831): 1334-1335.
November 28, 1992.
245. SHELTON, J.D. and HARRIS, J.R. Role of the condom
in combatting global AIDS: The application of Sutton's law to public
health. In: Alexander, N.J., Gabelnick, H.L., and Spieler, J.M.,
eds. Heterosexual transmission of AIDS: Proceedings of the Second
Contraceptive Research and Development (CONRAD) Program International
Workshop, Norfolk, Virginia, February 1-3, 1989.
246. SHERRIS, J.D., RAVENHOLT, B.B., BLACKBURN, R., GREENBERG,
R.H., KAK, N., PORTER, R.W., 3rd, and SAUNDERS, S. Contraceptive
social marketing: Lessons from experience. Population Reports, Series
J, No. 30. Baltimore, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Population
Information Program, July-August 1985. 40 p.
247. SHOUPE, D. Injectable contraceptives and contraceptive
vaginal rings. In: Shoupe, D. and Haseltine, F.P., eds. Contraception. New
York, Springer-Verlag, 1993. p 144-157.
248. SHOUPE, D., MISHELL, D.R., BOPP, B.L., and FIELDING,
M. The significance of bleeding patterns in Norplant implant users. Obstetrics
and Gynecology 77: 256-260. 1991.
249. SIDNEY, S., QUESENBERRY, C.P., Jr., SADLER, M.C.,
GUESS, H.A., LYDICK, E.G., and CATTOLICA, E.V. Vasectomy and the
risk of prostate cancer in a cohort of multiphasic health-checkup
examinees: Second report. Cancer Causes and Control 2(2): 113-116.
March 1991.
250. SIEGLER, A., HULKA, J., and PERETZ, A. Reversibility
of female sterilization. Fertility and Sterility 43(4): 499-510.
1985.
251. SIMPSON, J.L. and PHILLIPS, O.P. Spermicides, hormonal
contraception and congenital malformations. Advances in Contraception
6: 141-167. 1990.
252. SINEI, S., SCHULZ, K., LAMPTEY, P., et. al. Preventing
IUCD-related pelvic infection. British Journal of Obstetrics and
Gynaecology 97: 412-419. 1990.
253. SINGH, K., VIEGAS, O.A.C., and RATNAM, S.S. A three-year
evaluation of Norplant in Singaporean acceptors. Advances in Contraception
6: 1-9. 1990.
254. SIVIN, I. International experience with Norplant
and Norplant-2 contraceptives. Studies in Family Planning 19(2):
81-94. March-April 1988.
255. SIVIN, I., DIAZ, S., HOLMA, P., ALVAREZ-SANEUEZ, F.,
and ROBERTSON, D.N. A four-year clinical study of Norplant. Studies
in Family Planning 14(6-7): 184-191. 1983.
256. SMITH, C., FARR, M.G., FELDBLUM, P.J., and SPENCE,
A. Effectiveness of the non-spermicidal fit-free diaphragm. Contraception
51(5): 289-291. May 1995.
257. SMITH, S.K., KIRKMAN, R.J.E., ARCE, B.B., MCNEILLY,
A.S., LOUDON, N.B., and BAIRD, D.T. The effect of deliberate omission
of Trinordiol® or Microgynon® on the hypothalamo-pituitary-ovarian
axis. Contraception 34(5): 513-522. 1986.
258. SOLHEIM, F. An assessment of quality of life in women
treated with Depo-Provera in Sweden. In: Zambrano, D., ed. Depo-Provera®
(medroxyprogesterone acetate) for contraception: A current perspective
of scientific, clinical and social issues. Kalamazoo, Michigan, Upjohn,
1992. p. 61-72.
259. SOPER, D.E., SHOUPE, D., SHANGOLD, G.A., SHANGOLD,
M.M., GUTMANN, J., and MERCER, L. Prevention of vaginal trichomoniasis
by compliant use of the female condom. Sexually Transmitted Diseases
20: 137-139. 1993.
260. SPARROW, M.J. Pregnancies in reliable pill takers. New
Zealand Medical Journal 102(879): 575-577. 1989.
261. SPEROFF, L. and DARNEY, P. A clinical guide for contraception.
Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins, 1996.
262. SPEROFF, L., GLASS, R.H., and KASE, N.G. Clinical
gynecologic endocrinology and infertility. 4th ed. Baltimore, Williams
and Wilkins. 1989.
263. STANFORD, J.L. and THOMAS, D.B. Exogenous progestins
and breast cancer. Epidemiologic Review 15(1): 98-107. 1993.
264. STEIN, Z. More on women and the prevention of HIV
infection. [Editorial] American Journal of Public Health 85: 1485-1488.
1995.
265. STEINER, M., PIEDRAHITA, C., GLOVER, L., and JOANIS,
C. Can condom users likely to experience condom failure be identified? Family
Planning Perspectives 25(5): 220-223, 226. September-October 1993.
266. STIM, E.M. The nonspermicide fit-free diaphragm:
A new contraceptive method. Advances in Planned Parenthood 15(3):
88-98. 1980.
267. SWEET, R.L., DRAPER, D.L., and HADLEY, W.K. Etiology
of acute salpingitis: Influence of episode number and duration of
symptoms. Obstetrics and Gynecology 58: 62-68. 1981.
268. TATUM, H.J. and CONNELL, E.B. A decade of intrauterine
contraception: 1976-1986. Fertility and Sterility 46(2): 173-192.
August 1986.
269. TECHNICAL GUIDANCE/COMPETENCE WORKING GROUP. Recommendations
for updating selected practices in contraceptive use. Vol. 2. Chapel
Hill, North Carolina, Program for International Training in Health,
1997.
270. TECHNICAL GUIDANCE WORKING GROUP. Recommendations
for updating selected practices in contraceptive use: Results of a
technical meeting. Vol. 1. Chapel Hill, North Carolina, Program for
International Training in Health, November 1994.
271. THEINTZ, G., BUCHS, B., RIZZOLI, R., SLOSMAN, D.,
CLAVIEN, H., SIZONENKO, P.C., and BONJOUR, J.P. Longitudinal monitoring
of bone mass accumulation in healthy adolescents: Evidence for a marked
reduction after 16 years of age at the levels of lumbar spine and
femoral neck in female subjects. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology
and Metabolism 75: 1060-1065. 1992.
272. TIETJEN, L., CRONIN, W., and MCINTOSH, N. Infection
prevention for family planning service programs: A problem-solving
reference manual. Durant, Oklahoma, Essential Medical Information
Systems, 1992.
273. TRUSSELL, J., ELLERTSON, C., and RODRIGUEZ, G. The
Yuzpe regimen of emergency contraception: How long after the morning
after? Obstetrics and Gynecology 88: 150-154. 1996.
274. TRUSSELL, J., ELLERTSON, C., and STEWART, F. The
effectiveness of the Yuzpe regimen of emergency contraception. Family
Planning Perspectives 28: 58-64, 87. 1996.
275. TRUSSELL, J. and GRUMMER-STRAWN, L. Contraceptive
failure of the ovulation method of periodic abstinence. Family Planning
Perspectives 22: 65-75. 1990.
276. TRUSSELL, J. and KOST, K. Contraceptive failure in
the United States: A critical review of the literature. Studies in
Family Planning 18(5): 237-283. 1987.
277. TRUSSELL, J. and STEWART, F. The effectiveness of
postcoital hormonal contraception. Family Planning Perspectives 24(6):
262-264. 1992.
278. TRUSSELL, J., STRICKLER, J., and VAUGHAN, B. Contraceptive
efficacy of the diaphragm, the sponge and the cervical cap. Family
Planning Perspectives 25(3): 100-105, 135. May-June 1993.
279. TRUSSELL, J., STURGEN, K., STRICKLER, J., and DOMINIK,
R. Comparative contraceptive efficacy of the female condom and other
barrier methods. Family Planning Perspectives 26: 66-72. 1994.
280. TSIBRIS, J.C.M. Cervical mucus. In: Gould, J.J.
and Josimovich, J.B., eds. Gynecologic endocrinology. New York,
Plenum, 1987. p. 175-183.
281. UNITED STATES. CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL. Update:
Barrier protection against HIV infection and other sexually transmitted
diseases. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 42: 589-591, 597.
1993.
282. UNITED STATES. FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION. FERTILITY
AND MATERNAL HEALTH DRUGS ADVISORY COMMITTEE. Depo-Provera C-150
NDA 20-246. [Brochure] 1992. p. 37.
283. VICTORA, C.G., SMITH, P.G., VAUGHAN, J.P., et al. Infant
feeding and deaths due to diarrhea: A case-control study. American
Journal of Epidemiology 129(5): 1032-1041. 1987.
284. VICTORA, C.G., VAUGHAN, J.P., LOMBARDI, C., et al. Evidence
for protection by breast-feeding against infant deaths from infectious
diseases in Brazil. Lancet 2(8554): 319-322. August 8, 1987.
285. VISNESS, C. and RIVERA, R. Progestin-only pill use
and pill switching during breastfeeding. Contraception 51: 279-281.
1995.
286. VOELLER, B., COULSON, A.H., BERNSTEIN, G.S., and NAKAMURA,
R.M. Mineral oil lubricants cause rapid deterioration of latex condoms. Contraception
39(1): 95-101. January 1989.
287. WALSH, T., BERNSTEIN, G., GRIMES, D., et. al. Effect
of prophylactic antibiotics on morbidity associated with IUD insertion:
Results of a pilot randomized controlled trial. Contraception 50:
319-327. 1994.
288. WANG, S.C., WU, S.C., XIN, X.M., CHEN, J.H., and GAO,
J. Three years' experience with levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine
device and Norplant-2 implants: A randomized comparative study. Advances
in Contraception 8(2): 105-111. 1992.
289. WARD, R.M. Pharmacologic principles and practicalities. In:
Taeusch, H.W., Ballard, R.A., and Avery, M.E., eds. Diseases of the
newborn. Philadelphia, WB Saunders, 1991.
290. WEBB, A. Emergency contraception. Fertility Control
Reviews 4(2): 3-7. 1995.
291. WEBB, A. How safe is the Yuzpe method of emergency
contraception? Fertility Control Reviews 4(2): 16-18. 1995.
292. WEBB, A. When to use post-coital contraception. Fertility
Control Reviews 2(2): 15-17. 1992.
293. WEIR, S.S., FELDBLUM, P.J., ZEKENG, L., and RODDY,
R.E. The use of nonoxynol-9 for protection against cervical gonorrhea. American
Journal of Public Health 84: 910-914. 1994.
294. WESTÖRM, L. and MÅRDH, P. Acute pelvic inflammatory
disease (PID). In: Holmes, K.K., Mårdh, P., Sparling, P.F., Wiesner,
P.J., Cates, W., Lemon, S.M., and Stamm, W., eds. Sexually transmitted
diseases. 2nd ed. New York, McGraw-Hill, 1990. p. 596-613.
295. WILCOX, L.S., CHU, S.Y., EAKER, E.D., ZEGER, S.L.,
and PETERSON, H.B. Risk factors for regret after tubal sterilization:
5 years of follow-up in a prospective study. Fertility and Sterility
55: 927-933. 1991.
296. WILEY, A. The diaphragm. In: Corson, S., Derman,
R., and Tyrer, L., eds. Fertility control. Boston, Little, Brown
& Company, 1985. p. 223-232.
297. WILSON, E.S.B., CRUICKSHANK, J., MCMASTER, M., and
WEIR, R.J. A prospective controlled study of the effect on blood
pressure of contraceptive preparations containing different types
and dosages of progestogen. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
91(12): 1254-1260. December 1984.
298. WISEMAN, R.A. and DODDS-SMITH, I.C. Cardiovascular
birth defects and antenatal exposure to female sex hormones: A re-evaluation
of some base data. Teratology 30(3): 359-370. 1984.
299. WORLD FEDERATION OF HEALTH AGENCIES FOR THE ADVANCEMENT
OF VOLUNTARY SURGICAL CONTRACEPTION (AVSC). Safe and voluntary surgical
contraception: Guidelines for service programs. New York, AVSC, 1988.
119 p.
300. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION. Facts about once-a-month
injectable contraceptives: Memorandum from a WHO meeting. Bulletin
of the World Health Organization 71(6): 677-689. 1993.
301. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO). Female sterilization:
A guide to provision of services. Geneva, WHO, 1992.
302. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO). Improving access
to quality care in family planning: Medical eligibility criteria for
contraceptive use. Geneva, WHO, 1996.
303. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO). Injectable contraceptives:
Their role in family planning care. Geneva, WHO, 1990. 127 p.
304. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO). A multicentered
phase III comparative clinical trial of depot-medroxyprogesterone
acetate given three-monthly at doses of 100mg or 150mg: 1. Contraceptive
efficacy and side effects. Contraception 34(3): 223-235. 1986.
305. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO). Natural Family Planning:
A guide to provision of services. Geneva, WHO, 1988.
306. DORIG, B.T. and GREENSLADE, F.C. Norplant contraceptive
subdermal implants: Managerial and technical guidelines. Geneva,
World Health Organization, 1990. 140 p.
307. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO). A prospective multicentre
trial of the ovulation method of Natural Family Planning: 1. The teaching
phase. Fertility and Sterility 36(2): 152-158. 1981.
308. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO). and BLAT CENTRE FOR
HEALTH AND MEDICAL EDUCATION. Family fertility education: A resource
package for teachers of Natural Family Planning methods. Geneva,
WHO, 1982.
309. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO). FAMILY PLANNING AND
POPULATION DIVISION OF FAMILY HEALTH. Providing an appropriate contraceptive
method choice: What health workers need to know. Geneva, WHO, 1993.
p. 41.
310. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION. SPECIAL PROGRAMME OF RESEARCH,
DEVELOPMENT, AND RESEARCH TRAINING IN HUMAN REPRODUCTION. TASK
FORCE
ON ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES. Effects of hormonal contraceptives on breast
milk composition and infant growth. Studies in Family Planning 19(6):
361-369. 1988.
311. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO). SPECIAL PROGRAMME
OF RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH TRAINING IN HUMAN
REPRODUCTION.
SCIENTIFIC WORKING GROUP. Improving access to quality care in family
planning: Medical eligibility criteria for initiating and continuing
use of contraceptive methods. Geneva, WHO, 1995.
312. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION. SPECIAL PROGRAMME OF RESEARCH,
DEVELOPMENT, AND RESEARCH TRAINING IN HUMAN REPRODUCTION. TASK
FORCE
ON ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES. Effects of hormonal contraceptives on milk
volume and infant growth. Contraception 30(6): 505-521. 1984.
313. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION. SPECIAL PROGRAMME OF RESEARCH,
DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH TRAINING IN HUMAN REPRODUCTION.
Multinational
comparative clinical trial of long-acting injectable contraceptives:
Norethisterone enanthate given in two dosage regimens and depot-medroxyprogesterone
acetate. Final report. Contraception 28(1): 1-21. 1983.
314. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION. SPECIAL PROGRAMME OF RESEARCH,
DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH TRAINING IN HUMAN REPRODUCTION. TASK
FORCE
ON INTRAUTERINE DEVICES. PID associated with fertility regulating
agents. Contraception 30(1): 1-21. 1984.
315. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION. SPECIAL PROGRAMME OF RESEARCH,
DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH TRAINING IN HUMAN REPRODUCTION. TASK
FORCE
ON FEMALE STERILIZATION. Mini-incision for post-partum sterilization
of women: A multicenter, multinational prospective study. Contraception
26: 495-503. 1982.
316. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION. TASK FORCE ON LONG-ACTING
SYSTEMIC AGENTS FOR FERTILITY REGULATION. SPECIAL PROGRAMME OF
RESEARCH,
DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH TRAINING IN HUMAN REPRODUCTION.
Amulticentred
phase 3 comparative study of two hormonal contraceptive preparations
given once-a-month by intramuscular injection: 1. Contraceptive efficacy
and side effects. Contraception 37: 1-20. 1988.
317. WRIGHT, S.W., FOTHERBY, K., and FAIRWEATHER, F. Effect
of daily small doses of norgestrel on ovarian function. Journal of
Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the British Commonwealth 77: 65-68.
January 1970.
318. XU, J., CONNELL, C., and CHI, I. Immediate postplacental
insertion of the intrauterine device: A review of Chinese and the
world's experiences. Advances in Contraception 10: 71-82. 1992.
319. ZACHARIAS, S., AGUILERA, E., ASSENZO, J.R., and ZANARTU,
J. Effects of hormonal and non-hormonal contraceptives on lactation
and incidence of pregnancy. Contraception (3): 203-213. 1986.
320. ZAVALA, A.S., PEREZ-GONZALES, M., MILLER, P., WELSH,
M., WILKENS, L.R., and POTTS, M. Reproductive risks in a community-based
distribution program of oral contraceptives, Matamoros, Mexico. Studies
in Family Planning 18(5): 284-290. 1987.
321. ZEKENG, L., FELDBLUM, P.J., GODWIN, S.E., OLIVER,
R.M., and KAPTUE, L. HIV infection and barrier contraceptive use
among high-risk women in Cameroon. AIDS 7: 725-731. 1993.
322. ZHOU, S. and CHI, I. Immediate post-partum IUD insertions
in a Chinese hospital—A two year follow-up. International Journal
of Gynaecology and Obstetrics 35: 157-164. 1991.
323. ZHU, K., STANFORD, J.L., DALING, J.R., MCKNIGHT, B.,
STERGACHI, S., BRAWER, M.K., and WEISS, N.S. Vasectomy and prostate
cancer: A case-control study in a health maintenance organization. American
Journal of Epidemiology 144: 717-722. 1996.
324. ZINAMAN, M., HUGHES, V., QUEENAN, J., et al. Acute
prolactin, oxytocin response and milk yield to infant suckling and
artificial methods of expression in lactating women. Pediatrics 89:
437-440. 1992.
325. ZORLU, C., ARAL, K., COBANOGLU, O., GURLER, S., and
GOKMEN, O. Pelvic inflammatory disease and intrauterine devices. Advances
in Contraception 9: 299-302. 1993.
ADDENDA
326. ANDERSON, G.D. and GRAVES, N.M. Drug interactions
with antiepileptic agents. CNS Drugs 2(4): 268-279. 1994.
327. ANGLE, M.A., HUFF, P., and LEA, J. Interactions between
oral contraceptives and therapeutic drugs. Outlook 9(1): 1-6.
1991.
328. ANONYMOUS. Emergency contraceptive pills: Safe and
effective but not widely used. Outlook 14(2): 1-6. 1996.
329. BACIEWICZ, A.M., SELF, T.H., and BEKEMEYER, W.B. Update
on rifampin drug interactions. Archives of Internal Medicine 147(3):
565-568. 1987.
330. BAGSHAW, S., EDWARDS, D., and TUCKER, A. Ethinyl
oestradiol and d-Norgestrel is an effective emergency contraceptive:
A report of its use in 1,200 patients in a family planning clinic. Australian
and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 28: 137-140.
1988.
331. DIAZ, S., PAVEZ, M., MIRANDA, P., JOHANSSON, E.D.,
and CROXATTO, H.B. Long-term follow-up of women treated with Norplant
implants. Contraception 35(6): 551-567. 1987.
332. DORIG, B.T. and GREENSLADE, F.C. Norplant contraceptive
subdermal implants: Managerial and technical guidelines. Geneva,
World Health Organization, 1990. 140 p.
333. FARRELL, B., SOLTER, C., and HUBER, D. Comprehensive
reproductive health and family planning training curriculum. Module
5: Emergency contraceptive pills. Watertown, Massachusetts, Pathfinder
International, 1997.
334. FRIEDMAN, C.I., HUNEKE, A.L., KIM, M.H., and POWELL,
J. The effect of ampicillin on oral contraceptive effectiveness. Obstetrics
and Gynecology 55: 33-36. 1980.
335. GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY. INSTITUTE OF REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
(IRH). Guidelines for breastfeeding in family planning and child
survival programs. Washington, D.C., IRH, 1992.
336. GLASIER, A. Emergency contraception: Time for deregulation? British
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 100: 611-612. 1993.
337. GRIMMER, S.F.M., ALLEN, W.L., BACK, D.J., BRECKENRIDGE,
A.M., ORME, M., and TJIA, J. Cotrimoxazole on oral contraceptives
steroids in women. Contraception 28: 53-59. 1983.
338. GU, S., SIVIN, I., DU, M., ZHANG, L., et al. Effectiveness
of Norplant implants through seven years: A large-scale study in China. Contraception
52: 99-203. 1995.
339. GUILLEBAUD, J. Contraception: Your questions answered. New
York, Churchill Livingstone, 1993. p. 114-115.
340. HARLAP, S., KOST, K., and FORREST, J.D. Preventing
pregnancy, protecting health: A new look at birth control choices
in the United States. Washington, D.C., Alan Guttmacher Institute,
1991.
341. HO, P. and KWAN, M. A prospective randomized comparison
of levonorgestrel with the Yuzpe regimen in post-coital contraception. Human
Reproduction 8(3): 389-392. 1993.
342. INTERNATIONAL PLANNED PARENTHOOD FEDERATION. Statement
on Norplant subdermal contraceptive implant system. IPPF Medical
Bulletin 29(5). 1995.
343. JOSHI, J.V., JOSHI, U.M., SANKOLLI, G.M., et al. A
study of interaction of a low-dose combination oral contraceptive
with ampicillin and metronidazole. Contraception 22: 643-652. 1980.
344. LANDE, R.E. New era for injectables. Population
Reports, Series K, No. 5. Baltimore, Johns Hopkins School of Public
Health, Population Information Program, August 1995. 32 p.
345. MARECHAUD, M. La pilule du lendemain: Contraception
post-coitale. [The pill of tomorrow: Post-coital contraception.][FRE] Soins
Gynecologie Obstetrique Puericulture Pediatrie 115-116: 29-30. December
1990-January 1991.
346. MCINTOSH, N., BLOUSE, A., and SCHAEFER, L., eds. Norplant
implants guidelines for family planning service providers. 2nd ed. Baltimore,
JHPIEGO Corporation, 1995.
347. NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF FAMILY PLANNING DOCTORS. Emergency
(postcoital) contraception guidelines for doctors. British Journal
of Family Planning 18(3): 1-4. October 1992.
348. NUOVO, J. and WEDHA, A. Keloid formation from levonorgestrel
implant (Norplant system) insertion. Journal of the American Board
of Family Practice 7(2): 152-154. 1994.
349. PETERSON, H.B., XIA, Z., HUGHES, J.M., et al. The
risk of ectopic pregnancy after tubal sterilization. New England
Journal of Medicine 336: 762-767. 1997.
350. PROGRAM FOR APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY IN HEALTH (PATH).
Emergency contraception: A resource manual for providers. Seattle,
Washington, PATH, 1997.
351. SWAHN, M.L., WESTLUND, P., JOHANNISSON, E., and BYGDEMAN,
M. Effect of post-coital contraceptive methods on the endometrium
and the menstrual cycle. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
75: 738-744. 1996.
352. TRUSSELL, J. and ELLERTSON, C. Efficacy of emergency
contraception. Fertility Control Reviews 4(2): 8-11. 1995.
353. TRUSSELL, J., STEWART, F., GUEST, F., and HATCHER,
R. Emergency contraceptive pills: A simple proposal to reduce unintended
pregnancies. Family Planning Perspectives 24(6): 269-273. 1992.
354. UNITED STATES. AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT.
Norplant implants issues related to removal and quality of care. Meeting
report. June 6, 1995. Unpublished.
355. WILCOX, A., WEINBERG, C., and BAIRD, D. Timing of
sexual intercourse in relation to ovulation. New England Journal
of Medicine 333: 1517-1521. 1995.
356. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO). A prospective multicentre
trial of the ovulation method of Natural Family Planning: 2. The effectiveness
phase. Fertility and Sterility 35(5): 591-598. 1981.
357. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO). et al. Post-marketing
surveillance report of Norplant: Collaborating agencies progress report. Geneva,
WHO, 1996.
ISSN 08870268 |